Table.1. Formulae for calculation of different morphometric parameters
Sl. No.
|
Morphometric parameters
|
Formula
|
References
|
1
|
Stream order (u)
|
Hierarchical rank
|
Strahler (1964)
|
2
|
Stream length (L u )
|
Length of the stream
|
Horton (1945)
|
3
|
Mean stream length (Lsm)
|
L sm = L u /N u where, L sm = mean stream length L u = total stream length of order u N u = total number of stream segments of order u
|
Strahler (1964)
|
4
|
Stream length ratio (Lur)
|
Lur = Lu/Lu-1
Where, Lur = Stream Length Ratio, Lu= Total stream length of the order u, Lu-1 = Total stream length of previous order u-1
|
Horton (1945)
|
5
|
Bifurcation ratio
(Rb)
|
R b = Nu /Nu+1 where, R b = bifurcation ratio
Nu = total number of stream segments of order u
Nu+1 = number of stream segment of next higher order
|
Schumn (1956)
|
6
|
Mean bifurcation ratio (Rbm)
|
Rbm = average of bifurcation ratios of all orders
|
Strahler (1964)
|
7
|
Relief ratio (Rf)
|
Rh = H/Lb
Where, Rh = Relief ratio, H = Total relief of watershed (Km), Lb = Watershed Length
|
Schumm (1956)
|
8
|
Drainage density
(Dd)
|
Dd = L u /A where, Dd = drainage density L u = total stream length of all orders A = area of the watershed
|
Horton (1945)
|
9
|
Stream frequency
(Fs)
|
F s = N u /A where, N u = total number of streams of all orders A = area of the watershed (km2)
|
Horton (1945)
|
10
|
Drainage Texture (T)
|
T = N u /P where, N u = total number of streams of all orders P = perimeter (km)
|
Horton (1945)
|
11
|
Texture Ratio (Rt)
|
Rt = N1/P
Where, Rt = Texture ratio, N1 = Number of streams of first order, P = Perimeter
|
Schumm (1956)
|
12
|
Form factor (Rf)
|
R f = A/L b 2 where, R f = form factor A = area of the watershed (km2) L b 2 = square of the watershed length
|
Horton (1945)
|
13
|
Shape factor (Bs)
|
Bs =L/W
Where, Bs = Shape factor of watershed, L = Length of watershed, W = Width of watershed
|
|
14
|
Circulatory ratio (Rc)
|
R c = 4πA/P 2 where, R c = circulatory ratio A = area of the watershed (km2) P = perimeter (km)
|
Miller (1953)
|
15
|
Elongation ratio (Re)
|
R e = (2/L b) × (A/π)0.5 where, R e = elongation ratio L b = length of watershed (km) A = area of the watershed (km2)
|
Schumn (1956)
|
16
|
Length of overland flow (Lg)
|
Lg = 1/2*D
Where, Lg = length of overland flow, D = drainage density
|
Horton (1945)
|
17
|
Compactness constant (Cc)
|
C c = 0.2821P/A 0.5 where, C c = compactness ratio A = area of the watershed (km2) P = perimeter of the watershed (km)
|
Horton (1945)
|
18
|
Ruggedness number (Rn)
|
Rn = (Dd/H)*1000
Where, Rn = Ruggedness number, Dd = Drainage density, H = Total Relief of Watershed
|
Strahler (1968)
|
19
|
Melton Ruggedness number (MRn)
|
MRn = H/A0.5
Where, MRn = Meltonn Ruggedness number,
H = Total Relief of watershed, A = Area of watershed
|
Melton (1965)
|
20
|
Constant of stream maintenance (C)
|
C = 1/D
Where, C = constant of channel of maintenance, D = Drainage density
|
Schumm (1956)
|
21
|
Rho coefficient (ρ)
|
ρ = Lur/ Rb
Where, ρ = Rho coefficient, Lur = Stream length ratio, Rb = Bifurcation ratio
|
Horton (1945)
|
22
|
Lemniscate (k)
|
k = Lb2 / 4 * A
Where, Lb is the watershed length (Km) and A is the area of the watershed (km2)
|
Chorely (1957)
|
Table.2. Stream numbers and stream lengths for different order streams of Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India (where, SW denotes sub-watershed).
Sub-watershed
|
Stream
Order
|
Stream numbers in different orders
|
Order wise stream lengths (km)
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
SW-1
|
V
|
309
|
126
|
105
|
39
|
33
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
287
|
102.2
|
70.7
|
26.6
|
20.5
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-2
|
VII
|
2274
|
1072
|
468
|
291
|
237
|
120
|
57
|
-
|
1987.9
|
947.7
|
399.2
|
212.1
|
133.7
|
52.2
|
34.5
|
-
|
SW-3
|
VII
|
2831
|
1366
|
696
|
383
|
144
|
61
|
152
|
-
|
2574.6
|
1306.6
|
636.7
|
325
|
131.2
|
61.8
|
104.6
|
-
|
SW-4
|
VI
|
532
|
252
|
148
|
67
|
48
|
16
|
-
|
-
|
500.3
|
242.7
|
137.8
|
73.7
|
50
|
16.8
|
-
|
-
|
SW-5
|
VI
|
1401
|
619
|
383
|
252
|
66
|
66
|
-
|
-
|
1199.6
|
596.7
|
298.9
|
174.9
|
51.4
|
49.7
|
-
|
-
|
SW-6
|
VI
|
840
|
377
|
214
|
79
|
108
|
52
|
-
|
-
|
703.5
|
337.2
|
179.5
|
58.4
|
66.4
|
26.8
|
-
|
-
|
SW-7
|
VI
|
575
|
237
|
143
|
84
|
87
|
19
|
-
|
-
|
516
|
214.2
|
107.8
|
57.1
|
54.1
|
10.5
|
-
|
-
|
SW-8
|
VI
|
538
|
243
|
118
|
68
|
73
|
27
|
-
|
-
|
538.3
|
252.7
|
125.4
|
69.7
|
33.1
|
12.6
|
-
|
-
|
SW-9
|
V
|
177
|
73
|
42
|
14
|
45
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
174.5
|
80.9
|
31.9
|
11.2
|
22.2
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-10
|
V
|
275
|
125
|
80
|
49
|
17
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
236.6
|
93.9
|
54.1
|
28.7
|
12.3
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-11
|
V
|
252
|
92
|
102
|
47
|
9
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
199.9
|
77
|
68.7
|
26.7
|
8
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-12
|
V
|
345
|
154
|
114
|
39
|
35
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
265.3
|
132.1
|
75.6
|
23.9
|
22.9
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-13
|
V
|
344
|
131
|
112
|
57
|
38
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
288.4
|
111.8
|
70.6
|
18.5
|
18.7
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-14
|
V
|
158
|
67
|
39
|
24
|
23
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
124.4
|
60.4
|
24.5
|
15
|
12.1
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-15
|
V
|
206
|
94
|
64
|
21
|
25
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
173
|
83
|
37.1
|
10
|
15
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-16
|
V
|
233
|
86
|
65
|
61
|
18
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
183
|
70.4
|
43
|
34.2
|
13.6
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-17
|
V
|
349
|
144
|
138
|
41
|
20
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
264.2
|
116.6
|
77.3
|
18.6
|
9.6
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-18
|
V
|
351
|
147
|
74
|
99
|
26
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
320.2
|
143.1
|
65.9
|
48
|
12.6
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Entire watershed
|
VIII
|
17961
|
8064
|
4644
|
2467
|
1080
|
362
|
726
|
424
|
15803.3
|
7266.8
|
3659.7
|
1736.9
|
702.4
|
230.4
|
428.2
|
226.2
|
Table.3. Mean Stream Length (Lum) and Stream Length Ratio (Lur) for different order streams of sub-watersheds of. Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India.
Sub-watersheds
|
Mean Stream Length (Lum) in km
|
Stream Length Ratio (Lur)
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
SW-1
|
0.93
|
0.82
|
0.68
|
0.69
|
0.62
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.36
|
0.70
|
0.38
|
0.77
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-2
|
0.88
|
0.89
|
0.86
|
0.73
|
0.57
|
0.44
|
0.61
|
-
|
0.48
|
0.43
|
0.54
|
0.64
|
0.39
|
0.67
|
-
|
-
|
SW-3
|
0.91
|
0.96
|
0.92
|
0.85
|
0.92
|
1.02
|
0.69
|
-
|
0.51
|
0.49
|
0.52
|
0.41
|
0.48
|
0.70
|
-
|
-
|
SW-4
|
0.95
|
0.97
|
0.94
|
1.10
|
1.04
|
1.05
|
-
|
-
|
0.49
|
0.57
|
0.54
|
0.68
|
0.34
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-5
|
0.86
|
0.97
|
0.79
|
0.70
|
0.78
|
0.76
|
-
|
-
|
0.50
|
0.51
|
0.59
|
0.30
|
0.97
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-6
|
0.84
|
0.90
|
0.84
|
0.74
|
0.62
|
0.52
|
-
|
-
|
0.48
|
0.54
|
0.33
|
1.14
|
0.41
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-7
|
0.90
|
0.91
|
0.76
|
0.68
|
0.63
|
0.55
|
-
|
-
|
0.42
|
0.51
|
0.54
|
0.95
|
0.20
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-8
|
1.01
|
1.04
|
1.07
|
1.03
|
0.46
|
0.47
|
-
|
-
|
0.47
|
0.50
|
0.56
|
0.48
|
0.38
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-9
|
0.99
|
1.11
|
0.76
|
0.80
|
0.50
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.47
|
0.40
|
0.35
|
2.00
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-10
|
0.87
|
0.76
|
0.68
|
0.59
|
0.72
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.40
|
0.58
|
0.53
|
0.43
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-11
|
0.80
|
0.84
|
0.68
|
0.57
|
0.89
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.39
|
0.90
|
0.39
|
0.30
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-12
|
0.77
|
0.86
|
0.67
|
0.62
|
0.66
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.50
|
0.58
|
0.32
|
0.96
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-13
|
0.84
|
0.86
|
0.64
|
0.50
|
0.50
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.39
|
0.64
|
0.41
|
0.66
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-14
|
0.79
|
0.91
|
0.63
|
0.63
|
0.53
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.49
|
0.41
|
0.62
|
0.81
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-15
|
0.84
|
0.89
|
0.58
|
0.48
|
0.60
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.48
|
0.45
|
0.27
|
1.51
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-16
|
0.79
|
0.82
|
0.67
|
0.57
|
0.76
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.39
|
0.61
|
0.80
|
0.40
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
SW-17
|
0.76
|
0.81
|
0.56
|
0.46
|
0.48
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.45
|
0.67
|
0.24
|
0.52
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
SW-18
|
0.92
|
0.98
|
0.90
|
0.49
|
0.49
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.45
|
0.47
|
0.73
|
0.27
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Entire watershed
|
0.88
|
0.91
|
0.79
|
0.71
|
0.66
|
0.64
|
0.59
|
0.74
|
0.46
|
0.51
|
0.48
|
0.41
|
0.33
|
1.86
|
0.53
|
-
|
Table.4. Bifurcation Ratio (Rb), Total Bifurcation Ratio, Mean Bifurcation Ratio (Rbm), Weightage Bifurcation Ratio (Rbwm) for the sub-watersheds of Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Sub-watersheds
|
Bifurcation Ratio (Rb)
|
Total
Bifurcation
Ratio
|
Mean
Bifurcation
Ratio
|
Weightage
Bifurcation
Ratio
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
SW-1
|
2.46
|
1.20
|
2.70
|
1.19
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
7.53
|
1.89
|
2.06
|
SW-2
|
2.13
|
2.30
|
1.61
|
1.23
|
1.98
|
2.11
|
|
-
|
11.33
|
1.89
|
2.03
|
SW-3
|
2.08
|
1.97
|
1.82
|
2.66
|
2.37
|
0.41
|
|
-
|
11.28
|
1.88
|
2.02
|
SW-4
|
2.12
|
1.71
|
2.21
|
1.40
|
3.00
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
10.42
|
2.09
|
2.01
|
SW-5
|
2.27
|
1.62
|
1.52
|
3.82
|
1.00
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
10.22
|
2.05
|
2.08
|
SW-6
|
2.23
|
1.77
|
2.71
|
0.74
|
2.08
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
9.51
|
1.91
|
2.05
|
SW-7
|
2.43
|
1.66
|
1.71
|
0.97
|
4.48
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
11.34
|
2.27
|
2.15
|
SW-8
|
2.22
|
2.06
|
1.74
|
0.94
|
2.71
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
9.65
|
1.93
|
2.04
|
SW-9
|
2.43
|
1.74
|
3.00
|
0.32
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
7.48
|
1.87
|
2.07
|
SW-10
|
2.20
|
1.57
|
1.64
|
2.89
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
8.28
|
2.07
|
2.01
|
SW-11
|
2.74
|
2.18
|
5.23
|
5.23
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
15.36
|
3.84
|
3.28
|
SW-12
|
2.25
|
1.36
|
2.93
|
1.12
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
7.63
|
1.91
|
2.03
|
SW-13
|
2.63
|
1.17
|
1.97
|
1.50
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
7.27
|
1.82
|
2.05
|
SW-14
|
2.36
|
1.72
|
1.63
|
1.05
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
6.75
|
1.69
|
1.96
|
SW-15
|
2.20
|
1.47
|
3.05
|
0.84
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
7.55
|
1.89
|
2.02
|
SW-16
|
2.71
|
1.33
|
1.07
|
3.39
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
8.49
|
2.13
|
2.18
|
SW-17
|
2.43
|
1.05
|
3.37
|
2.05
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
8.89
|
2.23
|
2.19
|
SW-18
|
2.39
|
1.99
|
0.75
|
3.81
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
8.93
|
2.24
|
1.20
|
Entire watershed
|
2.23
|
1.74
|
1.89
|
2.29
|
2.99
|
0.50
|
1.72
|
|
13.33
|
1.91
|
2.05
|
Table.5. Watershed Length (Lb), Watershed Width (Wb), Area (A), Perimeter (P), Lemniscate (k), Watershed Relief (H), Relief Ratio (Rh), Relative Relief Ratio (Rhr), Ruggedness Number (RN), Melton Ruggedness Number (MRn) for the Sub-watersheds of Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India.
Sub-
Watersheds
|
Watershed Length
(Lb) km
|
Watershed Width (Wb) km
|
Area (A)
Sq. Km
|
Perimeter
(P) Km
|
Lemniscate (k)
|
Watershed
Relief
(H) Km
|
Relief
Ratio
(Rh)
|
Relative
Relief
Ratio (Rhr)
|
Ruggdness
Number (RN)
|
Melton
Ruggedness
Number
(MRn)
|
SW-1
|
34.42
|
23.16
|
456.72
|
121.91
|
0.65
|
3.97
|
0.12
|
0.87
|
280
|
0.19
|
SW-2
|
104.16
|
52.36
|
3160.84
|
322.84
|
0.86
|
5.24
|
0.06
|
0.17
|
229.5
|
0.1
|
SW-3
|
132.78
|
44.90
|
4090.42
|
433.19
|
1.08
|
4.62
|
0.04
|
0.12
|
273.3
|
0.08
|
SW-4
|
52.66
|
28.29
|
813.81
|
189.17
|
0.86
|
2.47
|
0.05
|
0.31
|
511.4
|
0.09
|
SW-5
|
80.06
|
39.60
|
2012.50
|
348.50
|
0.8
|
1.62
|
0.03
|
0.09
|
728.4
|
0.04
|
SW-6
|
65.70
|
30.59
|
1259.64
|
262.18
|
0.86
|
2.17
|
0.04
|
0.18
|
503.5
|
0.07
|
SW-7
|
54.23
|
30.77
|
916.07
|
184.15
|
0.81
|
2.69
|
0.05
|
0.3
|
390.4
|
0.09
|
SW-8
|
44.18
|
27.70
|
834.10
|
157.08
|
0.59
|
3.56
|
0.09
|
0.43
|
348.6
|
0.13
|
SW-9
|
28.68
|
18.25
|
278.89
|
101.25
|
0.74
|
3.37
|
0.12
|
1.21
|
341.8
|
0.21
|
SW-10
|
32.93
|
18.95
|
411.30
|
102.12
|
0.66
|
2.63
|
0.08
|
0.64
|
396.8
|
0.13
|
SW-11
|
28.58
|
21.45
|
370.20
|
98.63
|
0.56
|
2.84
|
0.1
|
0.77
|
363.5
|
0.15
|
SW-12
|
37.02
|
24.13
|
529.73
|
119.63
|
0.65
|
3.14
|
0.09
|
0.6
|
315.7
|
0.14
|
SW-13
|
37.46
|
20.99
|
475.82
|
118.51
|
0.74
|
3.09
|
0.09
|
0.65
|
352.8
|
0.15
|
SW-14
|
21.35
|
16.71
|
219.63
|
71.03
|
0.52
|
3.3
|
0.16
|
1.51
|
327.8
|
0.23
|
SW-15
|
26.90
|
18.78
|
287.10
|
85.42
|
0.63
|
2.72
|
0.11
|
0.95
|
409.5
|
0.16
|
SW-16
|
32.21
|
16.26
|
343.30
|
94.84
|
0.76
|
3.11
|
0.1
|
0.91
|
325.6
|
0.17
|
SW-17
|
31.93
|
25.61
|
475.70
|
114.70
|
0.54
|
3.19
|
0.1
|
0.67
|
323.2
|
0.15
|
SW-18
|
36.78
|
19.53
|
506.60
|
115.10
|
0.67
|
3.75
|
0.11
|
0.74
|
312.5
|
0.17
|
Entire
Watershed
|
267.08
|
160.74
|
26062.92
|
1034.82
|
0.69
|
5.43
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
213.9
|
0.04
|
Table.6. Drainage density (Dd), Stream frequency, Circulatory Ratio (Rc), Form factor (Rf), Shape factor (Bs), Elongation Ratio (Re), Drainage Textue (T), Texture Ratio (Rt), Length of Overland flow (Lo), Compactness constant (Cc), Constant of Channel Maintenance (C), Rho Coefficient (ρ) of sub-watersheds of Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India.
Sub-Watersheds
|
Drainage
density (Dd)
|
Stream
Frequency
(Fs)
|
Circulatory
Ratio (Rc)
|
Form
Factor (Rf)
|
Shape
Factor
(Bs)
|
Elongation
Ratio (Re)
|
Drainage
Texture
(T)
|
Texture ratio
(Rt)
|
Length
of
overland flow
(Lo)
|
Compactness constant (Cc)
|
Const-ant of
Channel
Maintenance
(C)
|
Rho
Coefficient
(ρ)
|
SW-1
|
1.11
|
1.34
|
0.39
|
0.39
|
1.49
|
0.71
|
5.03
|
2.54
|
0.46
|
1.61
|
0.91
|
0.39
|
SW-2
|
1.20
|
1.43
|
0.39
|
0.30
|
1.99
|
0.61
|
14.00
|
7.05
|
0.42
|
1.62
|
0.84
|
0.31
|
SW-3
|
1.26
|
1.38
|
0.28
|
0.24
|
2.96
|
0.55
|
13.01
|
6.54
|
0.40
|
1.92
|
0.80
|
0.90
|
SW-4
|
1.26
|
1.31
|
0.29
|
0.30
|
1.87
|
0.62
|
5.62
|
2.82
|
0.40
|
1.88
|
0.80
|
0.29
|
SW-5
|
1.18
|
1.39
|
0.21
|
0.32
|
2.03
|
0.64
|
8.00
|
4.03
|
0.43
|
2.20
|
0.85
|
0.40
|
SW-6
|
1.09
|
1.33
|
0.24
|
0.30
|
2.15
|
0.61
|
6.37
|
3.21
|
0.46
|
2.09
|
0.92
|
0.49
|
SW-7
|
1.05
|
1.25
|
0.34
|
0.32
|
1.77
|
0.64
|
6.22
|
3.13
|
0.48
|
1.72
|
0.96
|
0.37
|
SW-8
|
1.24
|
1.28
|
0.43
|
0.43
|
1.60
|
0.74
|
6.80
|
3.43
|
0.41
|
1.54
|
0.81
|
0.30
|
SW-9
|
1.15
|
1.26
|
0.35
|
0.34
|
1.58
|
0.66
|
3.47
|
1.75
|
0.44
|
1.72
|
0.88
|
1.75
|
SW-10
|
1.04
|
1.33
|
0.5
|
0.38
|
1.74
|
0.7
|
5.35
|
2.70
|
0.49
|
1.43
|
0.97
|
0.27
|
SW-11
|
1.03
|
1.36
|
0.48
|
0.46
|
1.34
|
0.76
|
5.09
|
2.56
|
0.49
|
1.45
|
0.98
|
0.18
|
SW-12
|
0.99
|
1.30
|
0.47
|
0.39
|
1.54
|
0.71
|
5.75
|
2.89
|
0.51
|
1.47
|
1.02
|
0.41
|
SW-13
|
1.09
|
1.44
|
0.43
|
0.34
|
1.79
|
0.66
|
5.76
|
2.91
|
0.46
|
1.54
|
0.92
|
0.34
|
SW-14
|
1.08
|
1.42
|
0.55
|
0.49
|
1.28
|
0.79
|
4.38
|
2.23
|
0.47
|
1.36
|
0.93
|
0.41
|
SW-15
|
1.11
|
1.43
|
0.50
|
0.40
|
1.44
|
0.72
|
4.8
|
2.42
|
0.46
|
1.43
|
0.91
|
0.61
|
SW-16
|
1.01
|
1.35
|
0.48
|
0.34
|
1.99
|
0.65
|
4.89
|
2.46
|
0.50
|
1.45
|
1.00
|
0.38
|
SW-17
|
1.03
|
1.46
|
0.46
|
0.47
|
1.25
|
0.78
|
6.04
|
3.05
|
0.49
|
1.49
|
0.98
|
0.30
|
SW-18
|
1.17
|
1.38
|
0.49
|
0.38
|
1.89
|
0.70
|
6.06
|
3.05
|
0.43
|
1.45
|
0.86
|
0.38
|
Entire watershed
|
1.16
|
1.38
|
0.31
|
0.37
|
1.67
|
0.69
|
34.53
|
17.36
|
0.44
|
1.81
|
0.87
|
0.74
|
Table.7. Morphometry analysis-based ranking of sub-watersheds of Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India.
Watersheds
|
Rb
|
Dd
|
Fs
|
T
|
Lg
|
Rf
|
Bs
|
Re
|
Cc
|
Rc
|
Cf
|
Ranking
|
SW-1
|
11
|
8
|
9
|
15
|
6
|
7
|
5
|
3
|
7
|
8
|
7.9
|
12
|
SW-2
|
11
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
9
|
2
|
15
|
2
|
8
|
8
|
6.3
|
3
|
SW-3
|
12
|
1
|
6
|
3
|
11
|
1
|
18
|
1
|
12
|
3
|
6.8
|
5
|
SW-4
|
6
|
1
|
11
|
12
|
11
|
2
|
13
|
2
|
11
|
4
|
7.3
|
8
|
SW-5
|
8
|
4
|
5
|
4
|
8
|
3
|
16
|
2
|
14
|
1
|
6.5
|
4
|
SW-6
|
10
|
9
|
10
|
6
|
6
|
2
|
17
|
2
|
13
|
2
|
7.7
|
11
|
SW-7
|
2
|
11
|
15
|
7
|
4
|
3
|
11
|
2
|
9
|
6
|
7.0
|
7
|
SW-8
|
9
|
2
|
13
|
5
|
10
|
9
|
8
|
3
|
6
|
9
|
7.4
|
9
|
SW-9
|
13
|
7
|
14
|
19
|
7
|
4
|
7
|
2
|
9
|
7
|
8.9
|
16
|
SW-10
|
7
|
12
|
10
|
13
|
3
|
6
|
10
|
2
|
2
|
14
|
7.9
|
12
|
SW-11
|
1
|
13
|
7
|
14
|
3
|
10
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
12
|
6.9
|
6
|
SW-12
|
10
|
15
|
12
|
11
|
1
|
7
|
6
|
3
|
4
|
11
|
8.0
|
13
|
SW-13
|
14
|
9
|
2
|
10
|
6
|
4
|
12
|
2
|
6
|
9
|
7.4
|
9
|
SW-14
|
15
|
10
|
4
|
18
|
5
|
12
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
15
|
8.5
|
15
|
SW-15
|
11
|
8
|
3
|
17
|
6
|
8
|
4
|
3
|
2
|
14
|
7.6
|
10
|
SW-16
|
5
|
14
|
8
|
16
|
2
|
4
|
15
|
2
|
3
|
12
|
8.1
|
14
|
SW-17
|
4
|
13
|
1
|
9
|
3
|
11
|
1
|
3
|
5
|
10
|
6.0
|
1
|
SW-18
|
3
|
5
|
6
|
8
|
8
|
6
|
14
|
2
|
3
|
13
|
6.8
|
5
|
Entire Watershed
|
10
|
6
|
6
|
1
|
7
|
5
|
9
|
2
|
10
|
5
|
6.1
|
2
|
Table.8. Priorities and ranks of sub-watersheds Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Watersheds
|
Compound Parameter Constant (Cp)
|
Priority Ranking
|
SW-1
|
2.65
|
14
|
SW-2
|
4.35
|
18
|
SW-3
|
3.56
|
17
|
SW-4
|
1.7
|
3
|
SW-5
|
1.57
|
1
|
SW-6
|
1.66
|
2
|
SW-7
|
2.07
|
6
|
SW-8
|
2.52
|
13
|
SW-9
|
1.98
|
4
|
SW-10
|
2.06
|
5
|
SW-11
|
2.39
|
10
|
SW-12
|
2.44
|
12
|
SW-13
|
2.33
|
9
|
SW-14
|
2.41
|
11
|
SW-15
|
2.08
|
7
|
SW-16
|
2.27
|
8
|
SW-17
|
2.65
|
16
|
SW-18
|
2.65
|
15
|
Entire Watershed
|
7.09
|
19
|
Table.9. Classification of sub-watersheds into priority classes based on WSA method Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Priority Level
|
Priority Type
|
Watersheds
|
% Area
|
0-1.563
|
Very High
|
SW-5
|
7.73
|
1.563-2.944
|
High
|
SW-1, SW-2, SW-3, SW-4,SW-6,SW-7, SW-8, SW-18, SW-17, SW-16, SW-15, SW-14, SW-13
|
31.39
|
2.944-4.325
|
Medium
|
SW-9, SW-11, SW-12
|
15.7
|
4.325-5.706
|
Low
|
SW-10
|
12.13
|
>5.076
|
Poor
|
Entire Watershed
|
100
|
Table.10. Inter-correlation matrix of morphometric parameters of the sub-watersheds of Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India.
Morphometric Variable
|
Rh
|
Rr
|
RN
|
Rb
|
Dd
|
T
|
Lg
|
Re
|
Rf
|
Rc
|
Cc
|
Bs
|
Rh
|
1.000
|
-0.027
|
0.090
|
0.027
|
-0.374
|
-0.537
|
0.378
|
0.623
|
0.705
|
0.806
|
-0.783
|
-0.634
|
Rr
|
-0.027
|
1.000
|
0.955
|
-0.204
|
0.333
|
0.679
|
-0.322
|
-0.173
|
-0.080
|
0.055
|
-0.161
|
0.161
|
RN
|
0.090
|
0.955
|
1.000
|
-0.143
|
0.081
|
0.632
|
-0.073
|
-0.042
|
0.075
|
0.228
|
-0.320
|
0.014
|
Rb
|
0.027
|
-0.204
|
-0.143
|
1.000
|
-0.293
|
-0.139
|
0.291
|
0.215
|
0.302
|
0.173
|
-0.175
|
-0.229
|
Dd
|
-0.374
|
0.333
|
0.081
|
-0.293
|
1.000
|
0.308
|
-0.996
|
-0.429
|
-0.461
|
-0.523
|
0.493
|
0.498
|
T
|
-0.537
|
0.679
|
0.632
|
-0.139
|
0.308
|
1.000
|
-0.296
|
-0.313
|
-0.197
|
-0.349
|
0.293
|
0.212
|
Lg
|
0.378
|
-0.322
|
-0.073
|
0.291
|
-0.996
|
-0.296
|
1.000
|
0.455
|
0.482
|
0.541
|
-0.512
|
-0.510
|
Re
|
0.623
|
-0.173
|
-0.042
|
0.215
|
-0.429
|
-0.313
|
0.455
|
1.000
|
0.863
|
0.581
|
-0.562
|
-0.867
|
Rf
|
0.705
|
-0.080
|
0.075
|
0.302
|
-0.461
|
-0.197
|
0.482
|
0.863
|
1.000
|
0.729
|
-0.688
|
-0.864
|
Rc
|
0.806
|
0.055
|
0.228
|
0.173
|
-0.523
|
-0.349
|
0.541
|
0.581
|
0.729
|
1.000
|
-0.981
|
-0.591
|
Cc
|
-0.783
|
-0.161
|
-0.320
|
-0.175
|
0.493
|
0.293
|
-0.512
|
-0.562
|
-0.688
|
-0.981
|
1.000
|
0.595
|
Bs
|
-0.634
|
0.161
|
0.014
|
-0.229
|
0.498
|
0.212
|
-0.510
|
-0.867
|
-0.864
|
-0.591
|
0.595
|
1.000
|
Table.11. Total variance of Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Morphometric
Variable
|
Initial Eigen Value
|
Extraction sums of Squared Loadings
|
Rotation sums of squared Loadings
|
Total
|
% of Variance
|
Cumulative %
|
Total
|
% of Variance
|
Cumulative %
|
Total
|
% of Variance
|
Cumulative %
|
Rh
|
5.700
|
47.500
|
47.500
|
5.700
|
47.500
|
47.500
|
3.114
|
25.947
|
25.947
|
Rr
|
2.646
|
22.046
|
69.546
|
2.646
|
22.046
|
69.546
|
2.721
|
22.678
|
48.625
|
RN
|
1.265
|
10.542
|
80.088
|
1.265
|
10.542
|
80.088
|
2.589
|
21.574
|
70.199
|
Rb
|
1.028
|
8.566
|
88.654
|
1.028
|
8.566
|
88.654
|
2.215
|
18.455
|
88.654
|
Dd
|
0.785
|
6.543
|
95.197
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T
|
0.241
|
2.005
|
97.202
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lg
|
0.158
|
1.317
|
98.519
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Re
|
0.123
|
1.029
|
99.547
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rf
|
0.035
|
0.295
|
99.842
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rc
|
0.014
|
0.115
|
99.957
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cc
|
0.003
|
0.025
|
99.982
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bs
|
0.002
|
0.018
|
100.000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table.12. Communality for the morphometric parameters of Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Morphometric
Parameter
|
Communality
|
Initial
|
Extraction
|
Rh
|
1.000
|
0.901
|
Rr
|
1.000
|
0.966
|
RN
|
1.000
|
0.969
|
Rb
|
1.000
|
0.526
|
Dd
|
1.000
|
0.958
|
T
|
1.000
|
0.891
|
Lg
|
1.000
|
0.958
|
Re
|
1.000
|
0.867
|
Rf
|
1.000
|
0.927
|
Rc
|
1.000
|
0.906
|
Cc
|
1.000
|
0.907
|
Bs
|
1.000
|
0.864
|
Table.13. Unrotated factor-loading matrix of morphometric variable Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Morphometric
Variable
|
Principal Component
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
Rh
|
0.815
|
0.155
|
-0.424
|
-0.183
|
Rr
|
-0.229
|
0.954
|
0.041
|
-0.028
|
RN
|
-0.026
|
0.964
|
0.178
|
-0.093
|
Rb
|
0.318
|
-0.211
|
0.461
|
0.410
|
Dd
|
-0.722
|
0.202
|
-0.563
|
0.281
|
T
|
-0.478
|
0.643
|
0.398
|
0.300
|
Lg
|
0.735
|
-0.186
|
0.558
|
-0.267
|
Re
|
0.822
|
0.026
|
-0.152
|
0.409
|
Rf
|
0.874
|
0.165
|
-0.081
|
0.359
|
Rc
|
0.865
|
0.284
|
-0.112
|
-0.253
|
Cc
|
-0.837
|
-0.370
|
0.091
|
0.248
|
Bs
|
-0.838
|
-0.063
|
0.053
|
-0.394
|
Table.14. Rotated factor-loading matrix of morphometric variable Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Morphometric
Variable
|
Principal Component
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
Rh
|
0.869
|
0.362
|
-0.107
|
0.060
|
Rr
|
0.116
|
-0.104
|
0.945
|
-0.222
|
RN
|
0.214
|
-0.036
|
0.960
|
0.002
|
Rb
|
-0.298
|
0.495
|
-0.090
|
0.429
|
Dd
|
-0.268
|
-0.186
|
0.145
|
-0.911
|
T
|
-0.477
|
-0.019
|
0.808
|
-0.095
|
Lg
|
0.276
|
0.206
|
-0.132
|
0.907
|
Re
|
0.397
|
0.825
|
-0.121
|
0.122
|
Rf
|
0.459
|
0.823
|
0.021
|
0.196
|
Rc
|
0.818
|
0.338
|
0.095
|
0.337
|
Cc
|
-0.811
|
-0.329
|
-0.187
|
-0.326
|
Bs
|
-0.376
|
-0.822
|
0.060
|
-0.208
|
Table.15. Priorities of sub-watersheds and their ranks (PCA method) Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Watersheds
|
Rc
|
Re
|
T
|
Dd
|
Compound Parameter Constant (Cp)
|
Priority Ranking
|
SW-1
|
8
|
3
|
15
|
8
|
8.5
|
8
|
SW-2
|
8
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
3.75
|
4
|
SW-3
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
SW-4
|
4
|
2
|
12
|
1
|
4.75
|
5
|
SW-5
|
1
|
2
|
4
|
4
|
2.75
|
2
|
SW-6
|
2
|
2
|
6
|
9
|
4.75
|
5
|
SW-7
|
6
|
2
|
7
|
11
|
6.5
|
6
|
SW-8
|
9
|
3
|
5
|
2
|
4.75
|
5
|
SW-9
|
7
|
2
|
19
|
7
|
8.75
|
10
|
SW-10
|
14
|
2
|
13
|
12
|
10.25
|
12
|
SW-11
|
12
|
3
|
14
|
13
|
10.5
|
13
|
SW-12
|
11
|
3
|
11
|
15
|
10
|
11
|
SW-13
|
9
|
2
|
10
|
9
|
7.5
|
8
|
SW-14
|
15
|
3
|
18
|
10
|
11.5
|
15
|
SW-15
|
14
|
3
|
17
|
8
|
10.5
|
13
|
SW-16
|
12
|
2
|
16
|
14
|
11
|
14
|
SW-17
|
10
|
3
|
9
|
13
|
8.75
|
10
|
SW-18
|
13
|
2
|
8
|
5
|
7
|
7
|
Entire Watershed
|
5
|
2
|
1
|
6
|
3.5
|
3
|
Table.16. Classification of the sub-watersheds in priority classes based on PCA method Shyok-Nubra Watershed, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Priority Level
|
Priority Type
|
Watersheds
|
% Area
|
<5.17
|
High
|
SW-2, SW-3, SW-4, SW-5, SW-6, SW-8
|
46.7
|
5.17-8.34
|
Medium
|
SW-7, SW-13, SW-18
|
7.29
|
>8.34
|
Low
|
SW-1, SW-9, SW-10, SW-11, SW-12, SW-14, SW-15, SW-16
|
11.12
|