Aspergillus flavus | Affects grains, crops, and causes post-harvest storage diseases | post-harvest storage diseases | - | - | - | - | - | - | Opportunistic pathogen causes aspergillosis | (Atongbiik Achaglinkame, Opoku, and Amagloh 2017; El-Shanshoury et al. 2014; Rudramurthy et al. 2019) |
Aspergillus halophilicus | Post-harvest storage disease, especially in dried corns | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Christensen, Papavizas, and Benjamin 1959) |
Bipolaris melinidis | leaf spots, blights, melting out, and root rot of paddy, maize, wheat, and sorghum | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Manamgoda et al. 2014) |
Curvularia intermedia | Affects crops especially paddy and sorghum | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Li et al. 2019) |
Curvularia lunata | seed blight and germination failure in paddy, wheat | Seed blight and germination failure of millets | - | - | - | - | Leaf spots in flowering plants | - | - | (Akram et al. 2014; Limtong, Into, and Attarat 2020) |
Erysiphe polygoni | Powdery mildew of buckwheat | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Lu et al. 2015) |
Kabatiella zeae | Leaf spot and stalk rot in maize | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Prończuk, Bojanowski, and Warzecha 2004) |
Macrophomina phaseolina | Damping off, seedling blight, collar, basal stem, charcoal, root rot of sorghum, wheat, corn, and alpha alpha | Root rot of chickpea, soyabean | Root rot of peanuts, sunflower, sesame seeds | - | Root rot of cabbage, sweet potato, and potato | - | - | - | - | (Egel et al. 2020; Su et al. 2001; Ullah et al. 2019) |
Moesziomyces bullatus | - | Millet smut | - | - | - | - | pathogenic | - | Neonatal sepsis | (Okolo et al. 2015; Stoll, Begerow, and Oberwinkler 2005) |
Nigrospora oryzae | Grain spots in paddy, sorghum, and corn | - | Leaf blight and spots in cotton and tea | - | - | - | - | - | - | (L. M. Liu et al. 2021; Zhang et al. 2012) |
Penicillium citrinum | Pathogenic | - | - | Pathogenic | - | Pathogenic | - | Culex mosquito mortality | - | (Carroll 1986; Davies et al. 2021; Ragavendran et al. 2019) |
Penicillium polonicum | Spoilage cereals | - | Spoilage of peanuts | Spoilage of citrus fruits | Spoilage of onions | - | - | - | - | (Çakır and Maden 2015; Duduk, Vasić, and Vico 2014; Núñez et al. 2000) |
Puccinia recondita | Leaf rust in wheat and rey | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Peksa and Bankina 2019) |
Rhodosporidiobolus nylandii | Affects leaves of corn | - | - | - | - | - | Leaf pathogen | - | - | (Satianpakiranakorn, Khunnamwong, and Limtong 2020) |
Sporisorium lepturi | Smut especially in sorghum | - | - | - | - | - | Smut disease | - | - | (Kellner et al. 2011) |
Sporisorium reilianum | Pathogen of maize and sorghum affects inflorescence | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Poloni and Schirawski 2016) |
Tilletia barclayana | Pathogen of paddy causes black bust with smutted appearance | Infects Pearl millets | - | - | - | - | Infects signal grass and crab grass | - | - | (Babadoost and Mathre 1998; Elshafey 2018) |
Ustilaginoidea virens | Smut of paddy crops | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Jiehua et al. 2019) |
Ustilago maydis | Smut of corn and maize | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Lanver et al. 2017) |
Zymoseptoria brevis | Leaf disease of barley | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Quaedvlieg et al. 2011) |
Blumeria graminis | Powdery mildew of cereals | - | - | - | - | - | Powdery mildew in grass | - | - | (Cowger and Brown 2019) |
Aspergillus niger | - | Black mold disease commonly observed in pulses | Black mold disease of peanuts | Black mold disease of grapes, apricots, etc. | Black mold disease especially onions | - | - | - | - | (Bianchini and Stratton 2014; Erkmen and Bozoglu 2016) |
Choanephora cucurbitarum | - | Rot of snap bean and southern pea, stem and leaf rot of hyacinth bean and green pea | - | - | Fruit and blossom rot of cucurbits and affects okra | - | Stem and leaf rot of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), and teasle guard | - | - | (Alfenas et al. 2018; Pornsuriya et al. 2017; Saroj et al. 2012) |
Colletotrichum capsici | - | Leaf blight of chickpea, dieback in pigeon pea | - | - | Leaf blight in peppers like chilly and capsicum | Affects pepper | Leaf blight in Chlorophytum borivilianum, and basil, anthracnose in poinsettia | - | - | (Montri, Taylor, and Mongkolporn 2009; Saxena et al. 2016) |
Uromyces viciae-fabae | - | Causes faba-bean rust | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Conner and Bernier 1982; Graham and Vance 2003; Voegele 2006) |
Pestalotiopsis coffeae-arabicae | - | - | Found on the leaf of Coffee arabica and opportunistic pathogen capable of producing chemically novel metabolites | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Song et al. 2013) |
Alternaria longissima | - | - | Causes leaf spot, foliage blight, stem necrosis and spot of Sesamum | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Naik et al. 2017) |
Rhizopus arrhizus | - | - | Causes barn rot of tobacco | - | - | - | - | - | - | (Chen et al. 2020; Kortekamp, Schmidtke, and Serr 2003) |
Aplosporella javeedii | - | - | - | Causes branch blight disease in mulberries | - | - | - | - | - | (Jia et al. 2019) |
Aspergillus carbonarius | - | - | - | Affects grape fruits | - | - | - | - | - | (C. Jiang, Shi, and Zhu 2013) |
Aureobasidium pullulans | - | - | - | Epiphyte and endophyte of apple and grapes | Epiphyte and endophyte of cucumber, green beans and cabbage | - | - | - | - | (Barata, Malfeito-Ferreira, and Loureiro 2012; Matteson Heidenreich et al. 1997; Pinto et al. 2018; Zajc et al. 2020) |
Candida hyderabadensis | - | - | - | A beneficial fungus observed in association with grapes and an opportunistic pathogen | - | - | - | - | - | (Rao et al. 2007) |
Dothiorella vinea-gemmae | - | - | - | Associated with grapes an opportunistic pathogen | - | - | - | - | - | (Pitt, Úrbez-Torres, and Trouillas 2015) |
Eutypa lata | - | - | - | Wood rot of grape plant leading to dead arm and grape cankers | - | - | - | - | - | (Catal et al. 2007; Rolshausen et al. 2014) |
Flammulina velutipes | - | - | - | Opportunistic pathogen of Chinese hackberry trees, ash plant, mulberry, and persimmon trees | - | - | - | - | - | (Fischer and Garcia 2015) |
Hanseniaspora uvarum | - | - | - | Observed in wine making environments and opportunistic pathogen | - | - | - | - | - | (Albertin et al. 2016) |
Penicillium aurantiogriseum | - | - | - | Infects strawberry significant loss observed during post-harvest period | - | - | Infects asparagus | - | - | (Bouhoudan, Chidi, and Khaddor 2020; Moslem et al. 2010) |
Pichia kluyveri | - | - | - | Helps in wine making and improves wine quality, could act as an opportunistic pathogen | - | - | - | - | - | (Méndez-Zamora et al. 2020) |
Pichia membranifaciens | - | - | - | Opportunistic pathogen of fruits | - | - | - | - | - | (WANG et al. 2018) |
Plectosphaerella cucumerina | - | - | - | Causes fruit rots | - | - | Causes root and collar rots | - | - | (Carlucci et al. 2012; Rivedal et al. 2020; Slippers et al. 2003; Xu et al. 2014) |
Amylostereum laevigatum | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen causes white rot on trees | - | - | (Slippers et al. 2003) |
Antrodiella brasiliensis | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen causes crust like wood rot | - | - | Westphalen et al., 2019 |
Candida boleticola | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen | - | - | (Kurtzman et al. 2015) |
Coprinellus disseminatus | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen grows on rotting trees | - | - | (Novaković et al. 2018) |
Cylindrobasidium evolvens | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen grows on dead branches of deciduous trees | - | - | (Burneviča et al. 2016) |
Daedaleopsis confragosa | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen causes white rot of willow trees | - | - | (Ćilerdžić et al. 2019) |
Entyloma diastateae | - | - | - | - | - | - | Smut fungi causes leaf spots in plants | - | - | (Rooney-Latham et al. 2017) |
Erysiphe multappendicis | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes powdery mildew of plants | - | - | (Abasova, Aghayeva, and Takamatsu 2018) |
Macalpinomyces ewartii | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes smut disease of plants | - | - | (Mctaggart et al. 2012) |
Meripilus giganteus | - | - | - | - | - | - | Polyporous white rot pathogen especially broad leaf tress like Abies, Picea, Pinus, Quercus and Ulmus species | - | - | (Y. S. Kim and Singh 2000; SCHWARZE and FINK 1998) |
Microbotryum cordae | - | - | - | - | - | - | Common plant pathogen | - | - | (Spooner and N.W. legon 2006) |
Mycosphaerella ellipsoidea | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes leaf disease of Eucalyptus globulus | - | - | (Hunter et al. 2004) |
Mycosphaerella tassiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | Infects several plant hosts | - | - | (Petrie and Vanterpool 1978) |
Phlebia tremellosa | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen commonly known as trembling Merulius or jelly rot a wood decaying fungus found in rotting hard wood and conifer plants | - | - | (Vares, Niemenmaa, and Hatakka 1994; Yeo, Kim, and Choi 2008) |
Pholiota highlandensis | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen which grows in clusters in the charred base of trees | - | - | (Matheny et al. 2018) |
Phoma herbarum | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes brown leaf spots and cankers | - | - | (Thangaraj et al. 2018) |
Phyllosticta capitalensis | - | - | - | - | - | - | Endophytic fungi cause leaf spots of ornamental plants | - | - | (Cheng et al. 2019; Liao et al. 2020) |
Pisolithus albus | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen Tunisia and Eucalyptus occidentalis | - | - | (Jaouani et al. 2015) |
Sarocladium glaucum | - | - | - | - | - | - | Common plant pathogen | - | - | (Giraldo et al. 2015) |
Steccherinum ochraceum | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogenic polyporous wood rotting fungi | - | - | (Moiseenko et al. 2019, 2020) |
Stereum rugosum | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogenic polyporous wood rotting fungi, otherwise known as leaf fungus, wax fungus, and shelf fungus | - | - | (Mirić and Stefanović 2018; Vabeikhokhei et al. 2019) |
Thanatephorus cucumeris | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. Further, cause various plant diseases such as collar rot, root rot, damping off, and wire stem | - | - | (Elliott et al. 2008) |
Toxicocladosporium irritans | - | - | - | - | - | - | Common plant pathogen | - | Opportunistic pathogen | (Bezerra et al. 2017; Crous et al. 2007) |
Trametes hirsuta | - | - | - | - | - | - | Plant pathogen known as hairy bracket fungi causes white rot of wood | - | - | (Patil and Yadav 2018; Vasina et al. 2017) |
Drechslera catenaria | - | - | - | - | - | - | Pathogen causing leaf blight and brown rot in Toronto creeping bentgrass | - | - | (Larsen et al. 1981; Spilker and Larsen 1985) |
Arthrographis arxii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Common pathogen | (Giraldo et al. 2014) |
Aspergillus conicus | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Xerophilic species causes infection in human | (Smith et al. 2013) |
Aspergillus fumigatus | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes disease in immunodeficient person | (Latgé 1999) |
Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes nail infection | (Brasch et al. 2009) |
Aspergillus penicillioides | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes infection | (Samson and Lustgraaf 1978) |
Aspergillus sydowii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Occasional Human pathogen | (Rodriguez-Palacios et al. 2016; Soler-Hurtado et al. 2016) |
Aspergillus tamarii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes pathogenic infection | (Homa et al. 2019) |
Candida albicans | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Common human pathogen well known for nosocomial infection | (J. Kim and Sudbery 2011) |
Candida diddensiae | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Reported to cause nosocomial | (S. E. Kim et al. 2020) |
Candida palmioleophila | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Opportunistic pathogen reported to cause intravenous catheter associated fungemia | (Jensen and Arendrup 2011; W.-L. Liu et al. 2019; Yamin, Husin, and Harun 2021) |
Candida tropicalis | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes pathogenic infection | (Chai, Denning, and Warn 2010) |
Candida zeylanoides | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Opportunistic pathogen causes Hickman catheter associated fungemia | (Hazen 1995; Whitby, Madu, and Bronze 1996) |
Curvularia hawaiiensis | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes pathogenic infection and allergy | (Dr Santhi Gunasekaran et al. 2017; Rinaldi et al. 1987) |
Curvularia pseudorobusta | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes pathogenic infection and allergy | (Marin-Felix, Hernández-Restrepo, and Crous 2020) |
Diutina catenulata | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes superficial to invasive infection in human and animals | (O’Brien et al. 2018) |
Fereydounia khargensis | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Opportunistic pathogenic yeast causing disease in immunocompromised and immunosuppressive patients | (Benedict and Mody 2016; WHO 2018) |
Fusarium penzigii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Acts as agents of trauma-related eye infections of humans | (do Carmo et al. 2016; Latenser 2003) |
Mucor circinelloides | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes infection to animals like cattle and swine, occasionally causes cutaneous infection to human and Ketoacidosis patients are particularly at risk | (López-Fernández et al. 2018; Vellanki et al. 2020) |
Myrmecridium schulzeri | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Acts as a contaminant of bronchoscopy fluid and causes Golden Tongue syndrome | (Rippon et al. 1985) |
Naganishia albida | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes cutaneous lesions | ( Aghaei Gharehbolagh et al. 2017) |
Ochroconis tshawytschae | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis | (Ge et al. 2012) |
Purpureocillium lilacinum | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Insect pathogen, has antinematode activity controls the growth of root knot nematodes | Causes pulmonary disease in human | (Khan et al. 2012; Lopez et al. 2014; Singh, Pandey, and Goswami 2013) |
Veronaea botryosa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes infectious complications in transplant patients | (Welfringer et al. 2017) |
Westerdykella dispersa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes Angio invasive infection in immunocompromised patients | (Benedict and Mody 2016; WHO 2018) |
Exophiala mesophila | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes disease in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons | (Benedict and Mody 2016; WHO 2018) |
Exophiala oligosperma | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Causes human infection predominantly in immunocompromised hosts | (Benedict and Mody 2016; WHO 2018) |
Beauveria bassiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Parasitic to arthropods causing white muscardine disease hence called as entomopathogenic fungi mostly used as a biological insecticide to control a number of pests such as termites, thrips, whiteflies, aphids, different beetles, bedbugs and malaria transmitting mosquitoes | | (McKinnon et al. 2018; Pedrini et al. 2013) |
Candida kruisii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Insect pathogen grows in the gut of the insect | | (Suh, Nguyen, and Blackwell 2006) |
Lecanicillium lecanii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Entomopathogenic fungus which attacks white fly and aphids | | (Trinh, Ha, and Qiu 2020; Xie et al. 2015) |
Metarhizium anisopliae | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Insect pathogen helps in controlling malarial mosquito | | (W. Jiang et al. 2019; Mnyone et al. 2012; Rasgon 2011) |
Metarhizium rileyi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Entomopathogenic fungi used as biopesticide | | (Fronza et al. 2017; Visalakshi et al. 2020) |
Arthrobotrys foliicola | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Nematode pathogen that feeds on nematode | | (Liou and Tzean 1997; Yang et al. 2011) |
Periconia digitata | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Antinematode activity | | (Somarathne et al. 2018; Zhu et al. 2008) |