Anthropometric parameters Weight (kg)
|
83.4 ± 17.6
82.0 (71.0, 93.0)
|
83.3 ± 17.6
81.0 (71.0, 93.0)
|
84.2 ± 17.5
83.0 (72.0, 94.0)
|
82.7 ± 16.9
81.0 (71.0, 91.0)
|
83.2 ± 16.8
82.0 (70.0, 92.0)
|
1.0000
|
Height (cm)
|
162.2 ± 9.6
162.0 (155.0, 170.0)
|
162.0 ± 9.3
161.0 (155.0, 169.0)
|
162.2 ± 9.3
162.0 (155.0, 169.0)
|
161.7 ± 9.0
160.5 (155.0, 168.0)
|
161.9 ± 9.2
161.0 (155.0, 169.0)
|
0.0942
|
BMI (m2/kg)
|
31.9 ± 6.6
31.1 (27.5, 35.3)
|
31.9 ± 6.7
31.1 (27.3, 35.6)
|
32.1 ± 6.6
31.5 (27.8, 35.6)
|
32.0 ± 6.6
31.5 (27.4, 35.1)
|
32.2 ± 6.6
32.0 (27.7, 35.4)
|
1.0000
|
Waist circumference (cm)
|
104.1 ± 14.4
104.0 (95.0, 112.0)
|
103.2 ± 14.1
103.0 (96.0, 111.0)
|
105.2 ± 13.8
104.0 (97.0, 114.0)
|
104.1 ± 12.5
103.0 (96.0, 110.5)
|
107.2 ± 10.3
108.0 (105.0, 116.0)
|
0.0002
|
Clinical paraments Pulse rate at rest (/min)
|
82.0 ± 10.8
81.0 (75.0, 88.0)
|
80.7 ± 10.2
80.0 (74.0, 88.0)
|
80.1 ± 10.5
80.0 (72.0, 87.0)
|
79.8 ± 10.3
80.0 (72.0, 86.0)
|
81.0 ± 9.8
80.0 (76.0, 87.5)
|
0.1274
|
Systolic BP (mmHg)
|
133.7 ± 17.5
132.0 (122.0, 143.0)
|
132.4 ± 15.8
131.5 (120.0, 141.0)
|
132.5 ± 15.6
133.0 (120.0, 142.0)
|
132.0 ± 16.2
130.0 (120.0, 140.0)
|
133.0 ± 16.0
130.0 (120.0, 141.0)
|
0.3482
|
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
|
79.2 ± 10.9
80.0 (72.0, 87.0)
|
78.4 ± 9.9
80.0 (70.0, 85.0)
|
78.0 ± 10.1
78.0 (70.0, 86.0)
|
77.1 ± 10.5
80.0 (70.0, 85.0)
|
77.5 ± 9.8
80.0 (70.0, 83.0)
|
0.0025
|
Metabolic markers HbA1C % (mmol/mol)
|
8.8 ± 1.7 (73)
8.6 (71)
7.6 (60), 9.8 (84)
|
7.8 ± 1.4 (62)
7.5 (59)
6.8 (51), 8.4 (68)
|
8.0 ± 1.5 (64)
7.7 (61)
6.9 (52), 8.8 (73)
|
8.1 ± 1.7 (65)
7.7 (61)
6.9 (52), 9.1 (76)
|
8.2 ± 1.7 (66)
7.8 (62)
7.0 (53), 9.1 (76)
|
< 0.0001
|
Fasting Glucose (mg/dL)
|
185.9 ± 65.5
169.4 (135.1, 225.2)
|
152.3 ± 50.0
140.5 (119.1, 173.0)
|
154.6 ± 50.0
146.0 (117.1, 179.0)
|
152.2 ± 55.4
136.4 (117.1, 174.8)
|
146.3 ± 55.1
137.5 (107.9, 167.6)
|
< 0.0001
|
Random Glucose (mg/dL)
|
227.0 ± 79.2
215.3 (173.0, 278.0)
|
199.1 ± 67.2
191.0 (151.0, 225.2)
|
215.7 ± 70.7
203.5 (167.6, 251.0)
|
241.1 ± 86.4
234.2 (183.0, 298.0)
|
205.6 ± 72.8
192.5 (155.0, 240.0)
|
< 0.0001
|
Post Prandial Glucose (mg/dL)
|
256.2 ± 78.5
252.1 (200.9, 289.5)
|
208.6 ± 70.9
189.0 (160.4, 254.1)
|
197.0 ± 63.5
180.1 (153.2, 235.0)
|
206.5 ± 68.5
200.0 (160.0, 231.0)
|
167.3 ± 31.0
161.1 (144.0, 189.0)
|
< 0.0001
|
Lipid profile Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)
|
190.0 ± 52.7
184.0 (160.2, 210.0)
|
175.8 ± 40.8
169.9 (150.0, 196.0)
|
177.0 ± 42.9
170.3 (150.6, 199.6)
|
174.6 ± 35.6
172.2 (152.9, 197.7)
|
177.6 ± 40.5
176.0 (151.4, 201.2)
|
0.0001
|
HDL (mg/dL)
|
44.0 ± 11.5
42.7 (36.1, 52.1)
|
44.4 ± 12.5
42.1 (36.7, 49.0)
|
44.3 ± 11.1
43.1 (37.5, 50.0)
|
45.6 ± 10.9
44.0 (37.0, 53.0)
|
47.0 ± 11.0
45.9 (39.8, 54.8)
|
< 0.0001
|
LDL (mg/dL)
|
112.0 ± 35.7
112.4 (90.3, 134.0)
|
101.6 ± 33.6
101.4 (81.1, 119.7)
|
103.2 ± 33.2
99.2 (84.2, 121.0)
|
101.1 ± 29.8
100.8 (81.1, 120.0)
|
106.2 ± 35.8
101.2 (83.4, 130.0)
|
0.0083
|
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
|
190.7 ± 160.5
152.0 (110.0, 212.4)
|
166.7 ± 121.2
133.6 (106.0, 185.0)
|
172.0 ± 115.9
144.2 (107.1, 200.0)
|
171.3 ± 117.3
145.0 (104.4, 204.4)
|
153.7 ± 82.9
134.2 (108.8, 181.4)
|
< 0.0001
|
Renal function Albumin/Creatinine ratio (mg/g)
|
45.3 ± 62.6
18.4 (8.0, 59.0)
|
28.8 ± 44.3
8.4 (5.9, 34.0)
|
63.6 ± 139.0
9.8 (6.4, 31.7)
|
89.9 ± 252.6
15.2 (2.9, 34.5)
|
83.5 ± 134.8
37.7 (9.0, 62.0)
|
< 0.0001
|
Serum Creatinine
|
1.0 ± 1.2
0.8 (0.7, 1.0)
|
1.2 ± 1.5
0.8 (0.7, 1.0)
|
1.3 ± 1.8
0.8 (0.7, 1.0)
|
2.1 ± 2.7
0.9 (0.7, 1.2)
|
1.9 ± 2.5
0.8 (0.7, 1.2)
|
< 0.0001
|
Uric acid (mg/dL)
|
4.7 ± 1.3
4.7 (3.7, 5.6)
|
5.1 ± 1.6
4.9 (4.0, 5.9)
|
5.1 ± 1.5
5.0 (4.1, 5.6)
|
4.7 ± 1.9
4.7 (4.0, 5.5)
|
4.8 ± 1.2
4.6 (4.0, 5.3)
|
1.0000
|
Liver function Serum Albumin (g/dL)
|
4.2 ± 0.4
4.2 (4.0, 4.5)
|
4.2 ± 0.5
4.2 (4.0, 4.5)
|
4.2 ± 0.7
4.2 (3.9, 4.4)
|
4.0 ± 0.5
4.1 (3.8, 4.4)
|
4.1 ± 0.4
4.1 (3.8, 4.5)
|
1.0000
|
Alanine transaminase (ALT, IU/L)
|
34.1 ± 21.9
28.0 (19.0, 41.0)
|
1.0 ± 19.5
26.0 (19.1, 37.0)
|
29.9 ± 15.7
27.0 (18.9, 38.5)
|
30.7 ± 21.0
25.0 (17.2, 34.5)
|
31.6 ± 18.4
26.5 (18.0, 43.0)
|
0.1207
|
Aspartate transaminase (AST, IU/L)
|
22.1 ± 13.0
18.7 (15.0, 25.0)
|
21.4 ± 11.6
18.5 (15.0, 24.0)
|
23.0 ± 18.0
18.5 (15.0, 23.4)
|
21.7 ± 10.7
19.0 (15.0, 24.0)
|
21.1 ± 9.2
20.0 (15.7, 23.0)
|
0.1648
|
Gamma Glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT, IU/L)
|
46.2 ± 40.1
35.0 (22.0, 57.5)
|
40.0 ± 27.0
33.0 (23.0, 46.0)
|
48.1 ± 45.5
36.0 (23.0, 60.0)
|
55.9 ± 73.9
35.0 (27.0, 50.0)
|
45.2 ± 95.3
32.0 (20.3, 39.0)
|
0.8268
|
CBC White Blood Cell Count
|
8.1 ± 2.3
7.7 (6.5, 9.4)
|
7.8 ± 2.2
7.9 (6.2, 8.9)
|
8.3 ± 2.5
8.1 (6.4, 9.6)
|
8.0 ± 2.5
7.7 (6.1, 9.5)
|
7.8 ± 3.3
7.2 (5.8, 8.7)
|
1.0000
|
Hemoglobin
|
13.5 ± 1.7
13.6 (12.4, 14.6)
|
13.5 ± 1.8
13.6 (12.5, 14.8)
|
13.1 ± 2.0
13.3 (12.1, 14.6)
|
13.4 ± 1.9
13.6 (12.1, 14.8)
|
13.8 ± 1.6
14.0 (12.4, 15.0)
|
< 0.0001
|
Hematocrit
|
41.6 ± 5.0
41.4 (38.2, 44.9)
|
41.9 ± 5.2
41.8 (38.9, 45.8)
|
41.8 ± 5.2
42.5 (37.7, 44.9)
|
40.9 ± 4.9
41.9 (37.4, 44.5)
|
41.8 ± 4.6
41.7 (39.1, 45.4)
|
1.0000
|
Platelets
|
268.0 ± 72.7
257.5 (215.0, 313.0)
|
251.3 ± 55.1
238.0 (211.0, 287.0)
|
268.4 ± 75.4
257.0 (203.0, 313.0)
|
291.4 ± 61.7
295.0 (253.0, 333.0)
|
264.1 ± 79.1
261.5 (214.5, 303.5)
|
0.4058
|