Mpox (previously known as Monkeypox) is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus that can be lethal and is a serious hazard to public health. Despite various efforts to develop effective drugs and vaccines, presently there are relatively few antiviral therapeutics available specific to the disease. The knowledge of the possible drug targets in the Mpox proteome can enhance the to develop specific drugs tailored to specific needs. With this objective, the present study uses various computational approaches to identify and analyze putative therapeutic targets within the Mpox viral proteome. A total of 33 promising drug targets were identified that are critical for the survival and replication of the virus following an in-depth analysis of the proteome of the Mpox virus. Using an array of computational explorations, the structural and functional characteristics of the identified drug targets were analyzed to gain insights into their mechanisms of action. Our findings indicate that several identified therapeutic targets have the potential for the development of effective treatments against the Mpox virus. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive computational analysis of the Mpox viral proteome, identifying prospective therapeutic targets for disease treatment. These findings are critical for developing novel antiviral treatments for this highly infectious and potentially lethal virus.