Of the 24,298 ICU stays in the OutcomeReaTM cohort, 677 (2.8%) involved HIV patients, including 47 readmissions. The study cohort thus comprises 630 first stays (Figure 1).
The median age of patients was 46.7 years [38; 55] and 69.8% were men. Approximately 7% of patients had each of the four main comorbidities of Knaus (hepatic, cardiovascular, renal, respiratory); 14.4% of the patients had received prior anti-cancer chemotherapy. The median SOFA at admission was 5 [2; 8]. The main reasons for admission were acute respiratory distress (35.6%), shock (18.7%) and coma (17.4%); an infection was diagnosed in 54.3% of cases, mostly pneumonia (52.3% of infections) (Table 1).
Among these admissions, 199 (37.8%) were related to an AIDS-classifying condition, and 59 (11.2%) to a HANA disease, while 268 (51%) were not directly related to HIV. Overall, 468 (74.3%) patients had a confirmed AIDS, and 232 (51.1%) were not controlled, despite the administration of ART on admission in 313 (58.9%) cases. The median duration of HIV disease prior to admission was 11 years [3; 17], the median last CD4 count and median last viral load were 242/mm3 [90; 437] and 2 Log [0; 4.6], respectively (Table 2).
The ICU stay lasted 5 [3; 11] days in median; 45.6% of the patients were mechanically ventilated during their stay, 29% received vasopressors and 18.9% required renal replacement therapy. Of note, ART was maintained in two cases out of three (68.6%). Finally, 169 (26.8%) patients died before day 60, including 56 (8.9%) life support limitations.
- Impact of periods of ICU stay
Over the three periods, there was a significant decrease in the proportion of HIV patients admitted to intensive care (3.2% versus 2.3%, p = 0.001, adjusted for centers).
As reported in Table 1, the mean age of patients at admission increased over time (44.2 years versus 51.6 years, p<0.001). There was also an increase over time in the prevalence of most comorbidities, such as diabetes, obesity, solid neoplasia or cardiovascular, renal and respiratory diseases. The SOFA prognostic score at admission to ICU remained stable over time, as did the distribution of the main reasons for admission.
Table 1: General baseline data, overall and by period, of the HIV cohort from OutcomeReaTM
|
Global
(n=630)
|
1997 – 2006
(n=215)
|
2007 – 2015
(n=336)
|
2016 – 2020
(n=79)
|
p-value
|
Age (year)
|
46.7 [38 ; 55]
|
41.8 [36 ; 51]
|
48.1 [39 ; 55]
|
54.3 [44 ; 58]
|
<0.001
|
Body mass index
|
21.8 [19 ; 25]
|
20.8 [19 ; 23]
|
22.7 [20 ; 25]
|
23 [20 ; 27]
|
<0.001
|
Katz Independence Scale
|
6 [6 ; 6]
|
NA
|
6 [6 ; 6]
|
6 [6 ; 6]
|
0.991
|
Sex (male)
|
440 (69.8%)
|
143 (66.5%)
|
242 (72%)
|
55 (69.6%)
|
0.350
|
Diabetes
|
48 (7.6%)
|
3 (1.4%)
|
35 (10.4%)
|
10 (12.7%)
|
<0.001
|
Obesity
|
34 (5.9%)
|
4 (2.5%)
|
18 (5.4%)
|
12 (15.2%)
|
<0.001
|
Substance abuse
|
79 (13.7%)
|
30 (18.6%)
|
40 (12%)
|
9 (11.4%)
|
0.464
|
Precariousness (n=55, 206, 59)
|
221 (69.1%)
|
40 (72.7%)
|
142 (68.9%)
|
40 (66.1%)
|
0.446
|
Hepatitis :
- B
- C
|
25 (4%)
66 (10.5%)
|
6 (2.8%)
13 (6%)
|
18 (5.4%)
46 (13.7%)
|
1 (1.3%)
7 (8.9%)
|
0.901
0.098
|
Chronic disease (KNAUS) :
- Hepatic
- Cardiovascular
- Renal
- Respiratory
|
47 (7.5%)
45 (7.1%)
41 (6.5%)
43 (6.8%)
|
11 (5.1%)
8 (3.7%)
7 (3.3%)
4 (1.9%)
|
30 (8.9%)
31 (9.2%)
27 (8%)
31 (9.2%)
|
6 (7.6%)
6 (7.6%)
7 (8.9%)
8 (10.1%)
|
0.229
0.066
0.027
0.001
|
Solid neoplasia
|
23 (3.6%)
|
1 (0.5%)
|
15 (4.5%)
|
7 (8.9%)
|
<0.001
|
Non-AIDS hemopathy
|
8 (1.5%)
|
1 (0.7%)
|
5 (1.6%)
|
2 (2.7%)
|
0.134
|
Pre-admission immunosuppression (excluding HIV/AIDS) :
- Aplasia
- Corticoid
- Anti-cancer chemotherapy
- SOT
- Other
|
28 (4.4%)
21 (3.3%)
91 (14.4%)
6 (0.9%)
16 (2.5%)
|
11 (5.1%)
5 (2.3%)
26 (12.1%)
0
0
|
14 (4.2%)
12 (3.6%)
56 (16.7%)
4 (1.2%)
10 (3%)
|
3 (3.8%)
4 (5.1%)
9 (11.4%)
2 (2.5%)
6 (7.6%)
|
0.560
0.226
0.644
0.037
<0.001
|
Pre-ICU hospitalization stay (day)
|
1 [1 ; 3]
|
1 [1 ; 5]
|
1 [1 ; 3]
|
1 [1 ; 2]
|
0.324
|
Medical reason for ICU admission
|
591 (94%)
|
199 (92.6%)
|
318 (94.6%)
|
74 (94.9%)
|
0.309
|
SOFA upon ICU admission
|
5 [2 ; 8]
|
5 [3 ; 8]
|
5 [2 ; 8]
|
6 [1 ; 9]
|
0.668
|
Main purpose for ICU admission :*
- Multivisceral failure
- Septic shock
- Hemorrhagic shock
- Cardiogenic shock
- Shock (other)
- Acute respiratory distress
- COPD decompensation
- Acute renal failure
- Coma
- Continuous monitoring
- Scheduled surgery
|
12 (1.9%)
77 (12.3%)
14 (2.2%)
8 (1.3%)
18 (2.9%)
223 (35.6%)
4 (0.6%)
53 (8.5%)
109 (17.4%)
103 (16.4%)
5 (0.8%)
|
6 (2.8%)
19 (8.9%)
6 (2.8%)
4 (1.9%)
6 (2.8%)
85 (39.7%)
0
14 (6.5%)
40 (18.7%)
33 (15.4%)
1 (0.5%)
|
3 (0.9%)
48 (14.4%)
6 (1.8%)
2 (0.6%)
10 (3%)
106 (31.7%)
4 (1.2%)
34 (10.2%)
57 (17.1%)
60 (18%)
4 (1.2%)
|
3 (3.8%)
10 (12.8%)
2 (2.6%)
2 (2.6%)
2 (2.6%)
32 (41%)
0
5 (6.4%)
12 (15.4%)
10 (12.8%)
0
|
0.626
|
Syndromic diagnosis on admission :*
- Infection
- Bacteremia
- Pneumonia
- Meningitis
- Cardiovascular
- Cardiorespiratory arrest
- Acute lung edema
- Myocardial infarction
- Stroke
|
342 (54.3%)
29 (4.6%)
179 (28.4%)
52 (8.2%)
40 (6.3%)
19 (3%)
13 (2.1%)
3 (0.5%)
5 (0.8%)
|
131 (60.9%)
15 (7%)
80 (37.2%)
27 (12.6%)
14 (6.5%)
6 (2.8%)
4 (1.9%)
3 (1.4%)
1 (0.5%)
|
166 (49.5%)
9 (2.7%)
74 (22%)
16 (4.8%)
22 (6.5%)
9 (2.7%)
9 (2.7%)
0
4 (1.2%)
|
45 (57%)
5 (6.3%)
25 (31.6%)
9 (11.4%)
4 (5.1%)
4 (5.1%)
0
0
0
|
0.133
0.882
|
Abbreviations: AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) ; COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) ; HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) ; SOFA (sepsis-related organ failure assessment) ; SOT (solid organ transplant)
*: only one proposition for each patient
Table 2: HIV-related data, overall and by period, of the HIV cohort from OutcomeReaTM
|
Global
(n=630)
|
1997 – 2006
(n=215)
|
2007 – 2015
(n=336)
|
2016 – 2020
(n=79)
|
p-value
|
AIDS
|
468 (74.3%)
|
166 (76.7%)
|
166 (76.7%)
|
53 (67.1%)
|
0.123
|
HIV status (n=116, 267, 71) :
- De novo
- Known, uncontrolled
- Known, controlled
|
78 (17.2%)
232 (51.1%)
144 (31.7%)
|
33 (28.4%)
57 (49.1%)
26 (22.4%)
|
38 (14.2%)
151 (56.5%)
78 (29.2%)
|
7 (9.8%)
24 (33.8%)
40 (56.3%)
|
<0.001
|
Duration of HIV progression (n=106, 247, 58)
|
11 [3 ; 17]
|
5 [2 ; 13]
|
12 [5 ; 17]
|
18 [7 ; 25]
|
<0.001
|
Last CD4 count (n=66, 168, 48)
|
242 [90 ; 437]
|
223 [104 ; 400]
|
228 [81 ; 400]
|
324 [130 ; 539]
|
0.014
|
Last HIV viral load (n=52, 158, 50)
|
2 [0 ; 4.6]
|
3.1 [0 ; 5.1]
|
2.3 [0 ; 4.6]
|
0 [0 ; 2]
|
0.004
|
Antiretroviral treatment at admission (n=71, 188, 54) :
- Therapeutic class :
- NRTI
- PI
- INI
- Pre-resuscitation patient attitude :
- Non-compliance (n=79, 226, 65)
- ART for > 6 months (n=83, 218, 63)
|
313 (58.9%)
298 (56%)
185 (34.8%)
68 (12.8%)
137 (37%)
255 (70%)
|
71 (47.6%)
70 (47%)
41 (27.5%)
0
24 (30.4%)
60 (72.3%)
|
188 (61%)
175 (56.8%)
127 (41.2%)
39 (12.7%)
89 (39.4%)
148 (67.9%)
|
54 (72%)
53 (70.7%)
17 (22.7%)
29 (38.7%)
24 (36.9%)
47 (74.6%)
|
<0.001
0.854
|
History of AIDS-classifying condition (n=526) :*
- Infection (patient) :
- Pneumocystis
- Tuberculosis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Cytomegalovirus
- Cryptococcosis
- Candidiasis
- Varicella-Zona Virus
- Cryptosporidiosis/Microsporidiosis
- Hematologic disease (patient) :
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
- T lymphoma
- Kaposi
- Castelman
- Serous lymphoma
|
209 (39.3%)
49 (9.2%)
86 (16.2%)
38 (7.1%)
33 (6.2%)
5 (0.9%)
46 (8.6%)
77 (14.5%)
11 (2.1%)
71 (13.3%)
10 (1.9%)
1 (0.2%)
55 (10.3%)
21 (3.9%)
5 (0.9%)
|
52 (34.9%)
11 (7.4%)
20 (13.4%)
2 (1.3%)
7 (4.7%)
0
11 (7.4%)
18 (12.1%)
5 (3.3%)
17 (11.4%)
2 (1.3%)
0
13 (8.7%)
8 (5.4%)
2 (1.3%)
|
135 (43.8%)
33 (10.7%)
58 (18.8%)
31 (10.1%)
23 (7.5%)
4 (1.3%)
34 (11%)
51 (16.5%)
6 (1.9%)
46 (14.9%)
7 (2.3%)
0
37 (12%)
12 (3.9%)
3 (1%)
|
22 (29.3%)
5 (6.7%)
8 (10.7%)
5 (6.7%)
3 (4%)
1 (1.3%)
1 (1.3%)
8 (10.7%)
0
8 (10.7%)
1 (1.3%)
1 (1.3%)
5 (6.7%)
1 (1.3%)
0
|
0.896
0.860
|
Admission by AIDS diagnosis (n=526) :
AIDS-classifying conditions :*
- Opportunistic infections at admission:
- Tuberculosis
- Pneumocystis
- Cryptococcosis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Cytomegalovirus
- Varicella-Zona Virus
- Candidiasis
- PML
- Cryptopsoridiosis
- Other
- Active hemopathy on admission:
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Kaposi
- Castelman
- Serous lymphoma
- Hodgkin lymphoma
- T lymphoma
- Other
HANA-classifying condition
Not associated with HIV
|
199 (37.8%)
135 (25.7%)
37 (7%)
49 (9.3%)
4 (0.8%)
17 (3.2%)
40 (7.6%)
10 (1.9%)
31 (5.8%)
3 (0.6%)
2 (0.4%)
10 (1.9%)
146 (27.7%)
76 (14.3%)
19 (3.6%)
18 (3.4%)
9 (1.7%)
16 (3%)
7 (1.3%)
9 (1.7%)
59 (11.2%)
268 (51%)
|
63 (42.3%)
54 (36.2%)
20 (13.4%)
21 (14.1%)
2 (1.3%)
7 (4.7%)
11 (7.4%)
1 (0.7%)
10 (6.7%)
1 (0.7%)
0
3 (2%)
29 (19.5%)
11 (7.4%)
5 (3.3%)
4 (2.7%)
3 (2%)
5 (3.3%)
0
1 (0.7%)
10 (6.7%)
76 (51%)
|
107 (35.7%)
63 (20.4%)
12 (3.9%)
19 (6.2%)
1 (0.3%)
8 (2.6%)
22 (7.1%)
7 (2.3%)
17 (5.5%)
2 (0.6%)
2 (0.6%)
4 (1.3%)
99 (32.1%)
54 (17.5%)
12 (3.9%)
14 (4.5%)
5 (1.6%)
10 (3.2%)
6 (1.9%)
5 (1.6%)
43 (14.2%)
152 (49.3%)
|
29 (38.7%)
18 (24%)
5 (6.7%)
9 (12%)
1 (1.3%)
2 (2.7%)
7 (9.3%)
2 (2.7%)
4 (5.3%)
0
1 (1.3%)
3 (4%)
18 (24%)
11 (14.7%)
2 (2.7%)
0
1 (1.3%)
1 (1.3%)
1 (1.3%)
3 (4%)
6 (8%)
40 (53.3%)
|
0.372
0.007
0.154
0.352
0.861
|
Abbreviations: AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) ; ART (antiretroviral therapy) ; HANA (HIV-associated non-AIDS) ; HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) ; INI (integrase inhibitor) ; PML (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)
*: several possible proposals per patient
While the proportion of AIDS patients on admission to ICU remained stable over time (p=0.123), the proportion of HIV patients who were controlled on admission almost tripled (22.4% versus 56.3%), with only 9.8% HIV discovery on admission to ICU in the third period (versus 28.4% in period 1) (Table 2). Complementarily, there was an increase in the median duration of HIV disease (5 versus 18 years, p<0.001) and ART coverage at admission (48% versus 72%, p<0.001) between periods 1 and 3. This was also associated with an improvement in biological markers of disease control, with an increase in median of the last pre-admission CD4 count (223/mm3 versus 324/mm3, p=0.014) and a decrease in the median viral load at admission (3.1 Log versus 0 Log, p=0.004). The rate of opportunistic infection at admission decreased over time (36.2% versus 24%, p=0.007), while the rate of AIDS-classifying hemopathy increased, although non significantly (19.5% versus 24%, p=0.154), and the rates of admission for HANA or non-HIV-related were stable (respectively p=0.352 and p=0.861). Finally, the management of ART evolved over time, with an increase in the rate of ART resumption and initiation between periods 1 and 3 (respectively 11.8% versus 40%, p=0.053, and 0% versus 8.2%, p=0.032).
Regarding organ supplements therapies during ICU stay, the use of mechanical ventilation and renal replacement therapy were stable over time (respectively from 48.4% to 49.4%, p=0.707, and from 14.9% to 20.2%, p=0.128), while vasopressors were administered significantly more frequently (14.4% versus 44.3%, p<0.001, with comparable initial SOFA, reason for admission and global amines use over time). Moreover, 12.7% of patients received anti-cancer chemotherapy during their ICU stay in the third period, compared with 1.4% and 8.3% respectively in periods 1 and 2 (p<0.001). Importantly, life support limitation rate in ICU was stable over periods (p=0.505) although differences could be seen according to known/controlled HIV status (decrease for de novo HIV (12.1% versus 0% for period 1 and 3, respectively, p=0.089), increase for known/uncontrolled HIV (3.5% versus 16.7% for period 1 and 3, respectively, p=0.052) and for known/controlled HIV (11.5% versus 15% for period 1 and 3, respectively, p=0.050). Finally, the in-ICU and 60-day mortality rates were also stable over time (respectively 15.8% to 16.5%, p=0.992, and 22.3% to 19%, p=0.382).
- Risk factors for 60-day mortality on ICU admission
Predictors of 60-day mortality are on Table 3. Decedents were older, more likely to be men, and had more chronic liver disease and past history of anti-cancer chemotherapy. Decedents had a higher SOFA score and were more frequently hospitalized for more than 24 hours prior to ICU admission. AIDS status, but not the duration of the disease or the last biological activity markers (CD4 count or viral load), was associated with prognosis. We did not find prognostic influence of ART coverage. Finally, 60-day mortality was higher in patients admitted with an active AIDS-classifying hemopathy or HANA, compared with patients admitted to the ICU without HIV involvement.
By multivariate analysis, age >54 years (HR 1.47 [0.91; 2.36]), chronic liver disease (HR 2.07 [1.15; 3.73], p=0.015), history of anti-cancer chemotherapy (HR 2.48 [1.54; 4.0], p<0.001), SOFA score >4 (HR 2.35 [1.56; 3.56], p<0.001), pre-ICU hospitalization duration of stay >24h (HR 1.47 [1.03; 2.11], p=0.033) and AIDS status (HR 1.79 [1.11; 2.89], p=0.017) were associated with 60-day mortality. There was a non-significant trend towards an increased risk of 60-day mortality for patients admitted for an AIDS-classifying opportunistic infection (HR 1.39 [0.81; 2.39]) or active hemopathy (HR 1.52 [0.94; 2.46]) or for HANA (HR 1.49 [0.84; 2.64]), compared with patients admitted to ICU with no HIV involvement. Of note, the period of care was not associated with the risk of 60-day mortality in univariate (p=0.929) and multivariate (p=0.578) analyses (Figure 2).
Table 3: Predictors of 60-day after ICU admission mortality in the HIV cohort from OutcomeReaTM
|
Alive at D60
(n=495)
|
Dead at D60
(n=135)
|
Univariate
|
Multivariate
|
HR, CI 95%
|
p-value
|
HR, CI 95%
|
p-value
|
Age (years) :
- <38
- 38 to 54
- >54
|
126 (25.5%)
249 (50.4%)
119 (24.1%)
|
29 (21.5%)
57 (42.2%)
49 (36.3%)
|
Ref.
0.96 [0.61 ; 1.50]
1.68 [1.06 ; 2.67]
|
0.010
|
Ref.
0.87 [0.54 ; 1.39]
1.47 [0.91 ; 2.36]
|
0.029
|
Katz Independence scale
|
6 [6 ; 6]
|
6 [6 ; 6]
|
0.95 [0.76 ; 1.19]
|
0.677
|
|
|
Sex (male)
|
333 (67.4%)
|
107 (79.3%)
|
1.70 [1.11 ; 2.58]
|
0.013
|
1.33 [0.85 ; 2.07]
|
0.206
|
Diabetes
|
37 (7.5%)
|
11 (8.1%)
|
1.09 [0.59 ; 2.02]
|
0.786
|
|
|
Obesity
|
29 (5.9%)
|
5 (3.7%)
|
0.67 [0.27 ; 1.63]
|
0.375
|
|
|
Chronic disease (KNAUS) :
- Hepatic
- Cardiovascular
- Renal
- Respiratory
|
32 (6.5%)
35 (7.3%)
29 (5.9%)
36 (7.3%)
|
15 (11.1%)
10 (7.4%)
12 (8.9%)
7 (5.2%)
|
1.66 [0.97 ; 2.85]
1.07 [0.56 ; 2.03]
1.59 [0.87 ; 2.88]
0.77 [0.36 ; 1.66]
|
0.066
0.846
0.128
0.507
|
2.07 [1.15 ; 3.73]
|
0.015
|
Solid neoplasia
|
17 (3.4%)
|
6 (4.4%)
|
1.23 [0.54 ; 2.80]
|
0.619
|
|
|
History of chemotherapy
|
52 (10.5%)
|
39 (28.9%)
|
3.09 [2.04 ; 4.68]
|
<0.001
|
2.48 [1.54 ; 4.00]
|
<0.001
|
Inclusion period :
- 1 (1997-2006)
- 2 (2007-2015)
- 3 (2016-2020)
|
167 (33.8%)
263 (53.2%)
64 (13%)
|
48 (35.6%)
72 (53.3%)
15 (11.1%)
|
Ref.
0.93 [0.63 ; 1.38]
1.00 [0.55 ; 1.82]
|
0.929
|
Ref.
0.81 [0.54 ; 1.22]
0.82 [0.44 ; 1.53]
|
0.578
|
Medical reason for ICU admission
|
467 (94.7%)
|
123 (91.1%)
|
0.61 [0.33 ; 1.12]
|
0.110
|
|
|
Main symptom on admission:
- Shock
- Acute respiratory distress
- Coma
- Other
|
96 (19.4%)
184 (37.2%)
82 (16.6%)
133 (26.7%)
|
33 (24.4%)
42 (31.2%)
27 (20%)
33 (24.4%)
|
1.28 [0.79 ; 2.07]
0.93 [0.59 ; 1.47]
1.31 [0.78 ; 2.18]
Ref.
|
0.392
|
|
|
SOFA upon ICU admission >4
|
262 (53%)
|
104 (77%)
|
2.60 [1.73 ; 3.88]
|
<0.001
|
2.35 [1.56 ; 3.56]
|
<0.001
|
Pre-ICU hospitalization stay >24h
|
172 (34.8%)
|
72 (53%)
|
1.92 [1.36 ; 2.70]
|
<0.001
|
1.47 [1.03 ; 2.11]
|
0.033
|
AIDS
|
355 (71.9%)
|
112 (83%)
|
1.77 [1.12 ; 2.80]
|
0.014
|
1.79 [1.11 ; 2.89]
|
0.017
|
HIV status (n=418, 110):
- De novo
- Known, uncontrolled
- Known, controlled
|
63 (15.1%)
113 (27%)
242 (57.9%)
|
15 (13.6%)
26 (23.7%)
69 (62.7%)
|
Ref.
1.20 [0.68 ; 2.12]
0.98 [0.52 ; 1.86]
|
0.613
|
|
|
Duration of HIV progression >10 years (n=321,88)
|
166 (51.7%)
|
40 (45.4%)
|
0.82 [0.54 ; 1.26]
|
0.375
|
|
|
Last CD4 count >250/mm3 (n= 225, 57):
- <50
- 50 to 200
- >200
|
109 (22.1%)
3 (1.5%)
60 (30.8%)
132 (67.7%)
|
35 (25.9%)
3 (6.1%)
20 (40.8%)
26 (53.1%)
|
1.58 [0.92 ; 2.70]
1.63 [0.80 ; 3.35]
1.59 [0.88 ; 2.85]
Ref.
|
0.096
0.211
|
|
|
Last HIV viral load >2 Log (n=211, 49)
|
107 (50.7%)
|
22 (44.9%)
|
0.78 [0.44 ; 1.38]
|
0.394
|
|
|
ART at ICU admission (n=421, 110)
|
244 (58%)
|
69 (62.7%)
|
1.21 [0.82 ; 1.79]
|
0.329
|
|
|
History of AIDS-classifying condition:
- Infection
- Hematologic disease
|
155 (36.8%)
54 (12.8%)
|
53 (48.2%)
20 (18.2%)
|
1.47 [1.00 ; 2.17]
1.18 [0.69 ; 2.01]
|
0.048
0.541
|
|
|
Diagnosis admission according to HIV/AIDS:
- AIDS-classifying condition:
- Active opportunistic infections
- Active hemopathy
- HANA
- Not associated with HIV
|
145 (34.4%)
105 (24.9%)
96 (22.8%)
43 (10.2%)
233 (55.3%)
|
53 (48.2%)
29 (26.4%)
50 (45.5%)
16 (14.5%)
41 (37.3%)
|
0.98 [0.65 ; 1.49]
2.59 [1.68 ; 3.98]
1.90 [1.06 ; 3.39]
Ref.
|
0.010
|
1.39 [0.81 ; 2.39]
1.52 [0.94 ; 2.46]
1.49 [0.84 ; 2.64]
Ref.
|
0.203
|
ART management in ICU (n=259, 57):
- Suspension
- Resume
- Continued
- Introduction
|
73 (28.1%)
20 (7.7%)
167 (64.5%)
22 (8.6%)
|
21 (38.2%)
0
33 (57.9%)
4 (7.3%)
|
0.98 [0.58 ; 1.66]
-
0.51 [0.32 ; 0.83]
0.70 [0.21 ; 2.27]
|
0.942
-
0.006
0.550
|
|
|
Mechanical ventilation during the ICU stay
|
179 (36.2%)
|
108 (80%)
|
5.98 [3.91 ; 9.14]
|
<0.001
|
|
|
Vasopressor during the ICU stay
|
113 (22.9%)
|
70 (51.8%)
|
3.08 [2.19 ; 4.34]
|
<0.001
|
|
|
RRT during the ICU stay
|
71 (14.4%)
|
48 (35.6%)
|
2.84 [1.98 ; 4.06]
|
<0.001
|
|
|
Use of anticancer chemotherapy during the ICU stay
|
25 (5.1%)
|
16 (11.8%)
|
2.22 [1.27 ; 3.91]
|
0.005
|
|
|
Abbreviations: AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) ; ART (antiretroviral therapy) ; HANA (HIV-associated non-AIDS) ; HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) ; ICU (intensive care unit) ; RRT (renal replacement therapy) ; SOFA (sepsis-related organ failure assessment)