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Data Availability statement:
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article.
Competing interests:
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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I declare that there was not any source of funding for this research work.
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Authors’ Contribution:
Ovais Shafi (OS)* is the author of the study and was involved in the idea, concept, design, and methodology of the study, literature search and references. He did the writing, editing, and revision of the manuscript. He was involved in drawing the findings, results, conclusions, implications of the study, interpretation of the data and was involved in all aspects of the study. He prepared and wrote discussion, results, conclusions and all areas of the study. OS extracted and analyzed the data. He was involved in critical evaluation, audit of every aspect of the study, data extraction, adherence of the study to relevant PRISMA guidelines, limitations of the study, references, and all others. He was involved in drawing fig 1. The author read and approved the manuscript.
He investigated the mutational landscape of OSCC through the lens of genes/signaling pathways/TFs involved in the developmental dynamics of oral squamous epithelium: TP53, Notch1, CASP8, CDKN2A, FAT1, PIK3CA, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway, EGFR, DDR2, FBXW7, TERT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β, NF-κB, SHH and JAK/STAT.
Ovais Shafi (OS)*, MBBS - Sindh Medical College - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. He aspires to become an eminent ‘Physician Scientist’. He is devoted to the research in disease development mechanisms, disease origins and therapeutics. OS is also passionate about multiple research areas including clinical trials, clinical medicine, therapeutics, regenerative medicine, precision medicine including gene therapies, finding disease specific targets for gene therapy, role of disease genomics and epigenetics in diagnosis, management, and therapeutics development. He is dedicated to the field of research and clinical medicine.
Email address*: [email protected]
Corresponding author: OS
Correspondence to Ovais Shafi
Aakash (AA) is the co-author of the study. He contributed to the results and conclusions of the study, also contributed to the writing and editing of these sections. In results and conclusions, he contributed to investigating the mutational landscape of OSCC through the lens of genes/signaling pathways/TFs involved in the developmental dynamics of the oral squamous epithelium: TP53, Notch1, CASP8, CDKN2A, FAT1, PIK3CA, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway, EGFR, DDR2, FBXW7, TERT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β, NF-κB, SHH and JAK/STAT.
Aakash MD, currently working as PGY1 in Florida State University Cape Coral Hospital and he is MBBS from Sindh Medical College - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. He is passionate about pursuing fellowship in gastroenterology. His goal is also to translate emerging findings in research of disease development mechanisms/ origins into their clinical implications.
Madiha Haseeb (MH) is the co-author of the study. She contributed to the results and conclusions of the study, also contributed to the writing and editing of these sections. In results and conclusions, she contributed to investigating the mutational landscape of OSCC through the lens of genes/signaling pathways/TFs involved in the developmental dynamics of the oral squamous epithelium: TP53, Notch1, CASP8, CDKN2A, FAT1, PIK3CA, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway, EGFR, DDR2, FBXW7, TERT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β, NF-κB, SHH and JAK/STAT.
Madiha Haseeb, MBBS - Sindh Medical College - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. She has completed her all USMLE examinations and is ECFMG certified. Her areas of interest include internal medicine and neurology. Her future goal includes being a certified internal medicine specialist.
Syeda Urooba Shah (SUS) is the co-author of the study. She contributed to the results of the study, also contributed to the writing and editing of the results section. In the results, she contributed to investigating the mutational landscape of OSCC through the lens of genes/signaling pathways/TFs involved in the developmental dynamics of the oral squamous epithelium: TP53, Notch1, CASP8, CDKN2A, FAT1, PIK3CA, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway, EGFR, DDR2, FBXW7, TERT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β, NF-κB, SHH and JAK/STAT.
Syeda Urooba Shah, MBBS - Sindh Medical College – Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan. She is ECFMG certified and has cleared all three USMLE step exams, currently, she is pursuing residency (in the USA). Areas of Research Interest include disease development mechanisms and disease origins which are the pillars of the field of Medicine.
Manwar Madhwani (MM) is the co-author of the study. He contributed to the results of the study, also contributed to the writing and editing of the results section along with working on the references. In the results, he contributed to investigating the mutational landscape of OSCC through the lens of genes/signaling pathways/TFs involved in the developmental dynamics of the oral squamous epithelium: TP53, Notch1, CASP8, CDKN2A, FAT1, PIK3CA, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway, EGFR, DDR2, FBXW7, TERT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β, NF-κB, SHH and JAK/STAT.
Manwar Madhwani, MBBS - Sindh Medical College – Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan. He is currently a medical officer in an NGO. He is interested in research in disease development mechanisms. His goal is to do Medical Residency in Internal Medicine after completing his ECFMG Certification. He aspires to be a specialist in Cardiology/ Pediatrics.
Raveena (RA) is the co-author of the study. She contributed to the results and conclusions of the study, also contributed to the writing and editing of these sections. In these sections, she contributed to investigating the mutational landscape of OSCC through the lens of genes/signaling pathways/TFs involved in the developmental dynamics of the oral squamous epithelium: TP53, Notch1, CASP8, CDKN2A, FAT1, PIK3CA, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway, EGFR, DDR2, FBXW7, TERT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β, NF-κB, SHH and JAK/STAT.
Raveena, MBBS - Sindh Medical College – Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan. She is passionate about research in surgery and disease development mechanisms including neurodegenerative diseases, oncogenesis and others. She is ECFMG Certified. She is passionate about residency in Internal Medicine/Surgery. Her goal is to make significant impact in the field of Research.
Disha Kumari Kataria (DKK) is the co-author of the study. She contributed to the results of the study. In the results, she contributed to investigating the mutational landscape of OSCC through the lens of genes/signaling pathways/TFs involved in the developmental dynamics of the oral squamous epithelium: TP53, Notch1, CASP8, CDKN2A, FAT1, PIK3CA, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway, EGFR, DDR2, FBXW7, TERT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β, NF-κB, SHH and JAK/STAT.
Disha Kumari Kataria, MBBS - Sindh Medical College – Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
She has completed the USMLE steps 1, 2 (CK), and 3 exams. Currently, she is a medical officer at Ali Medical Center, Jacobabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Her career aspiration is to pursue a residency in internal medicine, driven by her passion for understanding disease development mechanisms and origins. With a keen research interest, she aims to significantly impact the medical field.
Muhammad Danial Yaqub (MDY) is the co-author of the study. He contributed to the results of the study, also contributed to the writing and editing of this section. In results, he contributed to investigating the mutational landscape of OSCC through the lens of genes/signaling pathways/TFs involved in the developmental dynamics of the oral squamous epithelium: TP53, Notch1, CASP8, CDKN2A, FAT1, PIK3CA, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway, EGFR, DDR2, FBXW7, TERT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway, WNT/β-catenin pathway, TGF-β, NF-κB, SHH and JAK/STAT.
Muhammad Danial Yaqub, MBBS - Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. He is currently working as a Trust Grade Doctor at Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, United Kingdom. He has keen interests in Gastroenterology and Clinical Medicine. MDY aspires to be a researcher which can present new data which can pave the way for early diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. His goal is also to translate emerging findings in research of disease development mechanisms/ origins into their clinical implications.
The work and contributions of everyone have been described in detail, the order is randomized and the numbering is just for referencing purpose.