1. Macdonald G. The epidemiology and control of malaria. 1957. (Oxford Univ. Press, 1957).
2. WHO| World Malaria Report. 2016. WHO Available at: http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2016/report/en/. (Accessed: 9th May 2017).
3. Bhatt S, Weiss DJ, Cameron E, Bisanzio D, Mappin B, Dalrymple U, et al. The effect of malaria control on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa between 2000 and 2015. Nature. 2015;526:207–11.
4. Ranson H, Lissenden N. Insecticide resistance in African Anopheles mosquitoes: a worsening situation that needs urgent action to maintain malaria control. Trends Parasitol. 2016;32:187–96.
5. WHO | Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016–2030. WHO Available at: http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/9789241564991/en/. (Accessed: 24th November 2017).
6. WHO | Malaria vector control and personal protection. WHO Available at: http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/who_trs_936/en/. (Accessed: 9th May 2017).
7. Ranson H, N’Guessan R, Lines J, Moiroux N, Nkuni Z, Corbel V. Pyrethroid resistance in African anopheline mosquitoes: what are the implications for malaria control? Trends Parasitol. 2011;27:91–8.
8. Corbel V, Raphael N’Guessan. "Distribution, mechanisms, impact and management of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors: a pragmatic review." Anopheles mosquitoes-New insights into malaria vectors. IntechOpen, 2013.
9. Djogbénou L, Pasteur N, Akogbéto M, Weill M, Chandre F. Insecticide resistance in the Anopheles gambiae complex in Benin: a nationwide survey. Med Vet Entomol. 2011;25.3:256–67.
10. Edi CV, Koudou BG, Jones CM, Weetman D, Ranson H. Multiple-insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, Southern Cote d’Ivoire. Emerging infectious diseases. 2012;18:1508.
11.Viana M, Hughes A, Matthiopoulos J, Ranson H, Ferguson HM. Delayed mortality effects cut the malaria transmission potential of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2016;113:8975–8980.
12. WHO Global plan. for insecticide resistance management in malaria vectors. (World Health Organization, 2012).
13. Kelly-Hope L, Ranson H, Hemingway J. Lessons from the past: managing insecticide resistance in malaria control and eradication programmes. The Lancet infectious diseases. 2008;8:387–9.
14. Glunt KD, Thomas MB, Read AF. The effects of age, exposure history and malaria infection on the susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to low concentrations of pyrethroid. PLoS ONE. 2011;6:9.
15. Chouaibou MS, Chabi J, Bingham GV, Knox TB, N’Dri L, Kesse NB, et al. Increase in susceptibility to insecticides with aging of wild Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes from Côte d’Ivoire. BMC Infect Dis. 2012;12:214.
16. Bagi J, Grisales N, Corkill R, Morgan JC, N’Falé S, Brogdon WG, et al. When a discriminating dose assay is not enough: measuring the intensity of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. Malar J. 2015;14:210.
17. Chouaibou MS, et al. Increase in susceptibility to insecticides with aging of wild Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes from Côte d’Ivoire. BMC infectious diseases. 2012;12.1:214.
18. Chouaïbou M, Zivanovic GB, Knox TB, Jamet HP, Bonfoh B. Synergist bioassays: A simple method for initial metabolic resistance investigation of field Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations. Acta Trop. 2014;130:108–11.
19. Santolamazza F, Mancini E, Simard F, et al. Insertion polymorphisms of SINE200 retrotransposons within speciation islands of Anopheles gambiae molecular forms. Malaria Journal. 2008;7(1):163.
20. Addinsoft. (2020). XLSTAT 2019.4.1 statistical and data analysis solution. New York, USA. https://www.xlstat.com.
21. Garrett-Jones C. Prognosis for Interruption of Malaria Transmission Through Assessment of the Mosquito’s Vectorial Capacity. Nature. 1964;204:1173–5.
22. Djogbénou L, Noel V, Agnew P. Costs of insensitive acetylcholinesterase insecticide resistance for the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae homozygous for the G119S mutation. Malaria Journal. 2010;9:12.
23. Berticat C, Boquien G, Raymond M, Chevillon C. Insecticide resistance genes induce a mating competition cost in Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Genetics Research. 2002;79:41–7.
24. Brown ZS, Dickinson KL, Kramer RA. Insecticide resistance and malaria vector control: the importance of fitness cost mechanisms in determining economically optimal control trajectories. Journal of economic entomology. 2013;106:366–74.
25. Alam M, Waqas Sumra M, Ahmad D, Shah RM, Binyameen M, Ali Shad S, Selection. Realized Heritability, and Fitness Cost Associated With Dimethoate Resistance in a Field Population of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of economic entomology. 2017;110:1252–8.
26. Rivero A, Vezilier J, Weill M, Read AF, Gandon S. Insecticide control of vector-borne diseases: when is insecticide resistance a problem? PLoS pathogens. 2010;6.8.
27. Glunt KD, Coetzee M, Huijben S, Koffi AA, Lynch PA, N’Guessan R, et al. Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide-treated bed-nets. Evol Appl. 2018;11:431–41.
28. Stearns SC. The evolution of life history traits: a critique of the theory and a review of the data. Annu Rev Ecol Syst. 1977;8:145–71.
29. Rivero A, Magaud A, Nicot A, Vézilier J. Energetic cost of insecticide resistance in Culex pipiens mosquitoes. J Med Entomol. 2011;48:694–700.
30. Assogba BS, Milesi P, Djogbénou LS, Berthomieu A, Makoundou P, Baba-Moussa LS, et al. The ace-1 locus is amplified in all resistant Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes: fitness consequences of homogeneous and heterogeneous duplications. PLoS biology. 2016;14 (12).
31. Assogba BS, Djogbénou LS, Milesi P, Berthomieu A, Perez J, Ayala D, et al. An ace-1 gene duplication resorbs the fitness cost associated with resistance in Anopheles gambiae, the main malaria mosquito. Scientific reports. 2015;5:14529.
32. Lenormand T, Guillemaud T, Bourguet D, Raymond M. Appearance and sweep of a gene duplication: Adaptative response and potential for new functions in the mosquito Culex pipiens. Evolution. 1998;52:1705–12.
33. Huijben S, Paaijmans KP. Putting evolution in elimination: Winning our ongoing battle with evolving malaria mosquitoes and parasites. Evol Appl. 2018;11:415–30.
34. Birget PLG, Koella JC. A genetic model of the effects of insecticide-treated bed-nets on the evolution of insecticide-resistance. Evolution, medicine, and public health. 2015; 205–15.
35. Govella NJ, Okumu FO, Killeen GF. Insecticide-treated nets can reduce malaria transmission by mosquitoes which feed outdoors. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010;82:415–9.
36. Oliver SV, Brooke BD. The role of oxidative stress in the longevity and insecticide resistance phenotype of the major malaria vectors Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus. PLoS One. 2016;11(3).
37. Martindale JL, Holbrook NJ. Cellular response to oxidative stress: signaling for suicide and survival. Journal of cellular physiology. 2002;192:1–15.
38. Monaghan P, Metcalfe NB, Torres R. Oxidative stress as a mediator of life history trade-offs: mechanisms, measurements and interpretation. Ecology letters. 2009;12:75–92.
39. Raymond M, Berticat C, Weill M, Pasteur N, Chevillon C. Insecticide resistance in the mosquito culex pipiens: what have we learned about adaptation? Genetica. 2001; 112–113, 287–296.
40. Otali D, Novak RJ, Wan W, Bu S, Moellering DR, De Luca M. Increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and reduced adult life span in an insecticide-resistant strain of Anopheles gambiae. Bull Entomol Res. 2014;104:323–33.
41. Jones CM, Sanou A, Guelbeogo WM, Sagnon N, Johnson PC, Ranson H. Aging partially restores the efficacy of malaria vector control in insecticide-resistant populations of Anopheles gambiae sl. from Burkina Faso. Malar J. 2012;11:24.
42. Lines JD, Nassor NS. DDT resistance in Anopheles gambiae declines with mosquito age. Med Vet Entomol. 1991;5:261–5.
43. Khokhlova IS, Pilosof S, Fielden LJ, Degen AA, Krasnov BR. A trade-off between quantity and quality of offspring in haematophagous ectoparasites: the effect of the level of specialization. Journal of animal ecology. 2014;83:397–405.
44. Garret-Jones C, Shidrawi GR. Malaria vectorial capacity of a population of Anopheles gambiae. Bull World Health Organ. 1969;40:531–45.
45. Read AF, Lynch PA, Thomas MB. How to make evolution-proof insecticides for malaria control. PLoS biology. 2009;7(4).
46. Koella JC, Lynch PA, Thomas MB, Read AF. Towards evolution-proof malaria control with insecticides. Evol Appl. 2009;2:469–80.
47. Edi CV, Djogbénou L, Jenkins AM, Regna K, Muskavitch MAT, Poupardin R, et al. CYP6 P450 Enzymes and ACE-1 Duplication Produce Extreme and Multiple Insecticide Resistance in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiae. PLOS Genetics. 2014; 10(3).