AA – African American
ABI – ankle-brachial index
ACC – American College of Cardiology
AD – Alzheimer’s disease
AGES – Age, Gene/Environmental Susceptibility Study
AHA – American Heart Association
AH4-I – Alice Heim 4-I
AI – augmentation index
ALS – acute lacunar infarct
aoPWV – aortic pulse wave velocity
apoE4 – apolipoprotein E4
AQT – a quick test of cognitive speed
ARIC – NCS – Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities-Neurocognitive Study
AS – arterial stiffness
AVLT – auditory verbal learning test
baPWV – brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity
BMI – body mass index
BNT – Boston naming test
BP – blood pressure
BVRT – Benton visual retention test
cAI – carotid augmentation index
cAP – carotid augmented pressure
caDC – carotid distensibility coefficient
CAVI – cardio-ankle vascular index
CES-D – Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale
cfPWV – carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity
CHS – Cardiovascular Health Study
CHS-CS – Cardiovascular Health Study- Cognition Study
CIMT – carotid intima-media thickness
CINAHL – cumulated index to nursing and allied health literature
CKD – chronic kidney disease
CMB – cerebral microbleeds
cPP – central pulse pressure
crPWV – carotid-radial pulse wave velocity
CSVD – cerebral small vessels disease
CST part A-B-C – concept shifting test
CT – computer tomography
CV – cardiovascular
CVD – cardiovascular disease
CVLT – California verbal learning test
CVR – cardiovascular resistance
CVRF – cardiovascular risk factors
DBP – diastolic blood pressure
DM – diabetes mellitus
DPR – delayed pattern recall
DSST – digit symbol substitution test
DSSMD – diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
DTI – diffusion tensor imaging
DWR – delayed word recall
EFT – executive function test
EHLS-BDES – Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study – Beaver Dam Eye Study
ELSA – English Longitudinal Study of Aging
ELSA – Brazil – Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health
EPVS – enlarged perivascular spaces
ePWV – estimated pulse wave velocity
ESH – European Society of Hypertension
ESRD – end-stage renal disease
FA – fractional anisotropy
FBDS – forward and backward digit span
FHS – Framingham Heart Study
FSA – focused and sustained attention
ftPWV – finger-toe pulse wave velocity
FW – free water
GDS – geriatric depression scale
HBCS – Heart-Brain Connection Study
HCHS/SOL – Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Health ABC Study – Health Aging and Body Composition Study
HR – heart rate
HTN – hypertension
HTN med – hypertension medication
iCFPWV – inverse carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity
I-M-C – blessed information-memory-concentration test
ISSYS – Investigating Silent Strokes in Hypertensives
LAST – Longitudinal Aging Study of Taipei
LDST – letter-digit substitution test
LMDR – logical memory-delayed recall
LVMi – left ventricle mass index
LVMVR – left ventricle mass-to-volume ratio
MAP – mean arterial pressure
MB – microbleeds
MCI – mild cognitive impairment
MDCS – Malmo Diet and Cancer Study
MDR – memory delayed recall
MF – mental flexibility
MMSE – mini-mental state examination
MoCA – Montreal cognitive assessment
MONICA – monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease
MRI – magnetic resonance imaging
MYHAT – Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team
NHANES – National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
NHB – Non-Hispanic Black
NIHR PROSPERO – National Institute for Health Research International Prospective Register of Systematic Review
NINCDSAD – National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the AD and Related Disorders Association
NINCDS-ADRDA – National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer’s Disease Related Disorders Association
NINDS-AIREN – National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Association Internationale pour la recherche et l’Enseignement en Neurosciences
PACE – Predictors of Arrhythmic and Cardiovascular Risk in ESRD
PARTAGE – Predictive Values of Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Institutionalized and Very Aged Population
Pb – backward pressure amplitude
Pf – forward pressure amplitude
PET – positron emission tomography
Pix – pulsatility index
PP – pulse pressure
PPA – pulse pressure amplification
PRISMA – Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
PROTEGER – Pronostic Cardiovasculaire Optimization Therapeutique en Geriatric Study
PVS – perivascular spaces
PWV – pulse wave velocity
RCT – randomized clinical trial
RF – risk factors
SBP – systolic blood pressure
SI – subcortical infarct
SLI – silent lacunar infarction
SPRINT – Systolic Blood Pressure Interventional Trial
SSTM – spatial short-term memory
TCBV – total cerebral brain volume
TMT A, B – trail making test part A, B
VCI – vascular cognitive impairment
VD – vascular dementia
VFT – verbal fluency test
VLT – verbal learning test
VSL – visual spatial learning
WAIS – Wechsler adult intelligence scale
WF – word fluency
WMH – white matter hyperintensity
WMHV – white matter hyperintensity volume
XSPI – excess pressure integral
YEM – Young’s elastic modulus
Zc – characteristic impedance
3MSE – modified MMSE