Study area
The study was carried out in Teda Kebele; which is one of the largest Kebele in Gondar town. It is located 710 km away from Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia, 145 km to the capital city of Amhara regional state, Bihar Dar and 35 km from Gondar town. It has a total population of 12518. From these populations 5917 are males and 6601are females. Of these 2546 women are in the age group of 15–49.Teda kebeles has one governmental and three healths post and three private pharmacies institutions.
Study design and period
A community based cross sectional study was conducted from January to April 13 among women who gave birth within the last two years in Teda Kebele, Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2015.
Sample size and sampling techniques
The sample size required for assessment of the utilization of antenatal care and associated factors among women who gave birth within the last two years in Teda kebeles, Gondar town was calculated using single population proportion formula by considering the following assumption: proportion (p) = 32.3% (8), w = tolerable (margin) of error = 5 % and Z = Z score for 95 % confidence interval = 1.96and considering 5% none response ratethen the final calculated sample size was 352.Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects after getting lists of the study population from health extension workers which is 823 women who gave birth within the last two years and 352 women included in the study by lottery method.
Measurement
Data collection tools and procedures
Structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data which was adapted from relevant literatures and modified to local context. Questionnaires was first prepared in English language then it was translated first in to Amharic and then to English to check consistency. The questionnaire was consisting of Socio demographic characteristics, Reproductive and obstetrics characteristics, and knowledge related questionnaires. Pre-tested structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection purposes. The data was collected by four diploma midwives and supervised by two BSc midwives by those who can speaks and write the local language.
Data quality assurance
The collected data were checked for the completeness, accuracy, clarity and consistency after conducting pre-test. A pre-test was conducted on 5% or 18 child bearing women and the instrument was amended accordingly. Any error, ambiguity or incompleteness identified was corrected immediately. The data collectors were trained for one day about the contents of the questionnaire, methods of data collection and aim of the study. The data collection process was supervised by the supervisor and the investigator throughout the data collection period.
Data processing, Analysis and Interpretation
Data was coded, cleaned and entered by Epi.info version 3.5.3 and analyzed using computer database software and transported to the SPSS version 20 statistical software. Descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentages were used to present the categorical independent variables, and mean/standard deviation was used to describe a continuous variable. Frequency tables and graphs were used to present descriptive results.
For this study, bivariate logistic regression model was fitted as a primary method of analysis. Odds ratios (OR) was computed with the 95% confidence interval (CI) to see the awareness of OBF in relation to the considered associated factors in this research. Independent factors, with a P-value <0.2 obtained in the Bivariate logistic regression were entered into the multiple logistic regression models. Consequently, the most important associated factors were identified using the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Then an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was calculated for the significant predictive variables, and statistical significance was accepted at (P< 0.05).