Comparative Study on the Esophageal Microflora of Different Tissue Types in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-153745/v1

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Comparative Study on the Esophageal Microflora of Different Tissue Types in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-153745/v1

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Objective: This study aimed to compare the differences in microbiota between the postoperative tissues and esophageal mucosa tissues of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: Seventy-two patients who had ESCC and diagnosed in Taihe Hospital were selected from July 2018 to July 2019 to participate in this work. Then, 27 postoperative tissues and 45 mucosa samples of ESCC were collected. The sequence V₄ hypervariable region was amplified, and Illumina MiSeq sequencing was performed to analyze the differences between the two groups.

Results: Results revealed that the Shannon and Chao1 indices of the postoperative esophageal cancer tissue group (Group A) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of the esophageal mucosa group (Group B). The Simpson index of Group A was higher than that of Group B, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The beta diversity of the two groups was also not significantly different (P>0.05). LEfSe analysis showed that the abundance of Megasphaera, Actinobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and Enterobacteriales in Group A was significantly higher than that in Group B, but the abundance of Mogibacteriaceae in Group B was significantly higher than that in Group A (P<0.05). At the phylum level, Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobiae were more abundant in the postoperative tissue group than in the esophageal mucosa group. The abundance of Fusobacteriia, SR1, and Spirochaetes in the postoperative tissue group was significantly lower than that of the esophageal mucosa group(P<0.05).

Conclusion: The source of the sample should be considered in studies on the esophageal flora. More relevant findings were obtained from postoperative tissues than from the normal mucosa.

General Microbiology

Applied & Industrial Microbiology

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Postoperative tissue

Esophageal mucosa

16sRNA

High-throughput sequencing

Table 1 Basic information of included researchers
Group	n	Gender		P -value^#	Age			P -value*
		M	F		Min	Max	Average
Group A	27	23	4	0.933	36	77	62.5	0.251
Group B	45	38	7		37	85	65.4
Notes: M: male, F: female; Group A: esophageal cancer postoperative tissue; Group B: esophageal mucosa group; # Chi-square test *: t-test for independent samples;

Table 2 Significant differences in phylum levels between the two groups (mean±sd)
name	Group A	Group B	Q	P-value*
Actinobacteria	3.5%	2.9%	0.072	0.030
Fusobacteria	0.9%	5.1%	0.000	0.000
SR1	0.0%	0.2%	0.020	0.003
Spirochaetes	1.7%	2.1%	0.022	0.007
Verrucomicrobia	0.6%	0.4%	0.021	0.005
Notes: Group A:esophageal cancer postoperative tissue; Group B:esophageal mucosa group; *:Wilcoxon.test

Table 3 Significant differences in genus levels between the two groups (mean±sd)
name	Group A	Group B	Q	P -value*
Bifidobacterium	1.1%	1.5%	0.002	0.001
Collinsella	0.2%	0.1%	0.002	0.001
Bacteroides	15.6%	4.9%	0.000	0.000
Parabacteroides	1.1%	0.4%	0.001	0.000
Porphyromonas	0.2%	2.2%	0.001	0.000
Prevotella	6.3%	17.0%	0.003	0.001
Butyricimonas	0.2%	0.1%	0.000	0.000
Paraprevotella	0.2%	0.1%	0.001	0.000
Prevotella	1.9%	4.4%	0.000	0.000
Gemella	0.3%	0.0%	0.020	0.011
Enterococcus	1.9%	0.5%	0.034	0.020
Blautia	0.4%	0.1%	0.000	0.000
Catonella	0.0%	0.4%	0.000	0.000
Coprococcus	0.3%	0.1%	0.000	0.000
Lachnospira	0.7%	0.4%	0.014	0.007
Oribacterium	0.1%	0.2%	0.023	0.013
Roseburia	0.5%	0.3%	0.005	0.002
Ruminococcus	0.4%	0.2%	0.006	0.003
Peptostreptococcus	0.2%	0.9%	0.001	0.000
Faecalibacterium	1.0%	0.4%	0.002	0.001
Oscillospira	0.4%	0.1%	0.001	0.000
Ruminococcus	0.6%	0.4%	0.001	0.000
Megamonas	1.3%	0.6%	0.001	0.000
Megasphaera	0.3%	0.1%	0.023	0.013
Phascolarctobacterium	1.3%	0.5%	0.000	0.000
Selenomonas	0.6%	6.2%	0.001	0.000
Parvimonas	0.0%	0.3%	0.002	0.001
Fusobacterium	0.7%	4.1%	0.000	0.000
Leptotrichia	0.1%	1.0%	0.001	0.000
Sutterella	0.8%	0.3%	0.001	0.000
Ralstonia	0.0%	0.2%	0.024	0.014
Campylobacter	0.3%	1.3%	0.014	0.007
Actinobacillus	0.4%	2.8%	0.006	0.003
Treponema	1.7%	2.1%	0.013	0.006
Akkermansia	0.6%	0.4%	0.010	0.005
Notes: Group A: esophageal cancer postoperative tissue; Group B: esophageal mucosa group; *:Wilcoxon.test

Table 4 Comparison of Phenotype Classification Based on BugBase
BugBase	KS_pvalue
Aerobic	0.603
Anaerobic	0.418
Contains-Mobile-Elements	0.945
Facultatively-Anaerobic	0.314
Forms-Biofilms	0.890
Gram-Negetive	0.039
Gram-Positive	0.039
Potentially-pathogenic	0.555
Stress-Tolerant	0.936

No competing interests reported.

FigureS1.tif
Venn diagram showing the distribution of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) detected in the two groups Notes: Group A (blue) is the esophageal cancer postoperative tissue group, and Group B (yellow) is the esophageal mucosa group.
FigureS2.tif
Comparison of the two groups of phenotypic classification based on BugBase Note: A:Gram-positive bacteria and B: Gram-negative bacteria. Group A: postoperative tissue group. Group B: esophageal mucosa group
TableS1.docx
TableS2.docx
TableS3.docx

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Comparative Study on the Esophageal Microflora of Different Tissue Types in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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