[1] Abdi RD, Gillespie BE, Vaughn J, Merrill C, Headrick SI, Ensermu DB, D’Souza DH, Agga GE, Almieda RA, Olivier SP, Kerro Dego O: Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from dairy cows and genetic diversity of resistant isolates. Foodborne Pathog. Dis. 2018, 15(7):449-458. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2017.2362
[2] Aubry-Damon H, Grenet K, Sall-Ndiaye P, Che D, Cordeiro E, Bougnoux M, Rigaud E, Le Strat Y, Lemanissier V, Armand-Lefe` vre L, Delzescaux D, Desenclos J, Lie´nard M, Andremont A: Antimicrobial resistance in commensal flora of pig farmers. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2004, 10:873–879.
[3] Barkema HW, Schukken YH, Zadoks RN: Invited Review: The role of cow, pathogen, and treatment regimen in the therapeutic success of bovine Staphylococcus aureus J. Dairy Sci. 2006, 89(6):1877-1895.
[4] Bauer AW, Kirby WM, Sherris JC, Turck M: Kirby Bauer method antimicrobial susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. J. Clin. Pathol. 1966, 45(4):493–496. https://doi.org/10/1093/ajcp/45.4 ts.493
[5] Bennedsgaard TW, Thansborg SM, Aarestrup, F.M., Enevoldsen, C., Vaarst, M., Christoffersen, A.B: Resistance to penicillin of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cows with high somatic cell counts in organic and conventional dairy herds in Denmark. Acta Vet. Scand. 2006, 48:24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-48-24.
[6] Clinical and Laboratory Standards. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Twentieth Information Supplement M100-S20. Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2008.
[7] Clinical Institute Laboratory Standards. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Twenty-second Informational Supplement M100-S22. Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2012.
[8] Clinical and Laboratory Standards. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standard for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: Twenty-fifth information supplement M100-S25. Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2015.
[9] Clinical and Laboratory Standards. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial disc and dilution susceptibility tests for bacteria isolated from animals: Approved Standard - Third Edition M31-A3. Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2015.
[10] Food and Agriculture Organisation. How to feed the world in 2050. Rome 2009, 1-6.
[11] Hajek V: Staphylococcus intermedius, a new species isolated from animals. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1976. 26:401–408.
[12] Haran KP, Godden SM, Boxrud D, Jawahir S, Bender JB, Sreevatsan S: Prevalence and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from bulk tank milk from Minnesota dairy farms. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2012, 50(3):688-695. doi:1128/JCM.05214-11.
[13] Johler S, Moser M, Engl C, Tasara T, Corti S, Chen J, Stephan R.:A Coagulase- and α-glucosidase- negative variant of Staphylococcus aureus: a challenge for routine microbiological diagnostics. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2012, 5(50):1827-1828. doi:10.1128/JCM.06345-11.
[14] Karzis J, Petzer IM, Donkin EF, Naidoo V: Proactive udder health management in South Africa and antimicrobial resistance monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds from 2001 to 2010. JSAVA 2018, 89(0):a1490. doi.10.4102/jsava v89i0-1490.
[15] Karzis J, Petzer IM, Donkin EF, Naidoo V, Etter EMC: Climatic and regional antibiotic resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk samples of dairy herds in South Africa between 2000 and 2010. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 2019, 86(1):a1674. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v86i1.1674.
[16] Klevens RM, Morrison MA, Nadle J, Petit S, Gershman K, Ray S, Harrison LH, Lynfield R, Dumyati G, Townes JM, Craig AS, Zell ER, Fosheim GE, McDougal LK, Carey RB, Fridkin SK, Investigators ABCs AM: Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the United States. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 2007, 298:1763–1771.
[17] Kwon N, Park K, Jung W, Youn H, Lee Y, Kim S, Bae W, Lim J, Kim J, Kim J, Hong S, Park Y: Characteristics of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat and hospitalized dogs in Korea and their epidemiological relatedness. Vet. Microbiol. 2006, 117, 304–312.
[18] Lactodata. Milk SA. 2013. http://milksa.co.za/category/all-reports/industry-information. Accessed 7 June 2017.
[19] Machado AB, Machado MFR, Picoli SU: An investigation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) in domestic and shelter dogs in Montenegro (RS-Brazil). Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 2017, 18(4):542-548. doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402017000400005.
[20] Medleau L, Long RE, Brown J, Miller WH: Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus species isolated from canine pyodermas. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1986, 47:229–231.
[21] National Department of Health. Surveillance resistance and consumption of antibiotics in South Africa. 2018.
[22] National Mastitis Council. Microbiological procedures for the diagnosis of bovine udder infection and determination of milk quality - Fourth edition. 2004. http://www.nmconline.org. Accessed 1 August 2017.
[23] Nickerson SC, Owens WE, Boddie RL: Symposium: Mastitis in dairy heifers: initial studies on prevalence and control. J. Dairy Sci. 1995, 78:1607-1618.
[24] Petzer IM, Karzis J, Watermeyer JC, van der Schans TJ, Badenhorst R: Trends in udder health and emerging mastitogenic pathogens in South African dairy herds. JSAVA 2009, 80(1):17-22.
[25] Petzer IM, Karzis J, Donkin EF, Webb EC: A pathogen-specific approach towards udder health management in dairy herds: Using culture and somatic cell counts from routine herd investigations. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 2016, 83(1):12. doi: https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v83i1.1146.
[26] Petzer, IM, Karzis J, Donkin EF, Webb EC, Etter EMC: Somatic cell count thresholds in composite and quarter milk samples as indicator of bovine intramammary infection status. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 2017, 84(1):a1269. https://doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v84i1.1269
[27] Petzer IM, Karzis J: Virulence, antibiotic resistance and diagnostics of CNS isolated from milk of SA dairy cows. RuVasa Congress, Umhlanga Rocks, South Africa 2019.
[28] Salmon SA, Watts JL, Aarestrup FM, Pankey JW, Yancey RJ Jr: Minimum inhibitory concentrations for selected antimicrobial agents against organisms isolated from the mammary glands of dairy heifers in New Zealand and Denmark. J. Dairy Sci. 1998, 81(2):570–578.
[29] Sasaki T, Kikuchi K, Tanaka Y, Takahashi N, Kamata S, Hiramatsu K: Reclassification of phenotypically-identified Staphylococcus intermedius J. Clin. Microbiol. 2007, 45:2770–2778.
[30] Schmidt LH: The MIC50/MIC90: assessments of in vitro activities of antimicrobial agents that facilitate comparative agent-agent and agent-species susceptibility comparisons. Newslett. 1987. 4(1):1-8.
[31] Schmidt T, Kock MM, Ehlers MM: Diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility profiling of staphylococci isolated from bovine mastitis cases and close human contacts. J. Dairy Sci. 2015, 98:6256-6269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9715.
[32] Sol J, Sampimon OC, Snoep JJ, Schukken YH: Factors associated with bacteriological cure during lactation after therapy for subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. J. Dairy Sci. 1997, 80(11):2803-08.
[33] Swinkels JM, Cox P, Schukken YH, Lam TJ: Efficacy of extended cefquinome treatment of clinical Staphylococcus aureus J. Dairy Sci. 2013, 96(8):4983-92. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-6197.
[34] Voss A, Loeffen F, Bakker J, Klaassen C, Wulf M:Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pig farming. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2005, 11:1965–1966.
[35] Wallmann J, Kaspar H, Kroker R: The prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility of veterinary pathogens isolated from cattle and pigs: national antibiotic resistance monitoring 2002/2003 of the BVL. Münch. Tierärztl. 2004, 117(11-12):480-492.
[36] Weese JS, van Duijkeren E: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in veterinary medicine. Vet. Microbiol. 2010, 140(3-4):418-29. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.01.039.