Background: Disorders of upper gastrointestinal tract are one of the most commonly encountered problems in Bangladesh. A variety of benign and malignant disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract may give rise to overlapping clinical features. No definite data is available in this country regarding Upper GIT lesions.
Objectives: To determine the spectrum of histomorphological features of the lesions of upper gastrointestinal tract in Bangladesh.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in one of the busiest histopathology lab in Bangladesh named ‘The Laboratory’ during November to December 20. One year’s data from January’2018 to December’2018 were used.
Results: A total 1390 endoscopic biopsies were evaluated. Out of which, 790 cases were gastric, 302 were from esophagus and 298 were from duodenum. 279 (35.32%) malignant cases were found in case of gastric biopsies. The most common malignancy was adenocarcinoma. Out of 302 oesophageal biopsies, 170 (56.29%) cases were malignant. The most common of these malignancies are invasive squamous cell carcinoma (40.06%) followed by adenocarcinoma. Duodenal biopsies include 12 (4.02%) adenocarcinoma and 8 (2.65%) non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases.
Conclusion: Endoscopy is incomplete without histopathological examination of biopsy and so, the combinations of these two methods play an important role in diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal tract disorders. Protocol based tissue sampling and appropriate reporting systems will help in this regard.