Table 1. Soil physic chemical properties of the experimental site
Soil properties
|
Cambisols
|
Vertisols
|
Rating
|
Reference
|
Particle size distribution
|
|
|
|
|
Sand (%)
|
32
|
25.7
|
|
|
Silt (%)
|
31
|
26
|
|
|
Clay (%)
|
37
|
48.3
|
|
|
Textural class
|
Clay loam
|
Clay
|
|
|
CEC
|
42.5
|
46.7
|
|
|
pH (1:2.5 suspension)
|
6.7
|
7.2
|
Neutral
|
Tekalign (1991)
|
Total Nitrogen (%)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
Low
|
Tekalign (1991)
|
Organic carbon (%)
|
0.73
|
0.61
|
Low
|
Tekalign (1991)
|
Soil organic matter (%)
|
1.26
|
1.05
|
Low
|
Tekalign (1991)
|
Olsen's P (mg kg-1)
|
6.5
|
6.3
|
Low
|
Landon (1991)
|
extractable K
|
0.6
|
0.8
|
High
|
Berhanu (1985)
|
Table 2. Mean square value of ANOVA for Rep, Year, K rate, soil type and yield and their interaction
SV
|
DF
|
PH
|
SL
|
TNT
|
TNFT
|
BY
|
GY
|
HI
|
Rep
|
2
|
11.5ns
|
0.383**
|
1.39ns
|
1.62*
|
442563ns
|
354409ns
|
992865ns
|
Y
|
2
|
1488.4***
|
6.859***
|
5.48***
|
2.81**
|
67385006***
|
7475635***
|
37973055***
|
R
|
5
|
6.5ns
|
0.016ns
|
0.24ns
|
0.26ns
|
232767ns
|
141612ns
|
36342ns
|
S
|
1
|
2092.6***
|
21.592***
|
108.1***
|
141.98***
|
734801861***
|
157530101***
|
211880902***
|
R*Y
|
10
|
12.5ns
|
0.044ns
|
0.31ns
|
0.35ns
|
483513ns
|
132132ns
|
199639ns
|
R*S
|
5
|
6.9ns
|
0.179ns
|
0.21ns
|
0.26ns
|
741527ns
|
201596ns
|
261611ns
|
Y*S
|
2
|
1823.2***
|
23.117***
|
22.36***
|
29.97***
|
290079272***
|
16048419***
|
170083544***
|
R*Y* S
|
10
|
9.5ns
|
0.078ns
|
0.29ns
|
0.34ns
|
591515ns
|
134098ns
|
213949ns
|
error
|
70
|
8.2
|
0.077
|
0.45
|
0.43
|
866922
|
168657
|
347985
|
SV Source of variation, DF degree of freedom, Rep replication, Y year, R K rate, S soil type, PH Plant height, SL Spike length, TNT Total number of tiller, TNFT Total number of fertile tiller, By Biomass yield, GY Grain yield, HI Harvest index
*Significant at the 0.05 probability level; **Significant at P<0.01 probability level, *** significant at p<0.001 probability level
Table 3 Main effect of K rate, soil type and year on plant height (PH), Spike length (SL), Total number of tiller (TNT) and Total number of infertile tiller
SV
|
PH
|
SL
|
TNT
|
TNIT
|
K Rate
|
0
|
85.2
|
5.9
|
4.1
|
3.7
|
15
|
84.4
|
5.9
|
4.2
|
3.9
|
30
|
84
|
5.9
|
4.4
|
4.1
|
45
|
84.1
|
5.9
|
4.2
|
3.9
|
60
|
83.3
|
5.9
|
4.1
|
3.9
|
75
|
84.1
|
6
|
4.3
|
4.1
|
Soil Type
|
Cambisols
|
88.6a
|
6.4a
|
5.2a
|
5.1a
|
Vertisols
|
79.8b
|
5.5b
|
3.2b
|
2.8b
|
Year
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
77.2c
|
5.4c
|
4.2b
|
3.8b
|
2
|
89.9a
|
6.3a
|
3.8c
|
3.7b
|
3
|
85.4b
|
6.1b
|
4.6a
|
4.3a
|
CV
|
3.4
|
4.66
|
15.9
|
16.6
|
SV Source of variation, PH Plant height (cm), SL Spike length (cm), TNT Total number of tiller/Plant, TNIT Total number of fertile tiller/Plant
Year 1=2014, 2=2015, 3=2016
Means followed by the same letters for the same parameter are not significantly different at P≤0.05
Table 4 Interaction effect Soil type X year on PH, SL, TNT and TNFT
Year
|
Soil Type
|
Soil Type
|
Soil Type
|
Soil Type
|
Ca
|
Ve
|
Ca
|
Ve
|
Ca
|
Ve
|
Ca
|
Ve
|
PH (cm)
|
SL (cm)
|
TNT
|
TNFT
|
1
|
77.2c
|
77.3c
|
5.4c
|
5.5c
|
4.3c
|
4.1c
|
4c
|
3.7c
|
2
|
102.5a
|
77.3c
|
7.7a
|
4.9d
|
5.2b
|
2.6e
|
5.1b
|
2.4d
|
3
|
86.1b
|
84.7b
|
6.1b
|
6b
|
6.2a
|
3d
|
6.2a
|
2.3d
|
LSD (5%)
|
1.9
|
0.18
|
0.44
|
0.43
|
Ca Cambisols, Ve Vertisols, PH Plant height, SL Spike length, TNT Total number of tiller/plant, TNFT Total number of fertile tiller/plant
Year 1=2014, 2=2015, 3=2016
Means followed by the same letters for the same parameter are not significantly different at P≤0.05
Table 5 Main effect of K rate, soil type and year on biomass yield (BY), grain yield (GY), straw yield (SY) and harvest index (HI)
SV
|
BY
|
GY
|
SY
|
HI
|
K Rate
|
0
|
8992.4
|
3654.8
|
5337.7
|
0.41
|
15
|
9155.5
|
3715.6
|
5439.9
|
0.41
|
30
|
9102.9
|
3651.6
|
5451.3
|
0.41
|
45
|
9122.5
|
3729.4
|
5393.1
|
0.41
|
60
|
9013.5
|
3646.8
|
5366.8
|
0.41
|
75
|
9308.7
|
3878.9
|
5429.8
|
0.42
|
Soil Type
|
Cambisols
|
11724.3a
|
4920.6a
|
6803.8a
|
0.43a
|
Vertisols
|
6507.5b
|
2505.1b
|
4002.4b
|
0.39b
|
Year
|
1
|
8762.3b
|
3323.8c
|
5438.5b
|
0.37c
|
2
|
10626.2a
|
4214.2a
|
6411.9a
|
0.42b
|
3
|
7959.3c
|
3600.5b
|
4358.8c
|
0.45a
|
CV
|
10.21
|
11.06
|
10.91
|
4.89
|
SV Source of variation, BY Biomass Yield (kg ha-1), GY Grain yield (kg ha-1), SY Straw yield (kg ha-1), HI Harvest index
Year 1=2014, 2=2015, 3=2016
Means followed by the same letters for the same parameter are not significantly different at P≤0.05
Table 6 Interaction effect Soil type X year on BY, GY, SY and HI
Year
|
Soil Type
|
Soil Type
|
Soil Type
|
Soil Type
|
Ca
|
Ve
|
Ca
|
Ve
|
Ca
|
Ve
|
Ca
|
Ve
|
BY (kg ha-1)
|
GY (Kg ha-1)
|
SY (kg ha-1)
|
HI
|
1
|
9338b
|
8186c
|
6191a
|
2733d
|
10287a
|
4888c
|
0.48a
|
0.42c
|
2
|
16478a
|
4775e
|
4468b
|
2545d
|
5641b
|
3829d
|
0.47a
|
0.38d
|
3
|
9357b
|
6562d
|
4102c
|
2237e
|
5236c
|
2537e
|
0.44b
|
0.31e
|
LSD (5%)
|
617
|
273
|
392
|
0.01
|
Ca Cambisols, Ve Vertisols, By Biomass yield, GY Grain yield, SY Straw yield, HI Harvest index
Year 1=2014, 2=2015, 3=2016
Means followed by the same letters for the same parameter are not significantly different at P≤0.05