Paxillus ammoniavirescens Contu & Dessì, in Dessì & Contu, Micol. Veg. Medit. 13(2): 123 (1999) GenBank # PP758271 (Fig. 2–4)
Morphological characterization
Pileus 6–7 cm in diameter, convex shape, depressed from center, surface smooth, incurved from margins and undulating, shiny and brown color (Hue 10 YR). Gills Adnate, plane margins, crowded spacing, parallel tissue, Lamellulae 2 tiers, color yellow (Hue 25 YR). Stipe 1.5-2 cm eccentrical with rhizoids, smooth surface, yellow in color (Hue 25 YR).
Anatomical characterization
Basidiospores (1.0-)1.04–1.57(-1.58) ×(0.51-)0.7–1.33(-1.38)µm, (avl×avw = 1.33×1.008µm), oblong in shape, germ pore, gutulate present, apiculus not prominent, light brown in KOH, Basidia 3.1–4.2×0.6–1.04µm (avl×avw = 3.51×0.90µm) narrowly uniform. Cystidia 3.04–6.05×0.77–1.95µm (avl×avw = 4.13×1.45µm) narrowly clavate. Pileipellis hyphae 0.77–1.77 µm wide (avw = 1.40) irregular, septate. Stipitipellis hyphae 0.83–2.08 µm wide (avw = 1.48) inverse, sptate.
Phylogenetic analysis
All ITS-rDNA sequences for phylogenetic analysis of the Paxillus genus were obtained from the NCBI GenBank database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and preferably published sequences have been included in the analysis from Ping et al. (2020). In the phylogenetic analysis, all the species of Paxillus recovered into three major clades with one out-group with Auricularia species, where all Paxillus species (Paxillus olivellus P.-A. Moreau, J.-P. Chaumeton, Gryta & Jargeat, P. rubicundulus, P.D. Orton 1969, P. adelphus J.-P. Chaumeton, Gryta, Jargeat & P.-A. Moreau 2016, P. involutus (Batsch) Fr. 1838, P. ammoniavirescens Contu & Dessì 1999, P. cuprinus Jargeat, Gryta, J.-P. Chaumeton & Vizzini 2014, P. obscurosporus C. Hahn 1999 and Auricularia heimuer F. Wu, B.K. Cui & Y.C. Dai 2014 arranged in sub-clades. Clades represent monophyletic groups, including an ancestor and all of its descendants. The numbers at the branch points indicate bootstrap values. Higher values (closer to 100) suggest stronger statistical support for that grouping. Phylogenetic relationships were determined using the maximum likelihood method using 1000 bootstrap replicates. Each species is associated with an alphanumeric code (e.g., NR158692, KU163489), likely representing specific DNA sequence accession numbers. Each branch node in the phylogenetic tree represents a common ancestor shared by the species or samples connected to it. The arrangement of branches reflects how closely related the species are based on genetic data. The tree focuses on a group within the genus Paxillus (Fig. 5).
Table 1
List of species used for phylogenetic analysis, Studied Pakistani taxon is mentioned in bold font.
Sr. no | Accession Numbers | Species name | Locality | References |
1 | JN661712 | Paxillus ammoniavirescens | England | Ping et al. 2020 |
2 | JN661714 | P. ammoniavirescens | England | Ping et al. 2020 |
3 | KF261367 | P. obscurisporus | France | Ping et al. 2020 |
4 | KF261386 | P. obscurisporus | France | Ping et al. 2020 |
5 | EU078724 | P. Involutus | Sweden | Ping et al. 2020 |
6 | EU078740 | P. involutus | Sweden | Ping et al. 2020 |
7 | KF261393 | P. Involutus | France | Jargeat et al. 2014 |
8 | KF261402 | P. involutus | France | Jargeat et al. 2014 |
9 | KF261371 | P. cuprinus | France | Jargeat et al. 2014 |
10 | KF261379 | P. cuprinus | France | Jargeat et al. 2014 |
11 | KM396776 | Auricularia heimuer | China | Wu et al. 2014 |
12 | KM396777 | A. heimuer | China | Wu et al. 2014 |
13 | KF261368 | P. Involutus | France | Direct Submission in Genbank |
14 | MW354998 | P. ammoniavirescens | Hungary | Direct Submission in Genbank |
15 | HQ207700 | P. obscurosporus | Germany | Direct Submission in Genbank |
16 | KU163490 | P. adelphus | France | Direct Submission in Genbank |
17 | KU163510 | P. adelphus | France | Direct Submission in Genbank |
18 | NR158830 | P. adelphus | Europe | Direct Submission in Genbank |
19 | KU163502 | P. rubicundulus | Europe | Direct Submission in Genbank |
20 | NR147640 | P. rubicundulus | Europe | Direct Submission in Genbank |
21 | KU163501 | P. olivellus | France | Direct Submission in Genbank |
22 | KU163511 | P. olivellus | Europe | Direct Submission in Genbank |
23 | MT458559 | P.olivellus | Greece | Direct Submission in Genbank |
24 | MT458558 | P.olivellus | Greece | Direct Submission in Genbank |
25 | KU163489 | P. olivellus | Europe | Direct Submission in Genbank |
26 | NR158829 | P. olivellus | France | Direct Submission in Genbank |
27 | PP758271 | Paxillus ammoniavirescens | Pakistan | This paper |