1.Wozney, J. M., V. Rosen, A. J. Celeste, et al., (1988) Novel regulators of bone formation: molecular clones and activities. Science, 242(4885): p. 1528–34.
2.Wozney, J. M., (1989) Bone morphogenetic proteins. Prog Growth Factor Res, 1(4): p. 267–80.
3.Burkus, J. K., S. E. Heim, M. F. Gornet, et al., (2004) The effectiveness of rhBMP–2 in replacing autograft: an integrated analysis of three human spine studies. Orthopedics, 27(7): p. 723–8.
4.Boden, S. D., J. Kang, H. Sandhu, et al., (2002) Use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein–2 to achieve posterolateral lumbar spine fusion in humans: a prospective, randomized clinical pilot trial: 2002 Volvo Award in clinical studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 27(23): p. 2662–73.
5.Vaidya, R., J. Carp, A. Sethi, et al., (2007) Complications of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein–2. Eur Spine J, 16(8): p. 1257–65.
6.Carragee, E. J., E. L. Hurwitz, and B. K. Weiner, (2011) A critical review of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein–2 trials in spinal surgery: emerging safety concerns and lessons learned. Spine J, 11(6): p. 471–91.
7.Mroz, T. E., J. C. Wang, R. Hashimoto, et al., (2010) Complications related to osteobiologics use in spine surgery: a systematic review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 35(9 Suppl): p. S86–104.
8.Floyd, T. and D. Ohnmeiss, (2000) A meta-analysis of autograft versus allograft in anterior cervical fusion. Eur Spine J, 9(5): p. 398–403.
9.Suchomel, P., P. Barsa, P. Buchvald, et al., (2004) Autologous versus allogenic bone grafts in instrumented anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a prospective study with respect to bone union pattern. Eur Spine J, 13(6): p. 510–5.
10.Bishop, R. C., K. A. Moore, and M. N. Hadley, (1996) Anterior cervical interbody fusion using autogeneic and allogeneic bone graft substrate: a prospective comparative analysis. J Neurosurg, 85(2): p. 206–10.
11.Bazaz, R., M. J. Lee, and J. U. Yoo, (2002) Incidence of dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a prospective study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 27(22): p. 2453–8.
12.Lee, S. H., K. T. Kim, K. S. Suk, et al., (2011) Effect of retropharyngeal steroid on prevertebral soft tissue swelling following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a prospective, randomized study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 36(26): p. 2286–92.
13.Lee, M. J., R. Bazaz, C. G. Furey, et al., (2007) Risk factors for dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a two-year prospective cohort study. Spine J, 7(2): p. 141–7.
14.Lee, M. J., R. Bazaz, C. G. Furey, et al., (2005) Influence of anterior cervical plate design on Dysphagia: a 2-year prospective longitudinal follow-up study. J Spinal Disord Tech, 18(5): p. 406–9.
15.Kim, S. W., C. Jang, M. H. Yang, et al., (2017) The natural course of prevertebral soft tissue swelling after anterior cervical spine surgery: how long will it last? Spine J, 17(9): p. 1297–1309.
16.Riew, K. D., J. J. Yang, D. G. Chang, et al., (2018) What is the most accurate radiographic criterion to determine anterior cervical fusion? Spine J.
17.Audat, Z. A., M. D. Fawareh, A.M. Radydeh, et al., (2018) Anterior versus posterior approach to treat cervical spondylotic myelopathy, clinical and radiological results with long period of follow-up. SAGE Open Med, 6: p. 2050312118766199.
18.Zhang, B., S. Li, D. Miao, et al., (2018) Risk Factors of Cage Subsidence in Patients with Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL) After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion. Med Sci Monit, 24: p. 4753–4759.
19.Sasso, R. C., J. C. LeHuec, and C. Shaffrey, (2005) Iliac crest bone graft donor site pain after anterior lumbar interbody fusion: a prospective patient satisfaction outcome assessment. J Spinal Disord Tech, 18 Suppl: p. S77–81.
20.Myeroff, C. and M. Archdeacon, (2011) Autogenous bone graft: donor sites and techniques. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 93(23): p. 2227–36.
21.Fasolis, M., P. Boffano, and G. Ramieri, (2012) Morbidity associated with anterior iliac crest bone graft. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol, 114(5): p. 586–91.
22.Stark, J. R., J. Hsieh, and D. Waller, (2018) Bone Graft Substitutes in Single or Double Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).
23.Frenkel, M. B., K. S. Cahill, R. J. Javahary, et al., (2013) Fusion rates in multilevel, instrumented anterior cervical fusion for degenerative disease with and without the use of bone morphogenetic protein. J Neurosurg Spine, 18(3): p. 269–73.
24.Lord, E. L., J. R. Cohen, Z. Buser, et al., (2017) Trends, Costs, and Complications of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion With and Without Bone Morphogenetic Protein in the United States Medicare Population. Global Spine J, 7(7): p. 603–608.
25.Cole, T., A. Veeravagu, B. Jiang, et al., (2014) Usage of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein in cervical spine procedures: analysis of the MarketScan longitudinal database. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 96(17): p. 1409–16.
26.Lu, D.C., L. M. Tumialan, and D. Chou, (2013) Multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with and without rhBMP–2: a comparison of dysphagia rates and outcomes in 150 patients. J Neurosurg Spine, 18(1): p. 43–9.
27.Shields, L. B., G. H. Raque, S. D. Glassman, et al., (2006) Adverse effects associated with high-dose recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein–2 use in anterior cervical spine fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 31(5): p. 542–7.
28.Tumialan, L. M., J. Pan, G. E. Rodts, et al., (2008) The safety and efficacy of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with polyetheretherketone spacer and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein–2: a review of 200 patients. J Neurosurg Spine, 8(6): p. 529–35.
29.Perri, B., M. Cooper, C. Lauryssen, et al., (2007) Adverse swelling associated with use of rh-BMP–2 in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a case study. Spine J, 7(2): p. 235–9.
30.Edwards, C. C., 2nd, C. Dean, C. C. Edwards, et al., (2016) Can Dysphagia Following Anterior Cervical Fusions With rhBMP–2 Be Reduced With Local Depomedrol Application?: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 41(7): p. 555–62.
31.Schroeder, J., J. Weinstein, S. N. Salzmann, et al., (2018) Effect of Steroid-Soaked Gelatin Sponge on Soft Tissue Swelling Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Radiographic Analysis. Asian Spine J, 12(4): p. 656–661.
32.Song, K. J., S. K. Lee, J. H. Ko, et al., (2014) The clinical efficacy of short-term steroid treatment in multilevel anterior cervical arthrodesis. Spine J, 14(12): p. 2954–8.
33.Siasios, I., K. Fountas, V. Dimopoulos, et al., (2018) The role of steroid administration in the management of dysphagia in anterior cervical procedures. Neurosurg Rev, 41(1): p. 47–53.
34.Wu, B., F. Song, and S. Zhu, (2017) Reasons of Dysphagia After Operation of Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion. Clin Spine Surg, 30(5): p. E554-e559.