1. Zhang ZH, Pei D. Walnut. 1st ed. Beijing: China Agricultural Press; 2018.
2. Wang XY, Zhang ZH, Li QY, Zhao HR, Zhao YP. Analysis of fatty acids composition and content in walnut varieties. Acta Nutri Sini. 2004; 26(6): 499-501.
3. Zhao SG, Zhao YP, Wang HX, Zhang ZH. Physieal/chemieal characeteirsties and fatty acid composition of walnut oil. J Chin Cereal Oil Ass. 2008; 23(2): 85-8.
5. Vingrys AJ, Armitage JA, Weisinger HS, Bui BV, Sinclair AJ, Weisinger RS. The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in retinal function. In: Mostofsky DI, Yehuda S and Salem N, editors. Fatty Acids: Physiological and Behavioural Functions. New Jersey: Humana Press; 2001. p. 193-217.
6. Lu YD, Chi XY, Li ZX, Yang QL, Li FC, Liu SF, Gan QH, Qin S. Isolation and characterization of a stress- dependent plastidial Δ12-fatty acid desaturase from the antarctic microalga chlorella vulgaris NJ-7.Lipids. 2010; 45(2): 179-87.
7. Xue Y, Chen B, Win AN, Fu C, Lian J, Liu X, Wang R, Zhang X, Chai Y. Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene family from two ω-3 sources, Salvia hispanica and Perilla frutescens: cloning, characterization and expression. PLoS One. 2018; 13(1): e0191432.
8. Majou D. Evolution of the human brain: the key roles of DHA (ω-3 fatty acid) and Δ6-desaturase gene. OCL. 2018; 25(4): A401.
9. Miller CN, Polasek LK, Oliveira AC, Frost CJ, Maniscalco JM. Milk fatty acid composition of perinatal and foraging steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus): examination from pup stomachs. Can J Zool. 2018; 96(2): 153-62.
10. Shanklin J, Cahoon EB. Desaturation and related modifications of fatty acids. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 1998; 49: 611-41.
11. Rawlings BJ. Biosynthesis of fatty acids and related metabolites. Nat Prod Rep. 1998; 15(3): 275-308.
12. Ntambi JM, Buhrow SA, Kaestner KH, Christy RJ, Sibley E, Kelly TJ, Lane MD. Differentiation-induced gene expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Characterization of a differentially expressed gene encoding stearoyl-CoA desaturase. J Biol Chem. 1988; 263(33): 17291-300.
13. Shanklin J, Somerville C. Stearoyl-acyl-carrier-protein desaturase from higher plants is structurally unrelated to the animal and fungal homologs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1991; 88(6): 2510-14.
14. Kachroo A, Shanklin J, Whittle E, Lapchyk L, Hildebrand D, Kachroo P. The Arabidopsis stearoyl-acyl carrier protein-desaturase family and the contribution of leaf isoforms to oleic acid synthesis. Plant Mol Biol. 2007; 63(2): 257-71.
15. Chen D, Yu Y, Yue C, Wang PJ, Chen J, Chen GX, Ye NX. Cloning and expression analysis of Δ12-fatty acid desaturase in tea plants. Journal of Tea Science. 2017; 37(6): 541-50.
16. Gibson S, Arondel V, Iba K, Somerville C. Cloning of a temperature-regulated gene encoding a chloroplast ω-3 desaturase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol. 1994; 106(4): 1615-21.
17. Mcconn M, Hugly S, Browse J, Somerville Chris. A mutation at the fad8 locus of Arabidopsis identifies a second chloroplast ω-3 desaturase.Plant Physiol. 1994; 106(4): 1609-14.
18. Iba K, Gibson S, Nishiuchi T, Fuse T, Nishimura M, Arondel V, Hugly S, Somerville C. A gene encoding a chloroplast ω-3 fatty acid desaturase complements alterations in fatty acid desaturation and chloroplast copy number of the fad7 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem. 1993; 268(32): 24099-105.
19. Hernandez ML, Sicardo MD, Martinezrivas JM. Differential contribution of endoplasmic reticulum and chloroplast ω-3 fatty acid desaturase genes to the linolenic acid content of olive (Olea europaea) fruit. Plant Cell Physiol. 2016; 57(1): 138-51.
20. Los DA, Murata N. Structure and expression of fatty acid desaturases. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1998; 1394(1): 3-15.
21. Arondel V, Lemieux B, Hwang I,Gibson S, Goodman H, Somerville C. Map-based cloning of a gene controlling omega-3 desaturation in Arabidopsis. Science. 1992; 258(5086): 1353-5.
22. Cui YP, Liu Z J, Zhao YP, Wang YM, Huang Y, Li L, Wu H, Xu SX, Hua JP. Overexpression of heteromeric GhACCase subunits enhanced oil accumulation in upland cotton. Plant Mol Biol Rep. 2017; 35(2): 287-97.
23. Voellcer TA, Hayes TR, Cranmer AC. Genetic engineering of a quantitative trait: Metabolic and genetic parameters influencing the accumulation of laurate in rapeseed. Plant J. 1996; 9(2): 229-41.
25. Xiao LJ, Zhang Y, Wu T, Ning DL, Mao YL. Fatty acid content and nutritional evaluation of Yunnan purple kernel walnut. China Oils and Fats. 2014; 39(9): 94-7.
26. Li WB, Lei F, Song W, Luo J, Bi WS, Liu Y, Xu LX, Zhao X. Accumulation dynamics of fatty acid in soybean seed and screening of candidate gene related to linolenic acid metabolism. J Northeast Agri Univ. 2017; 48(11): 1-8.
27. Unver T, Wu ZY, Sterck L, Turktas M, Lohaus R, Li Z, Yang M, He LJ, Deng TQ, Escalante FJ, Llorens C, Roig FJ, Parmaksiz I, Dundar E, Xie FL, Zhang BH, Ipek A, Uranbey S, Erayman M, Ilhan E, Badad O, Ghazal H, Lightfoot DA,Kasarla P, Colantonio V, Tombuloglu H, Hernandez P, Mete N, Cetin O, Van MM, Yang H, Gao Q, Dorado G, Vande P. Genome of wild olive and the evolution of oil biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017; 114(44): 201708621.
28. Chi XY, Yang QL, Lu YD, Wang JY, Zhang QF, Pan LJ, Chen MN, He YN, Yu SL. Genome-wide analysis of fatty acid desaturases in soybean (Glycine max). Plant Mol Biol Rep. 2011; 29(4): 769-83.
29. Ruan J, Shan L, Li XG, Guo F, Meng JJ, Wan SB, Peng ZY. Genome-wide identification and expression pattern analysis of peanut FAD gene family. Shandong Agri Sci. 2018; 50(6): 1-9.
30. Feng J, Dong Y, Liu W, He Q, Daud MK, Chen J, Zhu S. Genome-wide identification of membrane-bound fatty acid desaturase genes in Gossypium hirsutum and their expressions during abiotic stress. Sci Rep. 2017; (7)1: 1-12.
31. Pirtle IL, Kongcharoensuntorn W, Nampaisansuk M, Knesek JE, Chapman KD, Pirtle RM. Molecular cloning and functional expression of the gene for a cotton Δ12-fatty acid desaturase (FAD2). Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2001; 1522(2): 122-9.
32. Jin UH, Lee JW, Chung YS, Lee JH, Yi YB, Kim YK. Characterization and temporal expression of a ω-6 fatty acid desaturase cDNA from sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds. Plant Sci. 2001; 161(5): 935-41.
33. Martínezrivas JM, Sperling P, Lühs W, Heinz E. Spatial and temporal regulation of three different microsomal oleate desaturase genes (FAD2) from normal-type and high-oleic varieties of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Mol Breeding. 2001; 8(2): 159-68.
34. Huang CY, Huang YJ, Wu JF, Huang R, Luan YM, Zhang SM, Wang ZJ, Zhang QX, Huang JQ. SAD and FAD genes regulate the ratio of unsaturated fatty acid components in Carya cathayensis. Acta Hortic Sin. 2018; 45(2): 250-60.
35. Cavaliersmith T. Intron phylogeny:a new hypothesis. Trends Genet. 1991; 7(5): 145-8.
36. Rzhetsky A, Ayala FJ, Hsu LC, Chang C, Yoshida A. Exon/intronstructure of aldehyde dehydrogznase genes supports the “introns-late” theory. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997; 94(13): 6820-25.
37. Hita WD, Carlson TJ, Booth JR, Kinney AJ, Stecca KL, Yada NS. Cloning of a higher-plant plastid ω-6 fatty acid desaturase cDNA and its expression in a Cyanobacterium. Plant Physiol, 1994; 105(2): 634-41.
38. Banilas G, Moressis A, Nikoloudakis N, Hatzopoulos P. Spatial and temporal expressions of two distinct oleate desaturases from olive (Olea europaea L.).Plant Sci.2005; 168(2): 547-55.
39. Teixeira MC, Coelho N, Olsson ME, Brodelius PE, Carvalho IS, Brodelius M. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of three ω-6 desaturase genes from purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). Biotechnol Lett. 2009; 31(7): 1089-101.
41. Puttick D, Dauk M, Lozinsky S, Smith MA. Overexpression of a FAD3 desaturase increases synthesis of a polymethylene-interrupted dienoic fatty acid in seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana L.Lipids. 2009; 44(8): 753-7.
42. Domínguez T, Hernández ML, Pennycooke JC, Jiménez P, Martínez-Rivas JM, Carlos S, Eric JS, José JS and Maite S. Increasing ω-3 desaturase expression in tomato results in altered aroma profile and enhanced resistance to cold stress. Plant Physiol, 2010; 153(2): 655-65.
43. Ni XF, Zhao CZ, Li H, Zhang M. Construction of TmFAD2 and BnFAD3 double-gene expression vector and fatty acid analysis of transgenic plants. Acta Agric Boreali-Occident Sin. 2014; 23(10): 112-9.
44. Murakami Y, Tsuyama M, Kobayashi Y, Kodama H, Iba K. Trienoic fatty acids and plant tolerance of high temperature. Science. 2000; 287(5452): 476-9.
45. Liao XJ, Wang XJ, Wang B, Liu AZ. Cloning of the promoter of the key enzyme gene PvFAD3 from Sacha Inchi and its transcriptional activation analyses. Plant Physiol J. 2017; 53(1): 79-88.
46. Wang SY, Han B, Zhou SM, Xu J. Expression of functional genes related to fatty acid synthesis of oil flax. Chinese J of Oil Crop Sci. 2016; 38(6): 771-7.
47. Banik M, Duguid S, and Cloutier S. Transcript profiling and gene characterization of three fatty acid desaturase genes in high, moderate, and low linolenic acid genotypes of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and their role in linolenic acid accumulation. Genome. 2011; 54(6): 471-83.
48. Vrinten P, Hu Z, Munchinsky MA, Qiu RX. Two fad3 desaturase genes control the level of linolenic acid in flax seed. Plant Physiol. 2005; 139(1): 79-87.
49. He Y, Zeng J, Wu M,Zhang CK, Zhang Y. Stability for discrete-time genetic regulatory network with time-verying interval delays. Control Theor Appl. 2012; 29(11): 1465-70.
50. Pradet-Balade B, Boulmé F, Beug H, Müllner EW, Garcia-Sanz JA. Translation control: bridging the gap between genomics and proteomics?. Trends Biochem Sci. 2001; 26(4): 225-9.
51. Makandar R, Nalam V, Chaturvedi R, Jeannotte R, Sparks AA, Shah J. Involvement of salicylate and jasmonate signaling pathways in Arabidopsis interaction with Fusarium graminearum. Mol Plant Microbe In. 2010; 23(7): 861-70.
52. Suza WP, Avila CA, Carruthers K, Kulkarni S, Goggin FL, Lorence A. Exploring the impact of wounding and jasmonates on ascorbate metabolism. Plant Physiol Bioch. 2010; 48(5): 337-50.
53. Chen H, Pan CD, Wang B, Hu Y, Xiao ZZ, He M. The relationship among nutrients' accumulation and dynamic changes of fatty acids in seed development of walnut. J Hebei Agri Univ. 2016; 39(1): 57-62.
54. Finn RD, Coggill P, Eberhardt RY, Eberhardt RY, Eddy SR, Mistry J, Mitchell AL, Potter SC, Punta M, Qureshi M, Sangrador-Vegas A, Salazar GA, Tate J, Bateman A. The Pfam protein families database: towards a more sustainable future. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(Database issue): D279-85.
55. Guo A, Zhu Q, Chen X, Luo J. GSDS: a gene structure display server. Yi Chuan. 2007; 29(8): 1023-6.
56. Bai CK. Fatty acids analysis in Decaisnea insignis and Akebia trifoliate seed oil by GC-MS. Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin. 2007; 27(5): 1035-8.