To effectively prevent and control the spontaneous combustion disaster of open-air coal storage piles, applying the theory of coal spontaneous combustion mechanism, porous media heat transfer, and non-isothermal pipeline heat transfer, a method of arranging water-injected steel pipes in coal piles to prevent coal pile spontaneous combustion is proposed, and COMSOL numerical simulation software is used to analyze the natural ignition process and control effect of open-pit coal piles. The simulation results of the spontaneous combustion process of the coal pile show that the high-temperature zone of spontaneous combustion of the coal pile is located within the range of 0.5 ~ 1.5m inside the wind-receiving surface and 0.5m above the ground, which provides a basis for determining the position of the water-injected steel pipe in the coal pile. The simulation results of a single water-injected steel pipe show that the cooling effect of the water injection steel pipe on the coal pile is positively correlated with the water injection flow and negatively correlated with the water injection temperature; the cooling radius of the water injection steel pipe is related to the circumference of the steel pipe and has nothing to do with the water injection flow. Finally, the simulation of the cooling effect of multiple rows of steel pipes was carried out, and the optimal arrangement parameters were obtained as the center distance of steel pipes of 1m and the water injection flow of 1500L/min; the time for the coal pile to enter the self-heating period was prolonged by 11d, and the time for entering the spontaneous combustion period was prolonged by 56d. The arrangement of water-injection steel pipes in the coal pile has a good effect on the prevention and control of spontaneous combustion of the coal pile.