Abbassy MMS (2018) Distribution pattern of persistent organic pollutants in aquatic ecosystem at the Rosetta Nile branch estuary into the Mediterranean Sea, North of Delta, Egypt. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 131, 115-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.049
Abdelhady AA, Abdelrahman E, Elewa AMT, Fan J, Zhang S, Xiao, J (2018) Phenotypic plasticity of the gastropod Melanoides tuberculata: A pollution-induced stabilizing selection. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 133, 701-710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.06.026
Abdelhady AA, Khalil MM, Ismail E, Mohamed R, Ali A, Snousy M, Fan J, Zhang S, Yanhong L, Xiao, J (2019a) Potential biodiversity threats associated with the metal pollution in the Nile-Delta ecosystem (Manzala lagoon, Egypt). Ecol. Indic. 98, 844-853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.12.002
Abdelhady AA, Khalil MM, Ismail E, Fan D, Zhang S., Xiao J (2019b). Water chemistry and substrate type as major determinants for molluscan feeding habit and life-mode in lagoon sediments. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 220, 120-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2019.02.019
Abdo MH (2002.) Environmental studies on Rosetta branch and some chemical applications at the area extend from El-Kanater El-Khyria to Kafr El-Zayt city. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Egypt, 187 pp.
Branica M, Peharec Ž, Kwokal Ž (1985) Concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu in the surface waters of the Adriatic Sea (1980 cruise of the R/V „Andrija Mohorovičić“). Rapp. Comm. int. Mer médit. (Monaco). Rapport du 29e Congres de la CIESM. CIESM,Monaco, pp. 109–110.
Carrascal LM, Galvan I, Gordo O (2009) Partial least squares regression as an alternative to current regression methods used in ecology. Oikos 118, 681–690. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.16881.x
Chariton AA, Stephenson S, Morgan MJ, Steven AD, Colloff MJ, Court N, Hardy CM (2015) Metabarcoding of benthic eukaryote communities predicts the ecological condition of estuaries. Environ. Pollut. 203,165-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.047
Chen Z, Salem A, Xu Z, Zhang W (2010) Ecological implications of heavy metalconcentrations in the sediments of Burullus Lagoon of Nile Delta, Egypt. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 86, 491–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.09.018
Cooper J (2014) The Medieval Nile: Route, Navigation, and Landscape in Islamic Egypt. The American University in Cairo Press. p. 76
Dean RJ, Shimmield TM, Black KD (2007) Copper, zinc and cadmium in marine cage fish farm sediments: an extensive survey. Environ. Pollut. 145, 84-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.050
Di Toro DM, McGrath JA, Hansen DJ (2000) Technical basis for narcotic chemicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon criteria. I. Water and tissue. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 19(8), 1951-1970.
Dumont HJ (2009) A description of the Nile Basin and a synopsis of its history, ecology, biogeography, hydrology, and natural resources. In: Dumont HJ (ed), The Nile: Origin, environments, limnology, and human use, Ghent: Springer pp. 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9726-3_1
El-Barbary AA, El-Bouraie MM, Yehia MM (2008) Evaluation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in surface water and bed sediment samples from the River Nile at Rosetta branch. J Appl Sci Res, 4, 1985–1993.
El Bouraie MM, El Barbary AA, Yehia MM, Motawea EA (2010) Heavy metal concentrations in surface river water and bed sediments at Nile Delta in Egypt. Suoseura 61, 1–12.
Ezzat SM, Mahdy HM, Abo-state MA, Abd El-Shakour EH, El-Bahnasawy MA (2012) Water quality assessment of River Nile at Rosetta branch. Impact of drains discharge. Middle-East J Sci Res 12(4):413–423. DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2012.12.4.1694.
Fichet, D., Radenac, G., Miramand, P., 1998. Experimental studies of impacts of harbour sediments resuspension to marine invertebrates larvae: bioavailability of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn and toxicity. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 36, 509-518. DOI: 10.1016/S0025-326X(97)00190-2.
Fishar M (2018) Nile Delta (Egypt). In: Finlayson C, Milton G, Prentice R, Davidson N (ed) The Wetland Book. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4001-3_216.
Förstner U, Wittmann GTW (1981) Metal Pollution in the Aquatic Environment. 2nd ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Galloway JM (1979) Alteration of trace metals geochemical cycles due to the marine discharges of wastewaters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 43, 207-218.
Garrels RM, Mackenzie FT, Hunt C (1975) Chemical Cycles and the Global Environment - Assessing Human Influences. W. Kaufman, Inc., Los Altos, USA.
Gu J, Salem A, Chen Z (2013) Lagoons of the Nile delta, Egypt, heavy metal sink: with a special reference to the Yangtze estuary of China. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 117,282–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2012.06.012
Hatje V, Birch GF, Hill DM (2001) Spatial and temporal variability of particulate trace metals in Port Jackson Estuary, Australia. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 53, 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0792
Hereher ME (2010) Vulnerability of the Nile Delta to sea level rise: an assessment using remote sensing. Geomatics, Nat. Hazards Risk 1:4, 315-321. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2010.516912
Kalantzi I, Shimmield TM, Pergantis SA, Papageorgiou N, Black KD., Karakassis I (2013) Heavy metals, trace elements and sediment geochemistry at four Mediterranean fish farms. Sci. Total Environ. 444:128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.020
Kalantzi I, Papageorgiou N, Sevastou K, Black KD, Pergantis SA, Karakassis I (2014) Metals in benthic macrofauna and biogeochemical factors affecting their trophic transfer to wildfish around fish farm cages. Sci. Total Environ. 470–471,742–753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.020
Karatas M, Dursun S, Guler E, Ozdemir C, Emin AM (2006.) Heavy metal accumulation in wheat plants irrigated by wastewater. Cellulose Chem. Technol., 40 (7): 575-579.
Keshta AE, Shaltout KH, Baldwinb AH, Sharaf El-Din AA (2020.) Sediment clays are trapping heavy metals in urban lakes: An indicator for severe industrial and agricultural influence on coastal wetlands at the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 151, 10816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110816
Khater AE, Kitamura Y, Shimizu K, Somura H, Abou El Hassan WH (2014) Improving water quality in the Nile Delta irrigation network by regulating reuse of agricultural drainage water. J. Food Agric. Environ. 12 (3&4), 329-337.
Korfali SI, Davies BE (2003) A comparison of metals in sediments and water in the River Nahr-Ibrahim, Lebanon: 1996 and 1999. Environ. Geochem. Health, 25, 41-50.
Long ER, Morgan LG (1990) The potential for biological effects of sediment-sorbed contaminants tested in the National Status and Trends Program. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOS OMA 52. US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, 175 pp.
Long ER, Robertson A, Wolfe DA., Hameedi J, Sloane GM (1996) Estimates of the spatial extent of sediment toxicity in major US estuaries. Environ. Sci. Technol. 30, 3585-3592.
Mosbahi N, Serbaji MM, Pezy J, Neifara L, Dauvin J (2019) Response of benthic macrofauna to multiple anthropogenic pressures in the shallow coastal zone south of Sfax (Tunisia, central Mediterranean Sea). Environ. Pollut., 253, 474-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.080
MWRI (2010) Water Resources Development and Management Strategy in Egypt – 2050, in Arabic, Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Cairo, Egypt.
Negm AM, Saavedra O, El-Adawy A (2017) Nile Delta Biography: Challenges and Opportunities. In: Negm, A (ed) The Nile Delta, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 55, pp. 1–16. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56124-0.
O'Brien AL, Keough MJ (2013) Detecting benthic community responses to pollution in estuaries: A field mesocosm approach. Environ.Pollut., 175, 45-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2012.11.038
Oczkowski A, Nixon S (2008) Increasing nutrient concentrations and the rise and fall of a coastal fishery, a review of data from the Nile Delta, Egypt. Estuarine, Shelf Coastal Sci. 77, 309–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.11.028
Quintino V, Rodrigues AM, Gentil F (1989) Assessment of macrozoobenthic communities in the lagoon of Óbidos, western coast of Portugal. Sci. Mar. 53, 645–654.
Radix P, Leonard M, Papantoniou C, Roman G, Saouter E, Gallotti-Schmitt S, Thiebaud H, Vasseur P (2000) Comparison of four chronic toxicity tests using algae, bacteria, and invertebrates assessed with sixteen chemicals. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 47, 186-194. DOI: 10.1006/eesa.2000.1966.
Rainbow PS, Phillips DJH (1993) Cosmopolitan biomonitors of trace metals. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 26, 593-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(93)90497-8.
Rainbow PS (1995) Biomonitoring of Heavy Metal Availability in the Marine Environment. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 31, 183-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(95)00116-5
Rodrigues SK, Abessa DM, Rodrigues APDC, Soares-Gomes A, Freitas CB, Santelli RE, Freire, AS, Machado W (2017) Sediment quality in a metal-contaminated tropical bay assessed with a multiple lines of evidence approach. Environ. Pollut. 228, 265-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.045
Ryu J, Khim JS, Kang SG, Kang D, Lee CH, Koh CH (2011) The impact of heavy metal pollution gradients in sediments on benthic macrofauna at population and community levels. Environ. Pollut. 159(10), 2622-2629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.05.034
Schropp SJ, Graham Lewis F, Windom HL, et al. (1990) Interpretation of metal concentrations in estuarine sediments of Florida using aluminum as a reference element. Estuaries 13, 227–235. https://doi.org/10.2307/1351913
Simkiss K, Taylor MG (1989) Convergence of cellular-systems of metal detoxification. Mar. Environ. Research 28, 211-214.
Theodoridis S, Koutroumbas K (2008) Pattern Recognition. Academic Press (4th ed.), Elseveier.
Zelditch ML, Swiderski DL, Sheets HD (2012) Geometric Morphometrics for Biologists: A Primer. Elsevier Academic Press, London.
Zhang WG, Feng H, Chang J, Qu JG, Xie HX, Yu LZ (2009) Heavy metal contamination in surface sediment of Yangtze River intertidal zone: an assessment from different indexes. Environ. Pollut. 157, 1533–1543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.01.007