Self-management strategies and multicomponent training to mitigate the effects of the physical exercise programs interruption in the pandemic context on functionality, sedentary behavior, physical capacity, mental health, body composition and quality of life in older adults: a blinded randomized controlled study protocol

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1847663/v1

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Self-management strategies and multicomponent training to mitigate the effects of the physical exercise programs interruption in the pandemic context on functionality, sedentary behavior, physical capacity, mental health, body composition and quality of life in older adults: a blinded randomized controlled study protocol

https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1847663/v1

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Background: Considering the confinement recommended by the World Health Organization due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19, community physical exercise programs for older adults had their activities cancelled. In this context, proposing strategies to recover possible adverse effects of confinement period are pertinent. The use of self-management strategies associated with regular physical activity reduces the sedentary behavior and improves the physical capacity in older adults. Thus, the purpose of this study was to describe a multicomponent training program combined with self management strategies protocol to mitigate the effects of the physical exercise programs interruption on functionality, physical capacity, mental health, body composition and quality of life in older adults

Methods: This will be a blinded, randomized and controlled clinical trial. Eighty older adults will be divided into two groups: multicomponent training(Multi) and multicomponent training+ self-management strategies(Multi+SM). The intervention will be performed in 16-weeks, on three alternate days of every week, with 50-min sessions. The assessment of physical capacity will be performed before the physical Page 2 of 17 exercise programs interruption (T0- initial assessment-March/2020), pre-intervention (T1- immediately after the exercise program return) and post intervention (T2). The assessments of physical activity level, quality of life, mental health, functionality and body composition will be performed in T1 and T2.

Discussion: The results from this MC+SM protocol will allow to contribute with clinical support to evaluate the variables analyzed, and to guide future public health policies, aiming at minimizing the possible deleterious effects arising from the physical exercise interruption periods caused by epidemics and pandemics

Trial registration: Prospectively registered.

Registry Name: Use of self-management strategies combined with multicomponent training to mitigate the effects of social distance from COVID-19 on capacity, physical capacity, mental health and quality of life in the older adults - A blind, randomized and controlled clinical trial.

Registration Number: RBR-10zs97gk

Date of Registration: 17Jun2021

URL: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-10zs97gk

Covid-19

confinement

older adults

multicomponent exercise

self-management

Table 1. Multicomponent Training

Training Component	Exercise	Intensity	Progression
Warm-up (10’)	Walk, and exercises with music and a ball	Increased progressively at moderate-to-vigorous intensity (according to each individual’s fitness levels).	The progression will be performed by the BORG scale, and activities with moderate intensity will be considered from 4-6 points and intense activity as 7-9 points
Balance (10’)	Walk in tandem, and dynamic balance circuits of direction and speed and surface changes	--	Progressive difficulty as tolerated and the progression of these exercises will be performed in relation to the support base, walk in circles, and change of direction with increased speed
Muscular Strengthening (20’)	Strengthening for the upper limbs, calf exercises; lunges; sit-ups; squats; step up and step down	1-3 sets of 8–12 repetitions, major muscle groups	The exercises load will progress according to the individual's suitability for the initial load
Flexibility/cool down (10’)	Stretching of major muscle groups and breathing exercises	30-60s of static stretching	--

Adapted from Buto et. al., 2009 ³⁹.

Table 2. Overview of outcomes, outcome measures, instruments and assessment time

Outcomes	Outcome measures	Instrument	Assessment time
Personal information	Age, sex, educational background, and medical conditions	Self-reported	T0, T1, T2
Body Mass Index	Height and Weight	Stadiometer/Weighing Scale	T0, T1, T2
Body Composition	Lean mass and relative muscle mass	Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	T1, T2
Functionality	Cognition, mobility, self-care, interpersonal relationships, living and household activities and participation	WHODAS 2.0	T1, T2
Physical Capacity	Timed Up and Go (time); handgrip strength; MMII strength; balance and 6-minute walk test (distance walked)	Timed Up and Go (TUG); manual dynamometer; 30-second sit and stand test; unipodal test; and 6-minute walk test	T0, T1, T2
Mental Health	Depressive symptoms and stress perception	Geriatric Depression Scale – GSD-15; and Perceived Stress Scale- (PSS-10)	T1, T2
Physical activity level and sedentary behavior	Energy expenditure (MET/hour), number of steps, cadence, transferences, and the time spent in each posture.	Accelerometry system activPAL3TM actigraph (PAL Technologies Ltd., Glasgow, UK)	T1, T2
Mobility	Life space	Life Space Assessment (LSA)	T1, T2
Quality of life	Quality of life	WHOQOL	T1, T2

Adapted from SITLESS protocol ¹⁶.

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Reviewers agreed at journal
16 Aug, 2022
Reviewers invited by journal
16 Aug, 2022
Editor assigned by journal
08 Aug, 2022
First submitted to journal
11 Jul, 2022

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