Student perception about online learning is mandatory to assess, before applying in Sudan, for the reasons that such type of learning is new and unusual for Sudanese HPS. Therefore, they will be unfamiliar with it, although many factors are affecting, obstacles, and other challenges that face the implementation of online learning, as demonstrated in the table (1), at the same time, there is no other option to continue student learning safely during the contemporary pandemic.
Potentially, student perception will be a basis to discover HPS comprehension and understanding about online learning concerning their conditions and current circumstances.
This study indicates that postgraduates have a higher positive perception compared to Undergraduates about online Learning as illustrated in figure (1). Also, represent that more than three-quarters of HPS are familiar with online learning and heard about it before, undergraduates mainly from social media particularly Facebook while postgraduates from educational websites and have previous experience with a hybrid of synchronous and asynchronous. This is Similar to the Study done by Al gahtani et al, which shows that there is a Growing positive perception of E-learning, but the Level of acceptance Remains Low. The current study, besides consistent with Elshami et als' study that reported a student satisfaction with online may improve by the enactment of Hybrid learning. Moreover, Stated that tow-third of Students that they familiar with and heard about E-learning, but more than two-thirds reported that they did not attend any E-learning Courses. (20)
According to Present findings, half of the undergraduates and almost three quadrants of postgraduates are intersection hybrid online learning, this in parallel with Elshamis'
study which advocates a Hybrid of synchronous and asynchronous online approaches that advantages in increasing student engagement, notably when incorporating different applications with the learning management systems used to engage students in online learning. (20)
In another study, Abbasi et al, state that two-thirds of the student have a negative perception towards E-learning, and Ayob et als' study that finds more than three-quarters of students have Negative perceptions toward E-learning. Both studies are consistent but they are Contradictory to the current study and previous study that was performed by Binshehab et al and Indicated, that both under and postgraduate students' perception of online Learning is positive. (21, 22)
In addition, the present study finds that there is a significant association between perception and Age of undergraduates.
This is consistent with the study of Teo et al. and Ngamporudna et al. which implies that younger students have a greater level of E-learning acceptance. (23, 24)
Moreover, the present study discloses a significant association between perception and gender of postgraduates, and an insignificant association between the perception and age as well as with College. Perception's variation with gender which, is also evident in the study of Al gahtani et al., that attain Female Students express a greater perception about cheating and Fraud during E-learning despite the male students attending more E-learning courses. Additionally, there is a variation in the level of perception concerning the college type. As the most eminent perception is, perceive in the college of sciences and Health, that Support present verdicts, which assert the postgraduates of Medical laboratory colleges, have the leading perception amidst other HP postgraduates of colleges, whereas the undergraduates of Medicine are, prove utmost perception amongst undergraduates of other HP colleges as illustrated in figure (1).
Furthermore, Females manifest a lower level of perception than males according to a study done by Ibrahim et al.This is supporting by Toe et al study, which reports that females own a lower level of perception. On another hand, the Present study conveys a significant association between the age of the undergraduate students and social media as a source of the perception about online Learning. Even more, there is an association between the collaboration platforms with live video communication as an appropriate method for online Learning and Student Characteristics as a variable that affects the effectiveness of online learning.This could explain why another study noticed that most of the students believe that cellular phones could be handled effectively as teaching methods as cell phones facilitate the use of these platforms. (26) The extant result revealed that two-third prefer as well as considering the possibility of practicing online learning currently. More than three-quadrant of students agreed that the major obstacle against online learning is Network mainly then student readiness interaction a, collaboration, in order, this consented with- Martines I G, et al concern that students choose mobile for their learning because student-teacher interaction through mobile is Easier Compared to other Devices(27). Present findings also support Suvyawanshi DM, et al, as one-third of students preferred Traditional Classroom Teaching, and the main barrier against online learning is the unavailability of speed internet and as well as teacher-student interaction. May justify by India is developing countries like Sudan.
In the end, there was a difference in the level of perception between the under and postgraduate Sudanese health professional students, as postgraduate students boast an advanced positive perception towards online learning compared to undergraduates.