This paper discusses the increasing demand for energy due to population growth and civilization's rapid development and the negative impacts of using fossil fuels to generate energy, including greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. It highlights the vulnerability of the energy industry to climate change and its negative consequences on people's health. Developing countries have implemented plans to generate secure electric energy through renewable energy resources (RER) and have pledged to achieve net-zero emissions. The paper presents hydropower as a reliable alternative to fossil fuels and discusses its potential in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and decarbonizing the energy system. It also highlights the impact of climate change on hydropower and the need for global modeling of social, economic, and environmental aspects to provide sustainable RER. The paper provides evidence to support the claims made and highlights the significance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate the effects of climate change on the energy industry and the environment.