Application Result
This research was developed to be a resource for distributing knowledge about kidney disease to the public. It also helps to increase access channels for services in the form of applications. The Ticare application has the main functions as shown in Figure 5 as follows: providing information and knowledge about kidney disease (5a), finding the nearest hospital and navigation system (5b), booking service queues and online nephrology (5c), providing medical specialist calls (5d) and arranging nephrology situation reports in a visual format or Visualization (5e).
In addition, the Ticare application also divides the access rights into 3 levels: Level 1 as a Guest Login (without membership), Level 2 as a Member Login, and Level 3 as an Admin Login. The function of each right is different as follows:
Level 1 : Guest Login Only the functions shown in Figure 6 can be applied. Its main concern is providing information and knowledge about kidney disease (6a, 6b), searching for the nearest medical facility and navigation (6c). If additional functions are required, users must apply for membership first (6d).
Level 2 : Member Login
The same functions as Guest Login are provided where its main concerns are providing information and knowledge about kidney disease, searching for the nearest hospital and navigation system to the medical facility. Other additional functions, such as online booking for onsite services and Telemedicine (7b, 7c), as shown in Figure 7, are also applied. At this level, service users will be able to choose the date and time of each service. Then the system will automatically generate a payment system. Once the payment is complete, the system will provide the documents needed to access the service accordingly. For Telemedicine, in order to call the doctor or specialist (7d), the user can choose the day and time and complete the payment. Once it is complete, the system will automatically make a video call.
Level 3 : Admin Login
At this level, users will be able to use all functions and can add, delete, edit information as shown in Figure 8. Administrators will not be able to apply for membership. If needed, they must be added directly by the developer only.
Subscription in the Ticare, if the users require to use all the functions in the application, they need to subscribe to the system first. The process of applying for membership has been created by the researcher. It is user-friendly and easy to apply. By having Gmail and Facebook as in Figure 9a, once users click on Register with Google or Register with Facebook, they can enter their Gmail or Facebook password to access immediately without having to fill up the application form. If a unique code or password is required by users, the system as shown in Figure 9b can be applicable. However, at this stage, users must enter their Email and a unique code or a password to apply for membership. When filling out all the information, the system can be accessed immediately.
Process in Application
In developing the Ticare application, the aim is to educate and prevent kidney disease in raising awareness of the importance of health and reduce the risk of NCDs that will lead to kidney disease in EEC. With a function to facilitate and serve those who want to receive medical services in Chonburi, this application will increase access to medical services and reduce the risk of road accidents in the area.
In Figure 10, an overview of the system is shown. By default, the user must log in first. If the user does not yet have a password, they can apply for membership or choose to access as a Guest Login. After successfully logging in, service users will automatically visit the home page. This page contains information and news, including reminders regarding the appointments. Core functions such as searching for hospitals will also be visible here. The system will show the current location on the map and directions to the nearest hospital. The next function is to provide knowledge about kidney disease. This page contains news and information about kidney disease such as symptoms, severity of the disease, proper nutrition, etc. The last function is the Online Service Booking where date and time can be reserved to receive services with a medical team or to arrange medical calls (Telemedicine). After completing the payment, users will receive a Ticket with data for accessing services on the chosen date and time.
Overall Function
An overview of all the functions of the Ticare application is shown in Fig. 10. All these functions are prototypes that we have developed to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of the Mobile Health system. It aims to improve and develop a better medical service platform in order to suit the needs of the patients. It can also be another channel to increase access to medical services thoroughly.
Analysis Result
Determining the quality of Ticare application development to increase access to kidney disease services among people in the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC), the results have been analyzed by using the satisfaction questionnaire scores, Taro Yamane's formula [28].
n = sample size
N = population size
e = the error used in the research
The latent population size of Chonburi province is 1,500,000. According to the formula for finding the sample size at +5% error level of Yamane [28], 400 experimental samples were used in the experiment in order to provide an effective and quality reliability. The basic statistics, percentage, mean and standard deviation, were used. The criteria are as follows:
4.51-5.00 means Most Satisfied
3.51-4.50 means very satisfied
2.51-3.50 means moderately satisfied
1.51-2.50 means low level of satisfaction
1.00-1.50 means Least Satisfied
The researcher has conducted a 3-part satisfaction assessment form as shown in Figure 11, 12 and 13 as follows: Part 1 Satisfaction assessment in term of the main utilization consisted of 4 topics, which are the usefulness, the search and navigation system, an online service booking, and the Telemedicine, Part 2 Satisfaction assessment in terms of the system usability consisted of 3 topics, which are the speed of displaying the system, the system providing accurate results that meet the user's needs, and the ease of use, and Part 3 An overall satisfaction assessment of the system.
Regarding the analysis of the Ticare application, the subjects conducted a satisfaction survey to study the efficiency of the application. From the results of the analysis of attitudes towards using the Ticare application, it can be concluded that the satisfactions of using the Ticare application in terms of utilization, system usability, and the overall satisfaction are at a very satisfied level, with x̄ = 4.21, x̄ = 4.23 and x̄ = 4.33 respectively.