To investigate how leaf volatiles from Salix alba affect the orientation of Nematus hequensis Xiao adults towards host plant in the China, and to contribute to the development of plant-based attractants for N. hequensis, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was employed. This method was used to extract, identify, and screen leaf volatiles of S.alba aged 10–15 years during the peak eclosion period of N. hequensis. Electroantennogram (EAG) and Y-shaped olfactometry assays were utilized to identify volatiles with relative content > 1% and determine the optimal concentration for attracting 1-day-old unmated female and male healthy adults.As a result,The findings revealed that 15 types of volatiles with relative content exceeding 1% included aldehydes, benzenes, esters, olefins, ethers, alcohols, and alkanes. Among these, three aldehydes ((E)-2-hexenal2, benzaldehyde, and benzaldehyde,2-hydroxy) elicited the strongest EAG response in both adults at a concentration of 100ug/µL, with (E)-2-hexenal2 exhibiting a greater effect than benzaldehyde,2-hydroxy, which in turn was more effective than benzaldehyde. At this concentration, the attractive effects of (E)-2-hexenal2 and benzaldehyde on both adults were also significant. Furthermore, cis-3-hexenyl isovalerate demonstrated a significant repellent effect on female adults at 10µg/µL. Notably, Butanoic acid,3-hexenyl ester, (Z),cis-3-hexenyl isovalerate, and benzaldehyde,2-hydroxy at concentrations of 1µg/µL, 10µg/µL, and 100µg/µL exhibited significant repellent effects on male adults.Unmated adults of N. hequensis exhibited varying degrees of EAG response to 15 volatiles. Remarkably, (E)-2-hexenal2 and benzaldehyde elicited significant EAG responses and attracted behavioral responses both male and female adult Nematus hequensis Xiao at 100 µg/µL.