Amézqueta, S., E. González-Peñas, M. Murillo-Arbizu, A. López de Cerain. Ochratoxin A decontamination: A review. J. Food Control. 2009; 20:326–333.
Association of Analytical chemists (AOAC). Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edition. Association of Analytical Chemists. Inc, Arlington, Virginia, USA. 1990; 957p.
Armentano, L.E., T.A. Herrington, C.E. Polan, A.J. Moe, J.H. Herbein, P. Umstadt. Ruminal degradation of dried brewers grains, wet brewers grains, and soybean meal. J. dairy sci. 1986; 69 (8): 2124-2133.
Asurmendi, P., C. Barberis, A. Dalcero, L. Pascual, L. Barberi. Survey of Aspergillus section flavi and aflatoxin B1 in brewer’s grain used as pig feed stuff in Córdoba, Argentina. J. Mycotoxin Res. 2013; 29: 3–7.
Bartolomé, B., M. Santos, J. Jiménez, M. del Nozal, C. Gómez-Cordovés. Pentoses and hydroxycinnamic acids in brewer’s spent grain, J. Cereal Sci. 2002; 36, 51–58.
Baskett, J., A. Nelson, K. Vincent, D. Strohbehn, D.D. Loy, C. Bern, T. Brumm. 2009. Storage and handling of high moisture Co-products from ethanol production in beef operations. Feed Specialist and Veterinarian Study. Iowa State University Animal Industry Report. A.S. Leaflet 2009; 2417.
Boessinger, M., H. Hug, U. Wyss. Les drêches de brasserie, un aliment protéique intéressant. Revue UFA, 2005; 8401
Carvalheiro, F., L.C. Duarte, S. Lopes, J.C. Parajò, H. Pereira, F.M. Gírio. 2006. Supplementation requirements of brewery’s spent grain hydrolysate for biomass and xylitol production by Debaryomyces hansenii CCMI 941. Ind. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2006; 33: 646-654.
Cherney, J.H., D.J.R. Cherney. 2003. Assessing Silage Quality. In: Buxton DR, Muck RE, Harrison JH (Eds.) Silage Science and Technology. Madison: American Society of Agronomy; Wisconsin: Crop Science Society of America. 2003; Pp: 141-198.
Chulze, S.N. Strategies to reduce mycotoxin levels in maize during storage: A review. Food additives and contaminants, 2010; 27(5): 651–657.
Dairy One. Mold and yeast interpretation fact sheet. Ithaca, NY, America.2017; 2p. http://dairyone.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Mold-and-Yeast-Interpretation-Fact
Freeze Dry Systems catalog. A Guide to Freeze Drying for Laboratory. User’s Manual. Labconco Corporation, Kansas City, Missouri, USA. 2004; 65p.
Gao, W., A. Chen, B. Zhang, P. Kong, C. Liu, J. Zhao. 2015. Rumen degradability and post-ruminal digestion of dry matter, nitrogen and amino acids of three protein supplements. Asian-Australas J. Anim. Sci. 2015; 28(4): 485–493.
Geron, L.J., L.M. Zeoula, J.A. Erkel, I.N. do Prado, R.C. Jonker, K.C. Guimaraes. Digestibility coefficient and ruminal characteristics of cattle fed ration containing brewer grain. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 2008; 37(9): 1685-1695.
Getu Kitaw, Birhan Tamir, Getnet Assefa, Getachew Animut. Production, preservation and utilization patterns of brewery spent grain in Ethiopia. Ethio. J. Agri. Sci.2018; 28(3) 1-17.
Heuzé, V., G. Tran, D. Sauvant, F. Lebas. Brewer’s grains. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. 2017; https://www.feedipedia.org/node/74.
Kamalak, A., O. Canbolat, Y. Gurbuz, O. Ozay. In situ ruminal dry matter and crude protein degradability of plant and animal derived protein sources in Southern Turkey. Small Rumin. Res. 2005; 58: 135–141.
Kazemi, M., A.M. Tahmasbi, R. Valizadeh, A.A. Naserian, G.H. Haghayegh, J.Y. Esmaeil. Studies on the effects of different chemical additives on the nutritive value of ensiled barley distillers' grain using in vitro techniques. J. Agri. and Food Sci. 2014; 2(2):19-24.
Kelzer, J.M., P.J. Kononoff, L.O. Tedeschi, T.C. Jenkins, K. Karges, M.L. Gibson. Evaluation of protein fractionation and ruminal and intestinal digestibility of corn milling co-products. J. Dairy Sci. 2010; 93: 2803–2815.
Kunze, W. Technology of Brewing and Malting, VLB, Berlin;2010.
Marston, S.P., D.A. Spangler, N.L. Whitehouse, P.S. Erickson Case study: addition of a silage preservative reduces spoilage in wet brewer’s grain. J. the Professional Animal Scientist, 2009; 25: 388–392.
McDonald, P., N. Henderson, S. Heron.. The Biochemistry of Silage. 2nd Ed. Bucks: Chalcombe Publications. 1991; 340p.
McDonald, P., R.A. Edwards, J.F.D. Greenhalgh, C.A. Morgan. Animal Nutrition. 6th ed. Longman Scientific & Technical, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA. 2002; 544p.
Meneses, N.G.T., S. Martins, J.A. Teixeira, S.I. Mussatto. Influence of extraction solvents on the recovery of antioxidant phenolic compounds from brewer’s spent grains. J. Separ Purif Technol. 2013; 108: 152– 158.
Ministry of Health (MoH). Ministry of Health, P.R. China. National Food Safety Standard, Food Microbiological Examination: Enumeration of Molds and Yeasts. Beijing, China. 2010; 7p.
Mussato, S.I., G. Dragone, I.C. Roberto. Brewers’ spent grain: generation, characteristics and potential applications. J. Cereal Sci. 2006; 43: 1–14.
Nocek, J.E. Evaluation of specific variables affecting in-situ estimates of ruminal dry matter and protein digestion. J. Anim. Sci. 1985; 60: 1347-1358.
National Research Council (NRC). National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 6th Ed. National Academic Press; Washington, DC, USA. 1989; 750p
National Research Council (NRC). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th Revised Edition. National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 2001; 406p.
Ørskov, E.R., I. McDonald. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighed according to rate of passage. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb). 1979; 92: 499– 503.
Promkot, C., M. Wanapat, P. Rowlinson. Estimation of ruminal degradation and intestinal digestion of tropical protein resources using the nylon bag technique and the three-step in vitro procedure in dairy cattle on rice straw diets. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2007; 20(12): 1849-1857.
Statistical Analysis System (SAS). SAS User’s Guide: Statistics, Version 9.3. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC; 2014.
Senthilkumar, S., T.V. Viswanathan, A.D. Mercy, P. Gangadevi, K. Ally, K. Shyama.Chemical composition of brewery waste. Tamilnadu J. Vet. & Anim. Sci. 2010; 6(1): 49-51.
Steiner, J., S. Procopio, T. Becker. Brewer’s spent grain: Source of value-added polysaccharides for the food industry in reference to the health claims, Eur. Food Res. Technol. 2015; 241: 303–315.
Tilley, J.M.A., R.A. Terry. A two-stage technique for in vitro digestion of forage crops. J. British Grassland Society,1963; 18: 104.
Van Soest, P.J., J.B. Robertson. Analysis of Forage and Fibrous Foods. A Laboratory Manual for Animal Science 613 Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA. 1985; 202p.
Waters, D.M., F. Jacob, J. Titze, E.K. Arendt, E. Zannini. Fibre, protein and mineral fortification of wheat bread through milled and fermented brewers’ spent grain enrichment, Eur. Food Res. Technol. 2012; 235: 767–778.
Westendorf, M.L., J.E. Wohlt. Brewing by-products: their use as animal feeds. Vet. Clinics N. Am.: Food Anim. Pract., 2002; 18 (2): 233–252.
Woolford, M.K. The detrimental effects of air on silage- A review. J. Appl. Bacteriol.,1990; 68: 101-116.
Xiros, C., P. Christakopoulos. 2012. Biotechnological potential of brewers spent grain and its recent applications, Waste Biomass Valorization 2012; 3, 213–232.