Funding: The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.
Data Availability
The data are available to researchers upon request by submitting a proposal in writing to the Principal Investigator of the ARON-1 study, Dr Matteo Santoni, in the Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital.
Competing Interest
Matteo Santoni has received research support and honoraria from Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Ipsen, MSD, Astellas and Bayer, all unrelated to the present paper.
Enrique Grande has received honoraria for speaker engagements, advisory roles or funding of continuous medical education from Adacap, AMGEN, Angelini, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Blueprint, Bristol Myers Squibb, Caris Life Sciences, Celgene, Clovis-Oncology, Eisai, Eusa Pharma, Genetracer, Guardant Health, HRA-Pharma, IPSEN, ITM-Radiopharma, Janssen, Lexicon, Lilly, Merck KGaA, MSD, Nanostring Technologies, Natera, Novartis, ONCODNA (Biosequence), Palex, Pharmamar, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, Servier, Taiho, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, he also has received research grants from Pfizer, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals
R. Kanesvaran has received fees for speaker bureau and advisory board activities from the following companies: Pfizer, MSD, BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, Johnson and Johnson, Merck, Amgen, Astellas and Bayer.
Tomas Buchler has received research support: AstraZeneca, Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, Exelixis, Merck KGaA, MSD, and Novartis, consulting fees from Bristol Myers Squibb, Astellas, Janssen, and Sanofi/Aventis, payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers’ bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Ipsen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Roche, Servier, Accord, MSD, and Pfizer.
Camillo Porta has received honoraria from Angelini Pharma, AstraZeneca, BMS, Eisai, Ipsen and MSD and acted as a Protocol Steering Committee Member for BMS, Eisai and MSD.
Alfonso Gómez de Liaño has received consulting fees from BMS, Ipsen, Merck, MSD, payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers’ bureaus, or educational events from BMS, Ipsen, MSD, Roche, and Pfizer, and research support (institution) from AstraZeneca, MSD and Roche.
Pasquale Rescigno has served as a consultant/advisory board member for MSD, Astra Zeneca, Janssen, Pfizer and travel grant from Ipsen.
Linda Cerbone has received honoraria for advisory boards, speaker engagements and scientific consultancy for educational purposes from AstraZeneca, EISAI, MSD, Ipsen, BMS, A.A.A., past MSD employee in Medical Affairs.
The other authors declare to have no conflicts of interest.
Author contributions: All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Matteo Santoni, Giandomenico Roviello, Enrique Grande, Ugo De Giorgi, Ondrej Fiala, Emmanuel Seront, Javier Molina-Cerrillo, Renate Pichler, Zin W. Myint, Jakub Kucharz, Ravindran Kanesvaran, Thomas Büttner, Martin Pichler, Umberto Basso, Jindrich Kopecky, Maria T. Bourlon, Linda Cerbone, Tomas Buchler, Alvaro Pinto, Alfonso Gómez de Liaño, Caterina Gianni, Anca Zgura, Pasquale Rescigno, Jawaher Ansari, Orazio Caffo, Zsófia Küronya, Maria Giuseppa Vitale, Dipen Bhuva, Martina Catalano, Nuno Vau, Ray Manneh Kopp, Sebastiano Buti, Aristotelis Bamias, Camillo Porta, Kaisa Sunela, and Francesco Massari. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Matteo Santoni and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Ethic approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Marche (CERM) n. 1164/2020 and written informed consent was obtained from all participating patients.
Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.