1. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, Zhao X, et al. China Novel Coronavirus Investigating and Research Team. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-733.
2. Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, Wang W, et al. Genomic characterization and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications of virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet. 2020;395(10224):565-574.
3. World Health Organization. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance. January 28, 2020. Accessed March 5, 2020.
4. Cai Q, Huang D, Yu H, Zhu Z, Xia Z, Su Y, Li Z, et al. Characteristics of Liver Tests in COVID-19 Patients. J Hepatol. 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.006.
5. Tang LSY, Covert E, Wilson E, Kottilil S. Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: A Review. JAMA. 2018;319(17):1802-1813.
6. Chau TN, Lee KC, Yao H, Tsang TY, Chow TC, Yeung YC, Choi KW, et al. SARS-associated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: report of three cases. Hepatology. 2004;39(2):302-310.
7. Lee JY, Kim YJ, Chung EH, Kim DW, Jeong I, Kim Y, Yun MR, et al. The clinical and virological features of the first imported case causing MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea,2015. BMC Infect Dis. 2017;17(1):498.
8. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-513.
9. Zhang Y, Zheng L, Liu L, Zhao M, Xiao J, Zhao Q. Liver impairment in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective analysis of 115 cases from a single center in Wuhan city, China. Liver Int. 2020.DOI: 10.1111/liv.14455.
10. Wu YY, Li HY, Xu XB, Zheng KX, Qi XS, Guo XZ. Clinical features and outcome of treatment for novel coronavirus pneumonia: a meta-analysis. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2020;283(3):240-246.
11. Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang L, Zhang C, Liu S, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(4):420-422.
12. Wichmann D, Sperhake JP, Lutgehetmann M, Steurer S, Edler C, Heinemann A, Heinrich F, et al. Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19. Ann Intern Med. 2020. DOI: 10.1055/a-1178-3551.
13. Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, Krüger N, Herrler T, Erichsen S, Schiergens TS, et al.SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor. Cell. 2020;181(2):271-280.e8.
14. Yan R, Zhang Y, Li Y, Xia L, Guo Y, Zhou Q. Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2. Science. 2020;367(6485):1444-1448.
15. Uhlén M, Fagerberg L, Hallstrom BM, Lindskog C, Oksvold P, Mardinoglu A, Sivertsson A, et al. Proteomics. Tissue-based map of the human proteome. Science. 2015;347(6220):1260419.
16. Hamming I, Timens W, Bulthuis ML, Lely AT, Navis G, van Goor H. Tissue
distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. J Pathol. 2004;203(2):631-637.
17. Chai X, Hu L, Zhang Y, Han W, Lu Z, Ke A, Zhou J, et al. Specific ACE2 Expression in Cholangiocytes May Cause Liver Damage After 2019-nCoV Infection. bioRxiv. 2020;2020.2002.2003.931766.
18. Wang K, Chen W, Zhou Y, Lian J, Zhang Z, Du P, Gong L, et al. SARS-CoV-2 invades host cells via a novel route:CD147-spike protein. Biorxiv. 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.14.988345.
19. Cai G, Cui X, Zhu X, Zhou J. A hint on the COVID-19 risk population disparities in gene expression of three receptors of SARS-Cov. Preprints 2020. 2020020408.
20. Wu Y, Li H, Guo X, Yoshida EM, Mendez-Sanchez N, Levi Sandri GB, Teschke R, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of abnormal liver biochemical tests in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatol Int. 2020;14(5):621-637.
21. Hui CK, Bowden S, Jackson K, Au WY, Fong DY, Lie AK, Chim CS, et al. Clinical significance of intrahepatic hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA in chronic hepatitis B patients who received cytotoxic chemotherapy. Blood. 2005;105(6):2616-2617.
22. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585.
23. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.
24. Zheng Y, Huang Z, Yin G, Zhang X, Ye W, Hu Z, Hu C, et al. Comparative study of the lymphocyte change between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia cases suggesting uncontrolled inflammation might not be the main reason of tissue injury. medRxiv 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.02.19.20024885.
25. Ghany MG, Feld JJ, Chang KM, Chan HLK, Lok ASF, Visvanathan K, Janssen HLA. Serum alanine aminotransferase flares in chronic hepatitis B infection: the good and the bed. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020,5(4):406-417.