Accelerating climate change and climate-related emergencies require cities to improve resilience across multiple short- and long-lived systems. Urban systems have individual change dynamics that are highly interconnected. However, the aftermath of disruptions is often characterised by myopic decision-making that disregards the long-term implications across systems. In this study, we develop the theoretical foundation for temporal dynamics for urban resilience. (1) We briefly characterise and conceptualise the interplay of major temporal dynamics in urban planning, including endogenous lifecycles and exogenous drivers. (2) We empirically examine temporal dynamics through climate urbanism in regions representing the Global North (GN-Amsterdam, the Netherlands) and Global South (GS-Mumbai, India). Our findings reinforce the need to embed short-term planning goals within long-term resilience visions. To address the lack of systematic planning approaches incorporating temporalities, we present options for temporal planning processes that harmonise the lifecycles of urban systems, adapt to disruptions and align planning horizons toward resilience. We discuss the potential applications of both options in the Global North and South.