Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and material
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Competing interests
There are no conflicts of interest to declare.
Funding
This work was supported in part by the NIH Common Fund, NIH/NHGRI grant 15-HG-0130 [JAP, JC and RH] and the Potocsnak Center for Undiagnosed and Rare Disorders at Vanderbilt.
Author contributions
Yutaka Furuta drafted the article. Rory J Tinker, Rizwan Hamid, Joy D. Cogan, Kimberly M. Ezell, Devin Oglesbee, Ralph J. DeBerardinis, and John A. Phillips, III helped to draft the article. All authors read, corrected and approved the final article.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the patient for participating in the UDN. This work was supported in part by the NIH Common Fund, NIH/NHGRI grant 15-HG-0130 [JAP, JC and RH] and the Potocsnak Center for Undiagnosed and Rare Disorders at Vanderbilt. Consortia: Collaborators of the Undiagnosed Disease Network [UDN] include, Maria T. Acosta, David R. Adams, Raquel L. Alvarez, Justin Alvey, Aimee Allworth, Ashley Andrews, Euan A. Ashley, Ben Afzali, Carlos A. Bacino, Guney Bademci, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Dustin Baldridge, Jim Bale, Michael Bamshad, Deborah Barbouth, Pinar Bayrak-Toydemir, Anita Beck, Alan H. Beggs, Edward Behrens, Gill Bejerano, Hugo J. Bellen, Jimmy Bennett, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Gerard T. Berry, Anna Bican, Stephanie Bivona, Elizabeth Blue, John Bohnsack, Devon Bonner, Lorenzo Botto, Lauren C. Briere, Gabrielle Brown, Elizabeth A. Burke, Lindsay C. Burrage, Manish J. Butte, Peter Byers, William E. Byrd, John Carey, Thomas Cassini, Sirisak Chanprasert, Hsiao-Tuan Chao, Ivan Chinn, Gary D. Clark, Terra R. Coakley, Laurel A. Cobban, Joy D. Cogan, Matthew Coggins, F. Sessions Cole, Heather A. Colley, Rosario Corona, William J. Craigen, Andrew B. Crouse, Michael Cunningham, Precilla D’Souza, Hongzheng Dai, Surendra Dasari, Joie Davis, Jyoti G. Dayal, Margaret Delgado, Esteban C. Dell'Angelica, Katrina Dipple, Daniel Doherty, Naghmeh Dorrani, Argenia L. Doss, Emilie D. Douine, Dawn Earl, David J. Eckstein, Lisa T. Emrick, Christine M. Eng, Marni Falk, Elizabeth L. Fieg, Paul G. Fisher, Brent L. Fogel, Jiayu Fu, William A. Gahl, Emily Glanton, Ian Glass, Page C. Goddard, Andrea Gropman, Meghan C. Halley, Rizwan Hamid, Neal Hanchard, Kelly Hassey, Nichole Hayes, Frances High, Anne Hing, Fuki M. Hisama, Ingrid A. Holm, Jason Hom, Martha Horike-Pyne, Alden Huang, Yan Huang, Sarah Hutchison, Wendy Introne, Kosuke Izumi, Gail P. Jarvik, Jeffrey Jarvik, Suman Jayadev, Orpa Jean-Marie, Vaidehi Jobanputra, Emerald Kaitryn, Shamika Ketkar, Dana Kiley, Gonench Kilich, Shilpa N. Kobren, Isaac S. Kohane, Jennefer N. Kohler, Susan Korrick, Deborah Krakow, Donna M. Krasnewich, Elijah Kravets, Seema R. Lalani, Christina Lam, Brendan C. Lanpher, Ian R. Lanza, Kimberly LeBlanc, Brendan H. Lee, Richard A. Lewis, Pengfei Liu, Nicola Longo, Sandra K. Loo, Joseph Loscalzo, Richard L. Maas, Ellen F. Macnamara, Calum A. MacRae, Valerie V. Maduro, Audrey Stephannie Maghiro, Rachel Mahoney, May Christine V. Malicdan, Laura A. Mamounas, Teri A. Manolio, Rong Mao, Ronit Marom, Gabor Marth, Beth A. Martin, Martin G. Martin, Julian A. Martínez-Agosto, Shruti Marwaha, Allyn McConkie-Rosell, Alexa T. McCray, Elisabeth McGee, Matthew Might, Mohamed Mikati, Danny Miller, Ghayda Mirzaa, Eva Morava, Paolo Moretti, Marie Morimoto, John J. Mulvihill, Mariko Nakano-Okuno, Stanley F. Nelson, Shirley Nieves-Rodriguez, Donna Novacic, Devin Oglesbee, James P. Orengo, Laura Pace, Stephen Pak, J. Carl Pallais, Jeanette C. Papp, Neil H. Parker, Leoyklang Petcharet, John A. Phillips III, Jennifer E. Posey, Lorraine Potocki, Barbara N. Pusey Swerdzewski, Aaron Quinlan, Deepak A. Rao, Anna Raper, Wendy Raskind, Genecee Renteria, Chloe M. Reuter, Lynette Rives, Amy K. Robertson, Lance H. Rodan, Jill A. Rosenfeld, Elizabeth Rosenthal, Francis Rossignol, Maura Ruzhnikov, Marla Sabaii, Jacinda B. Sampson, Timothy Schedl, Kelly Schoch, Daryl A. Scott, Elaine Seto, Vandana Shashi, Emily Shelkowitz, Sam Sheppeard, Jimann Shin, Edwin K. Silverman, Janet S. Sinsheimer, Kathy Sisco, Kevin S. Smith, Lilianna Solnica-Krezel, Ben Solomon, Rebecca C. Spillmann, Andrew Stergachis, Joan M. Stoler, Kathleen Sullivan, Shirley Sutton, David A. Sweetser, Virginia Sybert, Holly K. Tabor, Queenie K.-G. Tan, Amelia L. M. Tan, Arjun Tarakad, Herman Taylor, Mustafa Tekin, Willa Thorson, Cynthia J. Tifft, Camilo Toro, Alyssa A. Tran, Rachel A. Ungar, Tiina K. Urv, Adeline Vanderver, Matt Velinder, Dave Viskochil, Tiphanie P. Vogel, Colleen E. Wahl, Melissa Walker, Nicole M. Walley, Jennifer Wambach, Jijun Wan, Lee-kai Wang, Michael F. Wangler, Patricia A. Ward, Daniel Wegner, Monika Weisz Hubshman, Mark Wener, Tara Wenger, Monte Westerfield, Matthew T. Wheeler, Jordan Whitlock, Lynne A. Wolfe, Heidi Wood, Kim Worley, Shinya Yamamoto, Zhe Zhang, Stephan Zuchner.