Breast cancer is a cancer that develops from breast tissue.A lump in the breast, a change in the form of the breast, skin dimpling, milk rejection, fluid emerging from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, or a red or scaly patch of skin are all signs of breast cancer.In those with distant spread of the disease, there may be bone pain, swollen lymph nodes, shortness of breath, or yellow skin.1 Breast cancer can be caused by a number of risk factors, such as obesity, inactivity, alcoholism, ionizing radiation,an early age at first menstruation, having children late in life or not at all, older age,previous breast cancer history, and family history of the disease.2 Most breast cancers (85%) are ductal carcinoma – derived from the lining of the mammary ducts. 10% are lobular carcinoma – derived from the mammary lobes – or mixed ductal/lobular carcinoma. Rarer types include mucinous carcinoma (around 2.5% of cases; surrounded by mucin), tubular carcinoma (1.5%; full of small tubes of epithelial cells), medullary carcinoma (1%; resembling "medullary" or middle-layer tissue), and papillary carcinoma (1%; covered in finger-like growths).3
Moringa oleifera (MO) (Family: Moringaceae) is a perennial angiosperm plants, which includes several other species.4 It is a native of the Himalayan region and is widely grown in Saudi Arabia and other tropical and subtropical regions of the world.It is referred to as the "benzoil tree," "drumstick tree," "golden shower tree," "horseradish tree," and "ben oil tree." The plant is used as a traditional medicine for treating a wide range of ailments, including skin conditions, respiratory issues, dental and ear infections, hypertension, diabetes, anemia, and cancer.5
Network pharmacology can provide an effective solution to identify the association between targets, diseases, and drugs, revealing the result from a holistic view. As a useful tool for systematically evaluating and demonstrating the rationality of drugs, it has now been widely accepted. Molecular docking is a theoretical simulation method that mainly studies intermolecular interactions and predicts their binding mode and affinity. It can be used to determine the binding sites and binding affinity of drugs and target proteins.6