Management system | System establishment | Defu Che and Zhao (2021), Xu Qiao et al. (2019), Yun Hou et al. (2019), Shaojin Zhang et al. (2016) | The establishment of the management system can help the highway management to obtain timely information on the status of the road, bridges, tunnels and other facilities. |
System perfection | Yun Hou et al. (2019), Defu Che and Zhao (2021), Shaojin Zhang et al. (2016) | According to the characteristics of HPM, it is essential to perfect the management system to make it better serve the actual needs. |
System execution | Mingming Zhou and Zhou (2015), Xu Qiao et al. (2019), Shaojin Zhang et al. (2016) | To closely integrate work practices and ensure the successful implementation of maintenance work, the management system needs to be executed. |
System feedback | Mingming Zhou and Zhou (2015), Shaojin Zhang et al. (2016) | To ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of the management system, it is essential to continuously optimize the management system based on feedback. |
Management resource | Machinery allocation | Zhu (2022), Lv et al. (2022), Mirheli et al. (2020) | Properly allocated machinery can ensure mechanical quality and performance. |
Material supply | Liu et al. (2021), Mohamed and Tran (2022) | Ensure adequate material supply to prepare for maintenance work. |
Material quality | JingHai He et al. (2019), Mohamed and Tran (2022) | Material quality directly affects HPM's effectiveness and ability to continue stable operation. |
Capital investment | El Said and Stammer (2023), Wang (2022), Wang et al. (2020) | Capital investment is an important safeguard for HPM. |
Income situation | El Said and Stammer (2023), Feng Li et al. (2015), Shi et al. (2016) | The income situation of highways affects the rational allocation of HPM resources. |
Mechanical efficiency | Wheat (2017), Ruiz Rodríguez et al. (2022) | Mechanical efficiency affects the effectiveness and economic efficiency of HPM. |
Management cognition | Public cognition | Harvey (2022), Wheat (2017), Love et al. (2022) | The degree of public cognition directly affects the difficulty of HPM management. |
Personnel cognition | Al-Shabbani et al. (2018), Zuluaga et al. (2018) | The degree of personal cognition directly affects their ability to drive safely and civilly on highways. |
Department cognition | Fei Guo and Zhang (2020), Zhao (2020), Sun (2018) | The maintenance department has an in-depth understanding of the purpose and significance of HPM to accurately grasp and implement the maintenance measures. |
Manager capability | Wang (2020c), Ying Liu et al. (2021), Huo (2021), Greven et al. (2022) | Having excellent managerial capabilities is the way to better promote HPM management. |
Sense of responsibility | Menges (2023), Huo (2021) | The sense of responsibility of the maintenance staff guarantees that maintenance work is carried out properly. |
Management decision | Management mode | Wei (2017), Hou (2017), Wang et al. (2020), Mohamed et al. (2022) | To meet the need for fast, efficient and high-quality decision-making under high-load maintenance operations, there is an urgent need to develop scientific and efficient management modes. |
Route selection | Yu et al. (2023), Ji (2015), Wang et al. (2020) | Scientific and reasonable route selection reduces the safety risk of highway operation. |
Timing determination | Yin et al. (2023), Rodoplu et al. (2023), You et al. (2023), Guan et al. (2023) | Determine the optimal maintenance time point reduces the safety risk of highway operation. |
Measure effect | Zou et al. (2022), Wang et al. (2020), Amarasiri and Muhunthan (2022) | To predict the benefits of maintenance efforts, implementation effects need to be measured. |
Maintenance cost | Lei et al. (2024), You et al. (2023), Li et al. (2022), Liu et al. (2022) | Maintenance costs are directly related to the development, implementation and effectiveness of management decisions. |
Management technology | New technology application | Kruachottikul et al. (2021), Dellenbaugh et al. (2020), Jalinoos et al. (2020), Humayun et al. (2022) | To address the current situation of heavy maintenance tasks, new technologies can be applied to improve the durability of pavements and extend the service life of highways. |
Personnel technology | Tang (2021), Wang (2020a), Ruiz Rodríguez et al. (2022) | Improving personal technical skills helps to improve the effectiveness of maintenance management. |
Information utilization | Hijji et al. (2023), Sameen and Pradhan (2016), Tezel and Aziz (2017) | To develop effective maintenance programs, information needs to be fully explored and utilized. |
Information acquisition | Jiang et al. (2023), Hijji et al. (2023), Sameen and Pradhan (2016) | To fully understand the condition and problems of highways, adequate acquisition is required. |
External condition | Government attention | Yang et al. (2023), Hong Zhang et al. (2016), Liu (2019) | Government attention can increase investment and support for HPM management. |
Market competition | Wu et al. (2015), Yarmukhamedov et al. (2020) | Competition in the market helps the development of the highway maintenance industry. |
Work risk | Yao et al. (2023), Sabatino et al. (2015) | The risky nature of maintenance work exacerbates the difficulty of maintenance work to some extent. |
Climate impact | Hernandez et al. (2023), Sentic et al. (2022), Liu et al. (2022), Liu et al. (2019) | Maintenance work is often in the field, open air and other environments, vulnerable to climatic factors. |