Radiographic signs of cavernoma on plain chest X-ray with signs suggestive of malignancy: cavernous wall thickness > 3 mm 35% cavernous wall thickness > 5 mm 65%.
Irregular margins: irregular margins on one side of the cavern 25% irregular margins on both sides of the cavern 75%.
Calcifications of cavernous walls 3%, presence of cavernoma with clinical history of malignancy (metastases - clinical symptoms suggestive of calcification), 75%, cavernous lesion is located close to the pulmonary umbilicus, suspicion of desquamous carcinoma 35%, tuberculous cavernomas in the context of pulmonary metastases (malignant cavernous appearance), 42%.
CT radiological findings that diagnosed cavernous bronchopulmonary neoplasia, cave diameter more than 5 cm, cave diameter less than 1 cm, regular cave wall thickening, irregular cave wall thickening, cave wall calcification 5%, post-injection non-universal wall enhancement 87%, moderate enhancement 13%, presence of normality within the cave content 32%, cave content density 200–350 50%, 400–800 50%, cave wall tissue density 75 Hounsfield units 52%, 42 Hounsfield units 48%,
Radiological signs observed in the home scan The home scan was not performed for all patients due to its unavailability and high cost. 80 cases were monitored. The home scan was performed in Al-Madinah Hospital and Al-Khatib Center in Damascus, the uptake signs, uptake of the radioactive isotope 18.F in all cases, as uptake was considered an indicator of the presence of malignancy. SOV radioisotope uptake measurement less than 2.5 benign lesion, more than 2.5 malignant lesion, lesions that showed uptake of the radioactive material 80 cases of 3.5 -5 35%, 5–10 35%, 10–14 35%,
Comparison of malignant findings by PET scan with surgical results exceeded 97% accuracy, and 95% sensitivity, histological form of malignancy after surgery for cavernous lesions, desquamous carcinoma 59%, adenocarcinoma 13%, metastases 25%, rare malignancies 3%,
Some cases were followed up after surgery by PET scan, their number was 35 cases, no uptake 90%, physiological non-malignant uptake physiological non-malignant uptake 7%, presence of uptake due to recurrence 3%,
Cave cases that depended on diagnosis by CT and were considered Malignant and followed up after surgery 232 cases were diagnosed and were malignant by CT scan. Upon reviewing the files, the number of cases proven to be malignant was 200 out of 232, i.e. 86%. The 200 patients were followed up after surgery. Complete recovery and normal images were observed after 4 months in 25%, complete recovery and normal images after 8 months in 50%, complete recovery after a full year in 85%, relapse cases in 15%, cave remnants in 5%. The final diagnosis and follow-up were approved by CT scan and simple imaging in the second degree, and cases of cavernous metastases included 42% of the sample, with a single cave 11%, several caves spread randomly 25%, caves with peripheral spread 49%, central cave or caves 15%, metastatic caves in breast cancer 65%, in lung cancer 19%, in colon cancer 15%, miscellaneous 1%
Clinical symptoms observed in the context of cave exploration Clinically, hemoptysis 85%, chest pain 72%, cough 80%, general pain 65%, general weakness 35%, sweating and fever 92%,
Laboratory, elevated sedimentation rate 98%, elevated white blood cell count 95%, elevated CRP 85%, tuberculin reaction 3%.
In the context of following up on the diagnosis of lung caverns with malignant features, comprehensive radiological investigations were monitored to search for distant metastases. Among these radiological means to search for metastases in the brain, axial brain scan with injection 35%, brain MRI with injection 12%, to search for bone metastases, a scintigraphy was performed in 35%, to search for pelvic metastases, an axial abdominal CT was performed in all patients.