IOT Based Automatic Intravenous Bag Data Logging Monitoring and Alert System

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2804610/v1

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IOT Based Automatic Intravenous Bag Data Logging Monitoring and Alert System

https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2804610/v1

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Saline, one of the most widely used intravenous (IV) medications, is essential in the treatment of critically ill patients. Monitoring the level in the saline bottle is crucial because blood flows when the bottle is empty and the needle is still near the vein into the bottle from the outside. In hospitals, it is the responsibility of nurses or caregivers to monitor level of saline bottle. The proper timing of withdrawing the needle from the patient's vein is usually ignored due to carelessness and any unusual circumstances that result in great casualties and should also lead to death. In addition, health services can be offered through remote monitoring. To avoid the accident caused by caregiver ignorance and offer remote, we designed a cost-effective intelligent saline level for supervision in health services. a monitoring system that combines sensor and Internet of Things (IOT) technology. This system was created using load cell and a cheap, very low power microcontroller. The load of the bottle is converted to the selected voltage by the load sensor. The ESP8266 microcontroller generates and publishes a specific message based on voltage received from the sensor. Publish and display messages on subscriber devices like health professionals, nurses or caregivers. The proposed monitoring system delivers message to subscribers in a reliable manner, which is crucial for the healthcare industry. With the help of a human, the valve of the saline bottle closes automatically

Saline

Internet of Things

contactless liquid level sensor

microcontroller

medicine box

p>IOT is a network of physical objects made up of all gadgets, cars, buildings and other things that include electronics, software and sensors that allow them to collect and share data with each other[

]. Due to the convergence of many technologies real-time analytics, machine learning, cheap sensors and embedded systems, IOT has advanced. Whenever a patient is given saline, the patient is closely watched by a nurse or other family members. Mostly due to carelessness, lack of focus, busy schedule and increasing number of patients, nurses forget to replace the saline bottle as soon as it is completely consumed. Due to the pressure difference between the empty saline bottle and the blood, the blood returns to the saline bottle immediately after the saline is exhausted. This allows their veins to reverse blood flow to the saline vessel. This causes the patient's hemoglobin levels to drop, and can also cause a shortage of red blood cells (RBCs) in the patient's blood, causing them to feel tired. Therefore, a salt level monitoring system must be created to somewhat reduce the patient's dependence on nurses or other caregivers. This system uses an automatic warning and signaling device based on arduino. When the intravenous fluid level falls below a specified threshold, the load cell's output voltage level changes. The nurse is notified by an alarm that the patient's saline supply has been exhausted as soon as the saline drops to a certain low level. The difference in weight used to how much salt is in the bottle and send an SMS alert. If the nurse does not approach the patient immediately, a motor is arranged that flattens and compresses the saline tube. This prevents the bottle from growing.

An electronic valve module is usually included closed solenoid valves and relays. Measure the module uses an impeller hole flow sensor, which Connect to the counter of the control module in To collect and process the pulse signal Load cells continuous monitoring The bottle weight of saline and it will beis displayed on the LCD display, when it is reached An automatic message will be sent at the critical level Android Application of Hospital Staff[2, 3].

The load sensor is fixed on the saline hanger and a bottle is hung on it. This sensor converts the bottle weight changes at different voltages. The output voltage is given from the load sensorESP32 WIFI chip. Drip IV solution is pressurized Detected by a pressure sensor, connected to the motor Enhances control of dripping solutions, Wireless transfers are made from the patient's room Effectively nurse station using the nRF24L01 module. High-performance electro-hydraulic proportional valve controller is designed and developed using embedded-computers The technology of this controller is simplest culture, high quality and economical and Flexible operation. Collects the flow pulse signal from the valve Impeller hole flow sensor through load sensor. This will sense the weight load sensor Glucose and display edit and Sends data to hospital staff's Android app.

The specially fabricated RF tag can be attached to any kind of IV liquid package available on the market. Zhang et al. developed a novel RFID-Based intravenous infusion monitoring based on fork type light barrier as a sensor with Zigbee protocol, which helps in monitoring the velocity of IV system with high accuracy and reliability. Bhavsar et al. developed intravenous fluid monitoring system where load cell checks the level of the fluid by weighing the IV bag. Suggested a drip infusion of IOT Based Intravenous Infusion System where it consists of various infusion monitoring devices that helps in detecting the infusion rate and the collected data is send to the central monitor placed at the nurse station so that required action can be taken. Yananet a developed a health information alarm system using Bluetooth and GPRS technologies in which the system monitors, collects data and sends information to analyse counter using artificial intelligence developed a drip monitoring system based one electrical impedance[4, 5].

The electrodes used are in non-contact with the system which determines parameters of each fluid drop. Developed a Smart and Pervasive ICU system using Automatic Detection of risk situation and alert method consists of multi camera system and collaborative sensor Network which helps in real-time monitoring to the patients especially facing danger and chronic conditions. Rachman developed a monitoring system regarding patient infusion where laser photodiode is used. This sensor kit collects, process and fur-the sends data to Zigbee transmission device to display them in the form of GUI. Yadav and Jain developed real-time E-saline monitoring system where IR sensor used to detect drop rate, infusion capacity and servo meter used to control drip rate mechanism[5, 6]. From the above literature survey, it is clear that have used technologies like RFID, Zigbee, GPRS etc. for IV infusion monitoring. Further, IoT-based IV infusion monitoring and alerting system is very rarely seen in the literature. Keeping this in view point, IoT-based IV infusion monitoring and alerting system is designed[7].

The project aims to create a smart medicine box for patients who require long-term medication and have difficulty remembering to take their pills on time. After observing these issues in hospitals and among people with these diseases, we decided to develop a smart medicine box that could address these problems. Our system utilizes push buttons to set a timetable for prescribed medications, which is stored in an RTC module. The notification times are then saved in EEPROM. When the time to take medicine the system generates a notification sound and illuminates the corresponding pill box with a bright light. This allows the patient to easily locate the correct box and take up the medicine at the prescribed time. All pill boxes are pre-loaded into the system is able to sense whether the patient has taken their medication or not. One advantage of our system is its ability to detect the patient is attempting to postpone taking their medication by quickly opening and closing the pill boxes to stop the notification sound. In contrast to other devices on the market that only generate a notification sound once and then stop, our system provides ongoing reminders until the medication is taken. Overall, our system provides a fast and effective way to improve patient health by ensuring that medication is taken on time

Above mentioned Fig. 1 Block diagram of esp8266 microcontroller are listed below

Pic Micro Controller
Lcd
Limit Switch
Contactless Liquid Level Sensor
Keypad
Voice Playback Module
Led Indicator
Gsm
Esp8266
Wi-Fi Module
Rtc Module

4.1 MICRO CONTROLLER

A microcontroller is a small and self-contained computer that is integrated into a single chip. It is designed to handle a specific task in an embedded system and is often a low-cost solution for various applications. In simple terms is a programmable silicon chip that is clock-based, register-based, and capable of accepting input and providing output after processing it according to the instructions stored in its memory[8, 9].

The concept of a microcontroller involves integrating various components of a microprocessor system onto a single chip. It typically includes a CPU core, both ROM and RAM memory, and some parallel digital input/output (I/O). Additionally, microcontrollers may have the components like a timer module to do tasks for specific time periods, a serial I/O port to allow data transfer between the controller and other devices, and an ADC to process analog input data.

Compared to traditional computers, microcontrollers are smaller in size, consume less power, and are relatively inexpensive. They can perform functions on their own hardware as I/O ports and external memory[10, 11]. The CPU core is the heart of the microcontroller, and in the past, it was typically based on an 8-bit microprocessor unit such as the Motorola 6800 core found in their 6805/6808 microcontroller devices. Nowadays, microcontrollers are often designed around specifically tailored CPU cores, such as the Microchip PIC range of microcontrollers[12].

4.2 Special Features of ESP8266 Microcontroller

This microcontroller has a powerful RISC CPU with 35 one-word instructions, which can be executed in one cycle for program branches that take two cycles. It can operate at a clock input speed of up to 20 MHz.Other features of this microcontroller include an eight-level deep hardware stack, multiple addressing modes, power-on reset, power-up timer, oscillator start-up timer, and watchdog timer.It also has programmable code-protection, a power-saving sleep mode, and low power consumption.In-circuit serial programming and debugging are available via two pins, and there is read/write access to processor program memory.The microcontroller can handle high source current at 25 Ma and designed for use in commercial and industrial temperature ranges.

4.3 PERIPHERAL FEATURES

The peripheral features of microcontroller interval between the time of the event are given below,

Table 1

peripheral features of microcontroller intervals
Timer 0	8-bit counter with 8-bit prescaler
Timer1	16-bit counter with prescaler, increment able during sleep by clock
Timer2	8-bit counter with 8-bit period register, prescaler and post scaler
Capture	16-bit and maximum resolution upto 12.5 ns.
Comparison	16-bit and maximum resolution upto 200 ns.
The resolution	10-bit multi-channel analog-to-digital convert

Automatic IV Bag Monitoring and Alert system monitoring the IV bag data system and also monitoring the patient medicine data.The Data will be automatically Log as well as stored in IOT Online Transmission. Easy to operate and convenient to all patients doctors and nurses.Functioning process is easier for a single individual to manage multiple patients.

This IOT Intravenous Fluid Monitoring uses a contactless liquid level sensor to detect as the fluid level in the IV Infusion bottle goes down and transmits the data over IOT.Once the system detects that the bottle has gone empty, it sends an alert over IOT.This paper addresses the consequences of that Neglect of IV flow monitoring. Using the suggested Monitoring, one can monitor the saline level from the bottle Remote mode that will help create smart health care system.An affordable, accurate and efficient system that works simply. Electronic valve with a quantitative control system, to realize Flow control in drops, as small, compact and advanced Technology in the medical field. A steady flow here the medicine reaches the patient automatically through drops Controlled for three different flow rates 25%, 50%, 75% IV cannula pipe. This can be done by measuring. The level and mass of the drug through the drops are compared when it reaches the medicine point and flow stops desired critical point.Here IOT replaces manual switches. Through software like user friendly mobile apps so doctors can control the flow rate while sitting on the spot. IOT Concept Models Can be implemented for remote places like villages.Doctors can sit in different cities, abuilding, or in their home and the patient may be anywhere, Monitoring and flow rate control is possible.Using Similar IOT concepts allow one doctor to monitor multiple patients report on mobile app or computer screen so that a doctor can supervise many patients.Medicine and trips in IOT are shown in the Fig. 3.

SMS for not taking medicine and trips completed message notification is indicated in screenshot mentioned in Fig. 4.

This study proposes an IOT-based monitoring and control platform for IV Set up inspiration. Suggested work reduces the amount of time and effort. Essential for monitoring infusion setups and allows for wireless monitoring. This system can be quickly installed on the stand where the drip bottle is hung, Makes a bottle replacement. It helps ensure that there is zero margin for error as improper administration. Drops can lead to many problems. It also improves clinical efficacy, safety and the patient experience in hospitals and home care is possible for many people patients and we additionally add medicine reminder which helps to the patients.

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No competing interests reported.

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Version 1

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IOT Based Automatic Intravenous Bag Data Logging Monitoring and Alert System

Status:

Version 1

Abstract

Figures

1. Introduction

2. Related work

3. METHODOLOGY

4. EXPERIMENTAL WORK

4.1 MICRO CONTROLLER

4.2 Special Features of ESP8266 Microcontroller

4.3 PERIPHERAL FEATURES

Result and Discussion

Conclusion

References

Additional Declarations

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