1 | Stone Marker, at Luolukou, Wuling District, Changde City | 111°39‘36.0 | 29°01’45.0 | 42 | Built in the 34th year of Qianlong over 34 years (A.D. 1769), it is located on the north bank of the Yuanjiang River flood control embankment (Lin yuan side). The original was built with stones and strips, and then mixed with lime mortar and stones. The stone marks is still in place, which has a flood control effect. |
2 | Stone Marker, at Shawan, Wuling District, Changde City | 111°41′46.53″ | 29°1′25.03″ | 34 | Built in the first year of Tongguang (A.D. 923), the Shawan stone marker in Sanguandian, east of the city, is located in the north bank of the Yuanjiang River flood control embankment. |
3 | Stone Marker,at Bijiacheng, Wuling District, Changde City | 111°41‘00.3 | 29°01’53.5 | 39 | Located in the south of the Yuanjiang River flood control embankment. After being reconstructed by generations, the east and west of the stone marker is ark-shaped, with a length of 84 m from east to west. The north is connected to the Changde flood control embankment; from the arc top to the north is 22 m long and 7 m high. |
4 | Stone Marker, at Huamaoti, Wuling District, Changde City | 111°40‘23.7 | 29°01’59.4 | 44 | Built in the seventh year of Kangxi (A.D. 1968), it is located inside of the north bank of the Yuanjiang River flood control embankment. It is triangle-shaped, originally built with stones and strips. |
5 | Stone Marker, at Nanmen, Wuling District, Changde City | 111°40‘38.5 | 29°01’57.9 | 42 | Built in the Five Dynasties, it has been preserved up to now, with a history of more than a thousand years. It is triangular, 50 m long and 8.3 m high. It was built with stones and mortar. |
6 | Stone marker, at Sifengsi, Wuling District, Changde City | 111°42‘02.8 | 29°00’06.9 | 41 | Built in the 48th year of Wanli (A.D. 1620), it is located on the east bank of Yuanjiang River. Then it was rebuilt in the 31st year of Qianlong (A.D. 1760). In the 1980s, navigation marks and route marks were set up on top of the stone marker. |
7 | Wanshan Water Temple, in Dingcheng District, Changde City | 111°49′26.94″ | 29°0′38.86″ | 39.7 | Built in the 3rd year of Jingyan (A.D. 1275) of the Song Dynasty, with a history of more than 700 years. |
8 | Suihu Water Temple, in Dingcheng District, Changde City | 111°49′40.85″ | 29°8′19.52″ | 51.3 | Zhende Bridge is in the lake area. During the Xianfeng years of Qing Dynasty, a temple was built on the side of Tashui Bridge to suppress floods, named the Water Temple. |
9 | Tiansi Water Temple, in Dingcheng District, Changde City | 111°38′28.09″ | 28°54′18.95″ | 55.0 | The hill is fan-shaped and extends north-south, is wide in the front and narrow in the back, and is about 600 m long. |
10 | Zhugentan Water Temple, in Wuling District, Changde City | 111°40′4.46″ | 29°4′12.18″ | 33.8 | Zhugentan is an important water and land transportation route in the northwest of Changde. The ancients built Shuifu Temple, praying for safety. They worshiped the river God of Chuanzihe River. Not rebuilt today. |
11 | Wanshou Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°25′43.99″ | 28°48′1.49″ | 109.8 | The Shuifu Pavilion was originally built in the late Ming Dynasty and was a three-story brick-wood structure, which has been destroyed. Rebuilt into a four-story pavilion on the top of Xieshan Hill with double eaves, with a height of 36.3 m. |
12 | Wenchang Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°29′4.59″ | 28°54′13.98″ | 41.6 | It was originally built in the 6th year of Yanyou (A.D. 1319) and was destroyed during the late Yuan Dynasty. Rebuilt twice in the 25th year of Jiajing (A.D. 1546) and in the 7th year of Wanli (A.D. 1579). |
13 | Stone Marker, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°28′59.04″ | 28°54′6.75″ | 49.0 | Located on the Yuanshui scenery area of the town. It was built in the 7th year of Yanyou (A.D. 1320) and rebuilt three times in the 16th year of Jiajing (A.D. 1537), 36th year of Wanli (A.D. 1608), and 45th year of Qianlong (A.D. 1780). A stone marker was built in the river channel, triangular in shape, 9.6 m high and 198 m long. It is a water conservancy facility that can slow the impact of floods on the embankment. |
14 | Zhangjiangge Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°29′18.76″ | 28°54′42.57″ | 40.6 | Zhangjiang Pavilion was built in the Hongwu period of Ming Dynasty, and was rebuilt five times in Yongzheng’s second year (A.D. 1724). In the 5th year of Tongzhi (A.D. 1866), it was rebuilt following the architectural pattern of Yueyang Tower. In A.D. 1939, it was blown-up by the Japanese air raid. Rebuilt in A.D. 1956. |
15 | Fengyuqiao Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°18′39.35″ | 28°38′29.88″ | 64.0 | At the end of Qing Dynasty, on the Chengxi River at Shangjiekou in Shaping Town, there was the Fengyu Bridge, named Big Bridge. The bridge was 70 m long and 3 m wide. There were corridor-style pavilions, magnificent, with blue stone as bridge piers, and giant wooden bridge beams. Fengyu Bridge was demolished in the 1970s and General YangSi was enshrined in the middle of the bridge. The bridge is not rebuilt today. |
16 | Fubogong Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°14′21.09″ | 28°44′39.23″ | 61.7 | Fubo Palace is located in Chuanshi Village, Lingjintan Town, on the north bank of Yuanshui River. Statues of MaYuan and General YangSi are enshrined in Fubo Palace at the back of the pavilion. It was rebuilt in A.D. 1992. |
17 | TianTaishan Water Temple, in Tao Yuan County, Changde City | 111°22′55.64″ | 28°47′1.40″ | 69.2 | The date of construction is not known. |
18 | Lotus Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°9′2.77″ | 28°50′7.90″ | 63.0 | Oral: built in Tang Dynasty, destroyed around A.D. 1950. |
19 | Shuixin Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°8′35.11″ | 28°49′41.12″ | 91.7 | Also named as Bingxin Rock. Yang Yao, the leader of the peasant uprising in Dongting Lake area in the early Nansong Dynasty, camped on the top of this mountain and set-up an altar for praying. In recent years, the temple has been repaired and rebuilt. |
20 | Yuntouxian Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°21′39.18″ | 29°14′9.38″ | 64.8 | Before and after the Ming Dynasty, the Jiexi and Tangxi streams met here, so it was called Shuangxikou. The two streams run north to south, and along the stream were small plains, with flat terrain and fertile earth. |
21 | Yangsiqiao Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°29′45.62″ | 29°2′47.10″ | 34.8 | Yangsi Bridge is located in Zou City, where “Zou” means gathering. It is named after the market formed by the three rivers gathering here. Yangsi Bridge has now been destroyed, and the original site is located on the lakeside area between the Hunan mountain area and the Dongting Lake plain. |
22 | Bagongqiao Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°22′24.33″ | 28°49′9.60″ | 38.9 | Yangsi Temple of Bagongqiao Village is located in Jianshi Town in south-central Taoyuan. It is adjacent to Zhangjiang Town in the east and Lingjintan Town in the west. It is a typical hilly area. Jianjia River merges into Yuanjiang River, forming a confluence of rivers and streams. |
23 | EMeishan Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°22′6.37″ | 28°48′8.15″ | 89.4 | Oral: Built during the Qing Dynasty, destroyed at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, rebuilt in A.D. 1982. |
24 | Qigu Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°22′9.26″ | 28°48′53.68″ | 97.0 | Oral: Built in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368), destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, rebuilt in A.D. 1980. |
25 | Wufengshan Water Temple, in Taoyuan County, Changde City | 111°21′10.23″ | 28°53′58.67″ | 109.3 | Oral: Built in Ming Dynasty, destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, rebuilt in A.D. 1988. |
26 | Nanchansi Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 111°35′0.29″ | 28°32′55.39″ | 30 | Wenfeng Tower was built in the Jiajing years and rebuilt in the first year of Kangxi (A.D. 1662). The tower has seven layers and eight sides and is 33.27 m high. Yuanjiang River is around the Temple. |
27 | Linjiashan Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 112°3′15.33″ | 28°42′47.92″ | 64.8 | Located in the southeast of the town, in hilly mountains, the terrain is high in the south and low in the north. The water originates from Linjiachong Forest Farm and flows through four villages, Linjiashan, Majiachong, and others. It flows into Baxian River of Qiaojiawan in Yudepu, and then it empties into Piehong River of Nanhu Lake. |
28 | Yudepu Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 112°1′14.97″ | 28°45′13.99″ | 39.6 | Built in A.D. 1133, it was destroyed in A.D. 1958, and then rebuilt in A.D. 2013. Yangsi Temple at Youdepu connects Great South Lake in the north. It connects with Yuanjiang River from far, and it has a rich water transportation history. |
29 | Taizian Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 111°49′7.94″ | 28°54′23.38″ | 43.0 | The terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. It is surrounded by water on three sides, with a basin shape in the middle. It is located at the top of the upper reaches of Canglang, with Qingni Lake in the middle, Huani Lake in the southeast, and Xiaojia Lake in the northwest. Surrounded by three lakes, it has abundant water resources. |
30 | Zhenlong Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 111°58′34.22″ | 28°55′8.68″ | 31.7 | The “Longyang County Chronicles” printed in the first year of Guangxu recorded: “Zhenlong Pavilion was built by the local people in the Wanli years of Ming Dynasty. It was surrounded by waters. which controlled five streams. Yangtze River to its north, flows thousands of miles.” Zhenlong Pavilion has now been destroyed, and Hanshou No. 2 Middle School was built on it. |
31 | Taizimiao Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 111°56′48.42″ | 28°46′20.49″ | 57.2 | Taizimiao Temple is known as a thousand-year-old town. The “Longyang County Chronicles” records: “The Taizimiao Temple was built during the Han Dynasty.” The Temple is located in a hilly area, with maintains in the southeast, mounds in the west, valleys in the south, and lakes in the northeast. |
32 | Potou Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 112°7′47.10″ | 28°55′8.87″ | 37.8 | Potou County is located at the intersection of Yuanjiang River and west Dongting Lake. It is a typical alluvial plain with fertile land and abundant water resources. It is a water and land transportation hub in Xihu District. |
33 | Yougang Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 112°6′38.11″ | 29°4′3.86″ | 34.2 | Yougang is named after Youshui River. It is located 35 km northeast of the town. Lishui is located to the north and faces Nanxian and Anxiang across the river. Muping Lake is to the east, and faces the distant Yuan River and Chishan Mountains. |
34 | Chongtian Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 112°8′44.66″ | 28°52′2.81″ | 32.5 | Yangtao Lake Town is located on the west coast of Dongting Lake, the south bank of Yuanjiang River, east of Hanshou Town. Muping Lake is to the east. It is an alluvial plain with a pot shape. The periphery is high and the middle is low. |
35 | Shangpinyeyuan Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 111°57′52.95″ | 28°54′45.69″ | 39.2 | Longyang Town is bordered by Yuanjiang River in the north, with undulating hills in the southwest and abundant lakes in the northeast whose waters are vast. Canglang River lies along the southern border, which flows through 10.63 km. |
36 | Longwang Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 112°17′15.53″ | 28°49′50.98″ | 29.2 | Hongzhanshui Temple stands in the center of West Dongting, surrounded by water on three sides, facing Chishan Island on Yuanjiang River. It is the throat of the downstream Yuanjiang River. It was built in the eighth year of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty (A.D. 635) and rebuilt during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. It was demolished in A.D. 1956 and rebuilt in A.D. 1992. |
37 | Sujiayue Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 111°57′52.36″ | 29°0′0.78″ | 38.4 | Located in Gantouzui Town, Sujiayue is in the area extending from Xuefeng Mountain to Dongting Lake. It is high in the south and low in the north, consisting of a landform of flat hilly. Mu Pinghu Lake of Yuanjiang River is to the east, from Gejinkou to Kongjia Lake. |
38 | Baima Water Temple, in Hanshou County, Changde City | 111°46′4.73″ | 28°52′29.74″ | 50.5 | White Horse Village is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. It is surrounded by water on three sides, with a basin shape in the middle. It is located at the top of the upper reaches of Canglang, with Qingni Lakein the middle, Huani Lake in the southeast, and Xiaojia Lake in the northwest. Surrounded by three lakes, it has abundant water resources. |