In (Table 1), the study conducted on (286) COVID 19 confirmed patients, admitted in intensive care unit; divided into two groups: VTE group(66) patients, has male /female38/28, with main age ± SD (47 ± 13), and non VTE group(220) patients, has male /female130/90 with main age ± SD (46 ± 11), although most of the patients were males, no statistical significant differences between the two groups; although the percentage of non smokers, mild smokers, moderate smokers were slightly higher in non-VTE group ( 11%, 30% and 28% Vs. 10.6%, 28.8%, and 27.7% respectively), with higher percentage for heavy smokers in VTE group (33.4% Vs. 31%), there were no significant differences between the two groups.
Table 2 shows the comorbid conditions in the 2 groups; it shows that hypertension, DM, IHD, CVA, rheumatoid arthritis and SLE, were more prevalent in non-VTE group (78%, 73%, 82%, 6.3%, 6.3%, and 5.4% Vs. 76%, 71%, 79%, 4.5%, 4.5%, and 3% respectively); while only malignancy was more in VTE group (11% Vs. 10%). However, there were no statistical significant differences between the two groups in all the comorbid conditions.
Table 3 shows that there were no significant differences in the two groups regarding the laboratories finding, except for D dimer, which was significantly higher in VTE group. Nevertheless, WBC, eosinophils, ESR, ferritin, urea and creatinine were slightly higher in VTE group; while hemoglobin, lymphocytes, platelets and ALT were slightly higher in non-VTE group.
Table 4 shows that all our patients in the 2 groups were categorized according to ACEP 2020, as severe or critically ill patients, with no statistical differences between the 2 groups; but patients in non VTE group were more managed with oxygen mask and non-invasive ventillations (33.6% and 38.2% Vs. 24.2% and 25.7, respectively) with significantly statistic difference. Meanwhile, the patients in the VTE group more significantly managed with mechanical ventillations (50.1%, Vs. 28.2%) with P value less than 0.001. the table also shows that survivors in non VTE groups were significantly more than non VTE group (69.6% Vs. 54.6%), while the deaths were significantly more in VTE group, compared to deaths in non-VTE group (45.4% Vs. 30.4%) with P value less than 0.001.
Table 5 shows that, pulmonary embolism (PE) alone was the most frequent type (68.2%), followed by, DVT with PE (15.1%), DVT alone (12.1%), cavernous sinus thrombosis alone CST (3%) and the least frequency was CST with renal artery thrombi (1.5%).
Table 6 shows that according to Qanadli et al, the pulmonary embolism was lobar in the majority of our patients (69.6%), followed by segmental (17.9%), while the least frequency was for massive pulmonary embolism (12.5%).