The BAFs (Sr) will increase by 10.395 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is 7% relationship between calcium and BAF of strontium. The BAF of Zinc will decrease by 4.5971 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is 4% relationship between calcium and BAF of zinc. The BAF of copper will increase by 7.035 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is 16% relationship between calcium and BAF of copper. The BAF of iron will decrease by 0.155 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.04% relationship between calcium and BAF of iron. The BAF of manganese will increase by 17.709 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is 12% relationship between calcium and BAF of manganese.
The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 1.7202 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is a 5% relationship between calcium and BAF factor of cobalt. The BAF of chromium will decrease by 1.8093 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is a 2% relationship between calcium and BAF of chromium. The BAF of lead will decrease by 0.7379 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.7% relationship between calcium and BAF of lead. The BAF of cadmium will increase by 0.6172 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.7% relationship between calcium and BAF of cadmium. The BAF of (Ni) will decrease by 6.5145 with unit increase in calcium. The value of R2 shows that there is a 2% relationship between calcium and BAF of nickel.
The BAF of strontium will decrease by 0.0001 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 7% relationship between iron and BAF of strontium. The BAF of zinc will increase by 0.000002 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.01% relationship between iron and BAF of zinc. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.00003 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 2% relationship.
between iron and BAF of copper. The BAF of calcium will decrease by 0.0001 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is a 2% relationship between iron and BAF of calcium. The BAF of manganese will decrease by 0.0002 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 9% relationship between iron and BAF of manganese. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.00005 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 9% relationship between iron and BAF of cobalt. The BAF of chromium will decrease by 0.00005 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.87% relationship between iron and BAF of chromium. The BAF of lead will decrease by 0.000009 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.97% relationship between iron and BAF of lead. The BAF of cadmium will increase by 0.00003 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 17% relationship between iron and BAF of cadmium. The BAF of nickel will decrease by 0.00004 with unit increase in iron. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.99% relationship between iron and BAF of nickel.
The BAF of strontium will increase by 0.002 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 32% relationship between manganese and bioaccumulation factor of strontium. The BAF of zinc will decrease by 0.0008 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 15% relationship between manganese and BAF of zinc. The BAF of cobalt will increase by 0.0011 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 47% relationship between manganese and BAF of copper. The BAF of calcium will decrease by 0.0006 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 1% relationship between manganese and BAF of calcium. The BAF is iron will decrease by 0.00008 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 1% relationship between manganese and BAF of iron. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.0003 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 18% relationship between manganese and BAF of cobalt. The BAF of chromium will decrease by 0.0004 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 12% relationship between manganese and BAF of chromium. The BAF of lead will increase by 0.0001 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 3% relationship between manganese and BAF of lead. The BAF of cadmium will increase by 0.0002 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 8% relationship between manganese and BAF of cadmium. The BAF of Ni will increase by 0.00005 with unit increase in manganese. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.0079% relationship between manganese and BAF of Ni.
The BAF of strontium will increase by 0.1137 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 18% relationship between chromium and BAF of strontium. The BAF of Zinc will decrease by 0.0818 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 27% relationship between chromium and BAF of zinc. The BAFs of cobalt will increase by 0.0957 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 61% relationship between chromium and BAF of copper. The BAF of calcium will decrease by 0.0783 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 2% relationship between chromium and BAF of calcium. The BAF of iron will decrease by 0.014 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 7% relationship between chromium and BAF of iron. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.0407 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 42% relationship between chromium and BAF of cobalt. The BAF of manganese will increase by 0.2277 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 42% relationship between manganese and BAF of manganese. The BAF of lead will increase by 0.0021 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.12% relationship between chromium and BAF of lead. The BAF of cadmium will decrease by 0.0001 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.00004% relationship between chromium and Bioaccumulation factor of cadmium. The BAF of nickel will increase by 0.002 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.004% relationship between chromium and BAF of nickel.
The BAF of Zinc will increase by 0.00003 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 1% relationship between strontium and BAF of calcium. The BAF of calcium will decrease by 0.000002 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.000006% relationship between strontium and BAF of calcium. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.00008 with unit increase in copper. The value of R2 shows that there is 16% relationship between strontium and BAF of copper. The BAF of iron will decrease by 0.00002 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 5% relationship between strontium and BAF of iron. The BAF of manganese will decrease by 0.0002 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 16% relationship between strontium and bioaccumulation factor of manganese. The BAF of cobalt will increase by 0.00001 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 3% relationship between strontium and BAF of cobalt. The BAF of chromium will decrease by 0.00003 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 5% relationship between strontium and BAF of chromium. The BAF of lead will decrease by 0.000006 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.48% relationship between strontium and BAF of lead. The BAF of cadmium will increase by 0.000007 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.84% relationship between strontium and BAF of cadmium. The BAF of nickel will decrease by 0.00003 with unit increase in strontium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.41% relationship between strontium and BAF of nickel.
The BAF of strontium will decrease by 0.0211 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 14% relationship between cadmium and BAF of strontium. The BAF of zinc will increase by 0.0005 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.02% relationship between cadmium and BAF of zinc. The BAF of Ca will increase by 0.0205 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 4% relationship between cadmium and BAF of calcium The BAF of copper will decrease by 0.0089 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 12% relationship between cadmium and BAF of copper. The BAF of iron will decrease by 0.0047 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 18% relationship between cadmium and BAF of iron. The BAF of manganese will decrease by 0.0328 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 20% relationship between cadmium and BAF of manganese. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.0017 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 2% relationship between cadmium and BAF of cobalt. The BAF of chromium will decrease by 0.0032 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 3% relationship between cadmium and BAF of chromium. The BAF of lead will decrease by 0.0032 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is a 6% relationship between cadmium and BAF of lead. The BAF of nickel will increase by 0.0027 with unit increase in cadmium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.21% relationship between cadmium and BAF of nickel.
The BAF of strontium will decrease by 0.05996 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 5% relationship between lead and bioaccumulation factor of strontium. The BAF of zinc will increase by 0.2812 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 3% relationship between lead and BAF of zinc. The BAF of calcium will increase by 0.18136 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 3% relationship between lead and BAF of calcium. The BAF of copper will decrease by 0.1694 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 2% relationship between lead and BAF of copper. The BAF of iron will decrease by 0.1856 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 13% relationship between lead and BAF of iron. The BAF of manganese will decrease by 0.6304 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 3% relationship between lead and BAF of manganese. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.0658 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 1% relationship between lead and BAF of cobalt. The BAF of chromium will decrease by 0.0797 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 1% relationship between lead and BAF of chromium. The BAF of cadmium will decrease by 0.21 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 18% relationship between lead and BAF of cadmium. The BAFs (Ni) will increase by 0.0746 with unit increase in lead. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.07% relationship between lead and BAF of nickel.
The BAF of strontium will increase by 0.3379 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.41% relationship between nickel and BAF of strontium. The BAF is zinc will decrease by 0.5419 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 3% relationship between nickel and BAF of zinc. The BAF of calcium will decrease by 1.528 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 2% relationship between nickel and BAF of calcium. The BAF of copper will increase by 0.1533 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.4% relationship between nickel and BAF of copper. The BAF of iron will increase by 0.2409 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 5% relationship between nickel and BAF of iron. The BAF of manganese will increase by 0.5332 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.6% relationship between nickel and BAF of manganese. The BAF of cobalt will increase by 0.042 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.19% relationship between nickel and BAF of cobalt. The BAF of chromium will increase by 0.0388 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.06% relationship between nickel and BAF of chromium. The BAF of cadmium will increase by 0.207 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 5% relationship between nickel and BAF of cadmium. The BAF of lead will increase by 0.0423 with unit increase in nickel. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.13% relationship between nickel and BAF of lead.
The BAF of strontium will increase by 0.1137 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 18% relationship between chromium and bioaccumulation factor of strontium. The BAF of zinc will decrease by 0.0818 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 27% relationship between chromium and BAF of zinc. The BAF of calcium will decrease by 0.0783 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is a 2% relationship between chromium and BAF of calcium. The BAF of copper will increase by 0.0957 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 61% relationship between chromium and BAF of copper. The BAF of iron will decrease by 0.014 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is a 7% relationship between chromium and BAF of iron. The BAF of manganese will increase by 0.2275 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 42% relationship between chromium and BAF of manganese. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.0407 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 67% relationship between chromium and BAF of cobalt. The BAF of cadmium will decrease by 0.0001 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.0004% relationship between chromium and BAF of chromium. The BAF of lead will increase by 0.0021 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.12% relationship between chromium and BAF of cadmium. The BAF of nickel will increase by 0.002 with unit increase in chromium. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.004% relationship between chromium and BAF of nickel.
The BAF of strontium will increase by 0.1438 with unit increase in cobalt. The value of R2 shows that there is 21% relationship between cobalt and bioaccumulation factor of strontium. The BAF of Zinc will decrease by 0.0864 with unit increase in cobalt. The value of R2 shows that there is 23% relationship between cobalt and BAF of zinc. The BAF of calcium will decrease by 0.1128 with unit increase in cobalt. The value of R2 shows that there is a 4% relationship between cobalt and BAF of calcium. The BAF of copper will increase by 0.1185 with unit increase in cobalt. The value of R2 shows that there is a 7% relationship between cobalt and BAF of copper. The BAF of iron will decrease by 0.0133 with unit increase in cobalt. The value of R2 shows that there is a 4% relationship between cobalt and BAF of iron. The BAF of manganese will increase by 0.2933 with unit increase in cobalt. The value of R2 shows that there is 53% relationship between cobalt and BAF of manganese. The BAF of chromium will decrease by 0.0432 with unit increase in cobalt.
The BAF of strontium will increase by 0.8152 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is 22% relationship between zinc and BAF of strontium. The BAF of cobalt will decrease by 0.2235 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is 50% relationship between zinc and BAF of zinc. The BAF of calcium will increase by 0.2936 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is 0.94% relationship between zinc and BAF of calcium. The BAF of copper will increase by 0.623 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is 64% relationship between zinc and BAF of copper. The BAF of iron will decrease by 0.0682 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is a 4% relationship between zinc and BAF of iron. The BAFs of manganese will increase by 1.7288 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is a 60% relationship between zinc and BAF of manganese. The BAF of chromium will decrease by 0.2362 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is a 21% relationship between zinc and BAF of chromium. The BAF of cadmium will increase by 0.0642 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is a 4% relationship between zinc and BAF of cadmium. The BAF lead will increase by 0.0603 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is a 2% relationship between zinc and BAF of lead. The BAF of nickel will decrease by 0.0614 with unit increase in zinc. The value of R2 shows that there is 1% relationship between zinc and BAF of nickel (Table 4).
Health risk assessment of Cadmium in Adult and children
The effect of cadmium exposure through different exposure pathways was calculated in adults i.e., ingestion of soil, dermal absorption through soil. The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R14 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.141933 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 9 person out of every 1 million due to soil ingestion in adults. R12 showing HQ, i.e., 0.145 and a CR in 9 persons out of every 1 million persons. The ADD in R1, R5, R6, R10, R13, R15, R16, R18, R19 ranges around 0.000073 with an HQ 0.094, 0.0821, 0.036, 0.0911, 0.09, 0.083, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.09, respectively and 5 to 6 persons per 1 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R2, R3, R4, R8, R9, R11, R17 ranges around 0.001 with HQ 0.111, 0.1033, 0.1008, 0.1008, 0.112, and 0.14 respectively and 3 to 7 persons per million at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 0.036 is in R7 with CR of 2 persons in every 1 million persons.
The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R12 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.000582 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 2 person out of every 10 million due to Cadmium soil dermal in adults. R2 showing HQ, i.e., 0.000447 and a CR in 2 persons out of every 10 million persons. The ADD in R1, R3, R4, R5, R6, R8, R9, R10, R11, R13, R14, R14, R16, R17, R18, and R19 ranges around 3.8022 with an HQ 0.0003, 0.000412, 0.00022, 0.000328, 0.00032, 0.000144, 0.000402, 2.01149E-07, 0.000364, 0.000447, 0.000388, 0.000566, 0.000334, 0.000566, ,0.000265, and 0.000373 respectively and 1 to 2 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R7 1.49E-07 and 7 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 2.01149E-07 is in R9 with CR of 2 persons in every 10 million persons.
The effect of cadmium exposure through different exposure pathway was calculated in children, i.e., ingestion of soil, dermal absorption through soil. The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R12, i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 1.13 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 7 person out of every 1 lakh due to Cadmium soil ingestion in children. R14 showing HQ, i.e., 1.11 and a CR in 7 persons out of every 1 lakh persons. The ADD in R1, R2, R3, R4 R5 R6, R8, R9, R10, R11, R13, R15, R16, R17, R18 and R19 ranges around 0.000612 with an HQ 0.73, 0.87, 0.803, 0.42, 0. 63, 0.62, 0.78, 0.78, 0.708, 0.87, 0.75, 0.65, 0.36, 1.106, 0.51, and 0.72 respectively and 2 to 7 persons per 1 lakh at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 0.28 is in R7 with CR of 1 person in every 1 lakh persons.
The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R12 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.001112 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 7 person out of every 100 million due to Cadmium soil dermal in adults. R14 showing HQ, i.e., 0.001084 and a CR in 7 persons out of every 100 million persons. The ADD in R1, R3, R4, R5, R6, R8, R9, R10, R11, R13, R15, R16, R17, R18, and R19 ranges around 5.8723E-7 with an HQ 0.00722, 0.000853, 0.000788, 00.00042, 0.000626, 0.00061, 0.000275, 0.000769, 0.000695, 0.000854, 0.000741, 0.000639, 0.0036, 0.0001084, 0.000506, and 0.000712 respectively and 2 to 7 persons per 100 million at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 0.000275 is in R7 with CR of 1 person in every 100 million persons (Table 5; Table S3;Table S4).
Health risk assessment of Lead in Adult and children
The effect of lead exposure through different exposure pathways was calculated in adults i.e., ingestion of soil, dermal absorption through soil. The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R6 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 1.172 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 1 person out of every 10000 due to lead soil ingestion in adults. R14 showing HQ, i.e., 3.105857 and a CR in 3 persons out of every 10000 persons. The ADD in R7 6.19143E-07 with an HQ 0.619143 and 7 persons per 1 lakh at cancer risk. The ADD in, R2, R3, R4, R5, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R15, R16, R17, R18, and R19 ranges around 1.57726E-06 with an HQ 1.955643, 1.871571, 1.521429, 1.321429, 1.789857, 1.789857, 1.541929, 1.662286, 1.953286, 2.136071, 3.105857, 1.388071, 2.098571, 1.191429, and 1.877857 respectively and 1 to 3 persons per 10000 at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 0.000559 is in R1 with CR of 2 persons in every 10000 persons.
The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R14 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 3.44233E-06 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 1 person out of every 1 million due to lead soil dermal in adults. R13 showing HQ, i.e., 2.36748E-06 and a CR in 1 person out of every 1 million persons. The ADD in R16, 3.39435E-09 with an HQ 9.42875E-07 and 3 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R15, R17, R18, and R19 ranges around 6.6891 E-09 with an HQ 2.23171E-06, 2.1675E-06, 2.07433E-06, 1.68625E-06, 1.46458E-06, 1.29897E-06, 1.98376E-06, 1.98376E-06, 1.70897E-06, 1.84237E-06, 2.16489E-06, 1.53845E-06, 2.32592E-06, 1.3205E-06, and 2.08129E-06 respectively and 5 to 9 persons per 10 million at cancer risk.. The least HQ, i.e., 6.86217E-07 is in R7 with CR of 2 persons in every 10 million persons.
The effect of lead exposure through different exposure pathways was calculated in adults i.e., ingestion of soil, dermal absorption through soil. The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R5 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.002855 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 1 person out of every 1000 due to lead soil ingestion in children. R14 showing HQ, i.e., 0.00671 and a CR in 2 persons out of every 1000 persons. The ADD in R6, R16, and R18 ranges around 8.317E-06 with an HQ 0.002532, 0.001838, and 0.00574 respectively and 1 person per 10000 at cancer risk. The ADD in R16, 6.61667E-06 with an HQ 0.001838 and 1 person per 1000 at cancer risk. The ADD in R1, R2, R3, R4, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R15, R17, and R19 ranges around 1.131E-05 with an HQ 0.00435, 0.004225, 0.004044, 0.003287, 0.003867, 0.003867, 0.003331, 0.003591, 0.00422, 0.004615, 0.00299, 0.004534, and 0.004057 respectively and 1 to 2 persons per 1000 at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 0.001338 is in R7 with CR of 5 persons in every 10000 persons.
The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R14 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 1.88E-06 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 7 person out of every 10 million due to lead soil dermal in adults. R13 showing HQ, i.e., 1.29E-06 and a CR in 5 persons out of every 10 million persons. The ADD in R4, R5, R6, R15, R16, and R18 ranges around 2.7015E-07 with an HQ 9.2E-07, 7.99E-07, 7.09E-07, 8.4E-07, 5.15E-07, and 7.21E-07 respectively and 2 to 5 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R1, R2, R3, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R17, and R19 ranges around 4.038E-09 with an HQ 1.22E-06, 1.18E-06, 1.13E-06, 1.08E-06, 1.08E-06, 1.08E-06, 1.01E-06, 1.18E-06, 1.27E-06, and 1.14E-06 respectively and 2 to 5 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 3.75E-07 is in R7 with CR of 1 person in every 10 million persons (Table 6; Table S3; Table S4).
Health risk assessment of Chromium in Adult and children
The effect of chromium exposure through different exposure pathways was calculated in adults i.e., ingestion of soil, dermal absorption through soil. The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R11 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 1.02533 E-05 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of person less one out of every 1 lakh due to chromium soil ingestion in adults. R4 showing HQ, i.e., 1.26324E-05 and a CR in 3 persons out of every 1 lakh persons. The ADD in R1, R2, R3, R6, R8, R9, R10, R13, R14, R15, and R17, ranges around 3.9833E-06 with an HQ 1.46533E-06, 6.76238 E-06, 4.19171 E-06, 5.000657 E-06, 4,03245 E-06, 4.03245 E-06, 7.1174 E-06, 6.48167 E-06, 2.44076 E-06, 4.16131 E-06, 8.74848 E-06, respectively and 1 to 3 persons per lakh at cancer risk. The ADD in R14, R16, R18, and R19 ranges 3.18085E-06 around 1.852125E-05 with HQ 2.44076 E-06, 1.20457E-06, 1.64562E-06 and 2.05171E-06, respectively and 2 to 7 persons per 1 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R5, and R12 ranges around 1.852125E-05 with HQ 1.26324E-05, and 1.20626E-05 respectively and 3 persons per 1 lakh at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 1.1421E-06 is in R7 with CR of 3 persons in every 1 million persons
The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R11 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 4.09108E-08 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 1 person out of every 100 million due to chromium soil dermal in adults. R12 showing HQ, i.e., 4.81297E-08 and a CR in 1 person out of every 100 million persons. The ADD in R1, R14, R16, R18, and R19 ranges around 7.613488 E-09 with an HQ 5.84668E-09, 9.73864E-09, 4.80624E-09, 6.56602E-09, and 8.18634E-09 respectively and a CR in 1 to 2 persons per 100 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R4, and R5, ranges around 4.58436E-08 with an HQ 5.04032E-07, and 1.23853E-07 5 respectively and a CR 1 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R2, R3, R5, R6, R8, R9, R10, R13,R15, and R17, ranges around 3.09343E-08 with an HQ 2.69819E-08, 1.6724969819E-08, 1.9976269819E-08, 1.6089569819E-08,2.8398469819E-08, 2.5861969819E-08, 1.6603669819E-08, and 3.4906469819E-08, respectively and a CR 1 to 8 persons per 10 million at cancer risk The least HQ, i.e., 4.5569 E-09 is in R7 with CR of 1 person in every 100 million persons.
The effect of chromium exposure through different exposure pathway was calculated in adults i.e., ingestion of soil, dermal absorption through soil. The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R19 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.00003055 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 6 person out of every 10 million due to chromium soil ingestion in children. R15 showing HQ, i.e., 0.000026475 and a CR in 5 persons out of every 10 million persons. The ADD in R1, R3, R4, R6, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14 and, R17 ranges around 5.6833 E-07 with an HQ 2.58571 E-05, 2.199 E-05, 2.894 E-05, 2.777 E-05, 3.115 E-05, 3.115 E-05, 1.773 E-05, 2.9664 E-05, 2.91786 E-05, 1.846 E-05 ,1.7785 E-05 and 3.0435 E-05 respectively and 2 to 6 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R16 and R18 ranges around 1.1757 E-06 with HQ 5.24571 E-05 and 6.51214 E-05 with CR 1 persons per 1 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R5 and R7 ranges around 0.000002523 with HQ 0.0000228 and 0.00002425 respectively with CR 5 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 1.11893E-05 is in R2 with CR of 2 person in every 10 million persons.
The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R3 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 2.75105E-08 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 8 person out of every 100 million due to chromium soil dermal in children. R12 showing HQ, i.e., 2.62696E-08 and a CR in 7 persons out of every 100 million persons. The ADD in R2, R4, R5, R6, R10, R11, R13, and R17 ranges around 2.547E-08 with an HQ 1.47E-08, .75105E-08, 2.25332E-08, 1.09032E-08, 1.55E-08, 2.23295E-08, 1.41E-08, and 1.90522E-08 respectively and 3 to 8 persons per 100 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R1 and R16 ranges around 4.36 E-09 with an HQ 3.19117E-09 and 2.62329E-09 respectively and 7 to 9 persons per 1 billion at cancer risk. The ADD in R8, R9, and R15 ranges around 1.33E-08 with an HQ 8.78177E-09, 8.78177E-09, and 5.69E-09 respectively and 2 persons per 100 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R14, R18, and R19 ranges around 6.683 E-09with an HQ 5.31544E-09, 3.58379E-09, and 4.46818E-09 respectively and 1 person per 100 million at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 2.48723E-09 is in R7 with CR of 7 person in every 1 billion persons (Table 7; Table S3;Table S4).
Health risk assessment of Nickel in Adult and children
The effect of nickel exposure through different exposure pathways was calculated in adults i.e., ingestion of soil, dermal absorption through soil. The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R19 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.00003055 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 6 persons out of every 10 million due to Nickle soil ingestion in adults. R15 showing HQ, i.e., 0.000026475 and a CR in 5 persons out of every 10 million persons. The ADD in R1, R3, R4, R6, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R16, R17, and R18, ranges around 4.594221 E-07 with an HQ 2.58571E-05, 2.19957E-05, 2.89429E-05, 2.77714E-05, 3.11571E-05, 3.11571E-05, 1.77379E-05, 2.96643E-05, 2.91786E-05, 1.84607E-05, 1.77857E-05, 5.24571E-05, 3.04357E-05, and 6.51214E-05 respectively and 1 to 6 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R5, and R17 0.000000456, and 0.000000485 respectively with HQ 0.0000228, and0.00002425 respectively and 5 persons per 10 million at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e.,1.11893E-05 is in R2 with CR of 2 persons in every 10 million persons.
The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R3 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 8.77629E-08 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 1 person out of every 1 billion due to Nickle soil dermal in adults. R18 showing HQ, i.e., 2.59835E-07 and a CR in 5 persons out of every 1 billion persons. The ADD in R1, R4, R6, R8, R9, R11, R12, R15, R16, R17, and R19 ranges around 2.4866 E-09 with an HQ 1.0317 E07, 1.15482 E-07, 1.10898 E-07, 1.24317 E-07, 1.24317 E-07, 1.18361 E-07, 1.16423 E-07, 1.05635 E-07, 2.09304 E-07, 1.21438 E-07, and 1.21896 E-07 respectively and a CR in 1 to 4 persons per 1 billion at cancer risk. The ADD in R5, R7, R19, R13, and R14, ranges around 1.606 E-09 with an HQ 9.0972 E-08, 9.67575 E-08, 7.07741 E-08, 7.36583 E-08, and 7.0965 E-08 respectively and a CR 1 to 2 persons per 1 billion at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 4.46453E-08 is in R2 with CR of 9 person in every 10 billion persons.
The effect of nickel exposure through different exposure pathway was calculated in children i.e., ingestion of soil, dermal absorption through soil. The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R18 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.0005065 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 1 person out of every 1 lakh due to Nickle soil ingestion in children. R16 showing HQ, i.e., 0.000408 and a CR in 8 persons out of every 1 million persons. The ADD in R1, R3, R4, R5, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R17, and R19, ranges around 3,8188 E-06 with an HQ 0.0002011, 0.000171, 0.00022511, 0.00017773, 0.0018886, 0.002423, 0.0001379, 0.000230, 0.002269, 0.0001435, 0.0001383, 0.000205, 0.0002236, and 0.0002376 respectively and 1 to 5 persons per 1 million at cancer risk. The ADD in R6 0.00000432 with HQ 0.000216 4 persons per 1 million at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 8.70278E-05 is in R2 with CR of 1 person in every 1 million persons.
The highest maximum average daily dose (ADD) was found in R3 i.e., with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 4.9637E-07 and with a carcinogenic risk (CR) of 1 person out of every 1 billion due to Nickle soil dermal in adults. R16 showing HQ, i.e., 3.9984E-07 and a CR in 8 persons out of every 1 billion persons. The ADD in R1, R2, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R17, and R19 ranges around 3.94175 E-07 with an HQ 1.9708 E-07, 1.6765 E-07 ,2.20609 E-07, 1.7578 E-07, 2.116 E-07, 1.8483 E-07, 2.3748 E-07, 2.3748 E-07, 1.35202 E-07, 2.26108 E-07, 2.2240 E-07, 1.407 E-07, 1.3556 E-07, 2.0179 E-07, 2.3198 E-07, and 2.328 E-07 respectively and a CR in 1 to 5 persons per 1 billion at cancer risk. The least HQ, i.e., 8.52872E-08 is in R2 with CR of 9 person in every 1 billion persons (Table 8; Table S3;Table S4).