Table 1. Composition of dental resin system with SMA-ME or SMA-MEO
Resin system
|
Components (wt.%)
|
SMA-ME(MEO)
|
Bis-GMA
|
TEGDMA
|
CQ
|
DMAEMA
|
SMA-ME(MEO)-10%
|
10
|
44.3
|
44.3
|
0.7
|
0.7
|
SMA-ME(MEO)-20%
|
20
|
39.3
|
39.3
|
0.7
|
0.7
|
SMA-ME(MEO)-30%
|
30
|
34.3
|
34.3
|
0.7
|
0.7
|
Table 2. Degree of conversion (DC) and Volumetric Shrinkage (VS) of experimental dental resin system
Resin system
|
DC (%)
|
VS (%)
|
Control
|
66.5±1.2a,A
|
10.2±0.3a,A
|
SMA-MEO-10%
|
66.2±0.9a
|
8.1±0.3b,*
|
SMA-MEO-20%
|
67.2±0.8a
|
7.5±0.6c,*
|
SMA-MEO-30%
|
62.7±1.4a
|
6.7±0.3d,*
|
SMA-ME-10%
|
63.3±1.9A
|
9.1±0.4B
|
SMA-ME-20%
|
65.8±1.5A
|
8.8±0.2B
|
SMA-ME-30%
|
63.0±2.9A
|
8.2±0.4C
|
a The same lowercase letter indicates that there is no statistical difference between resin systems with and without SMA-MEO (p = 0.05).
A The same uppercase letter indicates that there is no statistical difference between resin systems with and without ME (p = 0.05).
* The asterisk refers the statistical difference between resin systems with different SMAs at the same mass ratio in resin system (p = 0.05).
Table 3. Water sorption (WS), solubility (SL), and diffusion coefficient of water (DCW) of cured resins
Resin system
|
WS (%)
|
SL (%)
|
DCW×108 (cm2∙s-1)
|
Control
|
4.09±0.06a,b,A
|
0.73±0.09a,A
|
1.49±0.10a,A
|
SMA-MEO-10%
|
3.94±0.12a
|
0.82±0.11a
|
2.35±0.09b,*
|
SMA-MEO-20%
|
4.15±0.04b,*
|
1.38±0.08b,*
|
3.14±0.21c,*
|
SMA-MEO-30%
|
4.37±0.11c,*
|
1.44±0.07b,*
|
3.15±0.07c,*
|
SMA-ME-10%
|
3.97±0.07A
|
0.72±0.01A
|
1.87±0.08B
|
SMA-ME-20%
|
3.78±0.04B
|
1.00±0.01B
|
2.45±0.19C
|
SMA-ME-30%
|
3.75±0.08B
|
1.30±0.05C
|
4.44±0.25D
|
a The same lowercase letter indicates that there is no statistical difference between cured resins with and without SMA-MEO (p = 0.05).
A The same uppercase letter indicates that there is no statistical difference between cured resins with and without ME (p = 0.05).
* The asterisk refers the statistical difference between cured resins with different SMAs at the same mass ratio in resin system (p = 0.05).
Table 4. Contact angles and surface free energy (SFE) of cured resins.
Resin system
|
Contact angles (°)
|
SFE (mJ·m-2)
|
Water
|
Diiodomethane
|
Control
|
70.29±3.69a,A
|
48.38±4.35a,A
|
38.86±2.74a,A
|
SMA-MEO-10%
|
101.61±2.29b
|
64.70±2.53b
|
26.37±1.83b
|
SMA-MEO-20%
|
114.65±1.53c
|
76.97±1.53c
|
20.41±1.22c
|
SMA-MEO-30%
|
118.10±2.74c
|
82.97±3.15d,*
|
17.25±1.46d,*
|
SMA-ME-10%
|
100.51±2.27B
|
64.58±1.66B
|
26.20±0.60B
|
SMA-ME-20%
|
117.71±2.48C
|
77.40±1.08C
|
21.02±0.97C
|
SMA-ME-30%
|
117.31±2.48C
|
74.67±1.37D
|
22.90±0.93C
|
a The same lowercase letter indicates that there is no statistical difference between cured resins with and without SMA-MEO (p = 0.05).
A The same uppercase letter indicates that there is no statistical difference between cured resins with and without ME (p = 0.05).
* The asterisk refers the statistical difference between cured resins with different SMAs at the same mass ratio in resin system (p = 0.05).