Estimates of the remaining carbon budget (RCB) for limiting warming to 1.5°C and well-below 2°C include assumptions about how much warming can be expected from non-CO2 emissions. Here, we uncover the non-CO2 assumptions that underlie the RCB estimates by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. We show how pursuing inadequate CH4 emission reductions causes Paris-compatible RCBs to be exhausted today, effectively putting achievement of the Paris Agreement out of reach.