1. O'Neill S, O'Driscoll L. Metabolic syndrome: a closer look at the growing epidemic and its associated pathologies. Obesity Reviews. 2015;16(1):1-12.
2. WHO. Obesity and overweight 2020 [updated 4/2020. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/.
3. Rhee E-J. Being Metabolically Healthy, the Most Responsible Factor for Vascular Health. Diabetes Metab J. 2018;42(1):19-25.
4. Vekic J, Zeljkovic A, Stefanovic A, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V. Obesity and dyslipidemia. Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental. 2019;92:71-81.
5. Larsen MA, Goll R, Lekhal S, Moen OS, Florholmen JR. Delayed clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in young, healthy obese subjects. Clinical Obesity. 2015;5(6):349-57.
6. Tenenbaum A, Klempfner R, Fisman EZ. Hypertriglyceridemia: a too long unfairly neglected major cardiovascular risk factor. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2014;13:159.
7. Huet F, Roubille C, Roubille F. Is hypertriglyceridemia atherogenic? Current opinion in lipidology. 2019;30(4):291-9.
8. Stern JenniferH, Rutkowski JosephM, Scherer PhilippE. Adiponectin, Leptin, and Fatty Acids in the Maintenance of Metabolic Homeostasis through Adipose Tissue Crosstalk. Cell Metabolism. 2016;23(5):770-84.
9. Harris RBS. Direct and indirect effects of leptin on adipocyte metabolism. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease. 2014;1842(3):414-23.
10. Wang ZV, Scherer PE. Adiponectin, the past two decades. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology. 2016;8(2):93-100.
11. Naylor C, Petri Jr WA. Leptin Regulation of Immune Responses. Trends in Molecular Medicine. 2016.
12. Unamuno X, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Rodríguez A, Becerril S, Frühbeck G, Catalán V. Adipokine dysregulation and adipose tissue inflammation in human obesity. European Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2018;48(9):e12997.
13. Souza RA, Alves CMR, de Oliveira CSV, Reis AF, Carvalho AC. Circulating levels of adiponectin and extent of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas. 2017;51(2):e6738.
14. Aizawa-Abe M, Ogawa Y, Masuzaki H, Ebihara K, Satoh N, Iwai H, et al. Pathophysiological role of leptin in obesity-related hypertension. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2000;105(9):1243-52.
15. Andreoli MF, Donato J, Cakir I, Perello M. Leptin resensitization: a reversion of leptin resistant states. J Endocrinol. 2019.
16. Elias CF, Purohit D. Leptin signaling and circuits in puberty and fertility. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 2013;70(5):841-62.
17. Lustig RH, Sen S, Soberman JE, Velasquez-Mieyer PA. Obesity, leptin resistance, and the effects of insulin reduction. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. 2004;28(10):1344-8.
18. Larsen MA, Isaksen VT, Moen OS, Wilsgaard L, Remijn M, Paulssen EJ, et al. Leptin to adiponectin ratio – A surrogate biomarker for early detection of metabolic disturbances in obesity. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2018.
19. Li G, Xu L, Zhao Y, Li L, Fu J, Zhang Q, et al. Leptin-adiponectin imbalance as a marker of metabolic syndrome among Chinese children and adolescents: The BCAMS study. PLOS ONE. 2017;12(10):e0186222.
20. Kang DR, Yadav D, Koh S-B, Kim J-Y, Ahn SV. Impact of Serum Leptin to Adiponectin Ratio on Regression of Metabolic Syndrome in High-Risk Individuals: The ARIRANG Study. Yonsei Medical Journal. 2017;58(2):339-46.
21. Magkos F, Fraterrigo G, Yoshino J, Luecking C, Kirbach K, Kelly ShannonC, et al. Effects of Moderate and Subsequent Progressive Weight Loss on Metabolic Function and Adipose Tissue Biology in Humans with Obesity. Cell Metabolism. 2016;23(4):591-601.
22. Clamp LD, Hume DJ, Lambert EV, Kroff J. Enhanced insulin sensitivity in successful, long-term weight loss maintainers compared with matched controls with no weight loss history. Nutrition &Amp; Diabetes. 2017;7:e282.
23. Nymo S, Coutinho SR, Torgersen L-CH, Bomo OJ, Haugvaldstad I, Truby H, et al. Timeline of changes in adaptive physiological responses, at the level of energy expenditure, with progressive weight loss. British Journal of Nutrition. 2018;120(2):141-9.
24. Ryan DH, Yockey SR. Weight Loss and Improvement in Comorbidity: Differences at 5%, 10%, 15%, and Over. Current Obesity Reports. 2017;6(2):187-94.
25. Nordic Council of Ministers. Nordic nutrition recommendations 2012. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers,; 2014. Available from: http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:704251/FULLTEXT01.pdf.
26. Norwegian Directorate of Health. Dietary Advice to promote Public Health and prevent Chronic Diseases. Oslo: Helsedirektoratet (Norwegian Directorate of Health); 2015 [cited 2015 11/24/15]. 2014:[Available from: https://helsedirektoratet.no/publikasjoner/helsedirektoratets-kostrad.
27. Matsuda M, DeFronzo RA. Insulin sensitivity indices obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing: comparison with the euglycemic insulin clamp. Diabetes Care. 1999;22(9):1462-70.
28. Matthews D, Hosker J, Rudenski A, Naylor B, Treacher D, Turner R. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologica. 1985;28(7):412-9.
29. Isaksen VT, Larsen MA, Goll R, Florholmen JR, Paulssen EJ. Hepatic steatosis, detected by hepatorenal index in ultrasonography, as a predictor of insulin resistance in obese subjects. BMC obesity. 2016;3:39.
30. Bi X, Loo YT, Henry CJ. Does Circulating Leptin Play a Role in Energy Expenditure? Nutrition. 2018.
31. Cohen JC. Chylomicron triglyceride clearance: comparison of three assessment methods. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 1989;49(2):306-13.
32. Lekhal S, Børvik T, Nordøy A, Hansen J-B. Increased Postprandial Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Levels in Elderly Survivors of Myocardial Infarction. Lipids. 2008;43(6):507-15.
33. Alaby Martins Ferreira Y, Claudia Pelissari Kravchychyn A, de Castro Ferreira Vicente S, Munhoz da Silveira Campos R, Tock L, Missae Oyama L, et al. Influence of magnitude of weight loss on Adipo/lep ratio in adolescents with obesity undergoing multicomponent therapy. Cytokine. 2020;131:155111.
34. Talaei M, Nazem F, Ranjbar K. The impact of rapid weight loss (4%) on leptin, adiponectin, and insulin resistance in elite adult free style wrestlers. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness. 2017;57(4):434-40.
35. Elloumi M, Ben Ounis O, Makni E, Van Praagh E, Tabka Z, Lac G. Effect of individualized weight-loss programmes on adiponectin, leptin and resistin levels in obese adolescent boys. Acta Paediatrica. 2009;98(9):1487-93.
36. Frühbeck G, Catalán V, Rodríguez A, Gómez-Ambrosi J. Adiponectin-leptin ratio: A promising index to estimate adipose tissue dysfunction. Relation with obesity-associated cardiometabolic risk. Adipocyte. 2018;7(1):57-62.
37. Frühbeck G, Catalán V, Rodríguez A, Ramírez B, Becerril S, Salvador J, et al. Adiponectin-leptin Ratio is a Functional Biomarker of Adipose Tissue Inflammation. Nutrients. 2019;11(2):454.
38. Rosenbaum M, Murphy EM, Heymsfield SB, Matthews DE, Leibel RL. Low Dose Leptin Administration Reverses Effects of Sustained Weight-Reduction on Energy Expenditure and Circulating Concentrations of Thyroid Hormones. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2002;87(5):2391-4.
39. Rehman K, Akash MSH, Alina Z. Leptin: A new therapeutic target for treatment of diabetes mellitus. 2018;119(7):5016-27.
40. . !!! INVALID CITATION !!! (18).
41. Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E. Leptin's Physiologic Role: Does the Emperor of Energy Balance Have No Clothes? Cell Metabolism. 2017;26(1):24-6.
42. Frithioff-Bøjsøe C, Lund MAV, Lausten-Thomsen U, Hedley PL, Pedersen O, Christiansen M, et al. Leptin, adiponectin, and their ratio as markers of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk in childhood obesity. Pediatric Diabetes. 2020;21(2):194-202.
43. Ruhl CE, Harris TB, Ding J, Goodpaster BH, Kanaya AM, Kritchevsky SB, et al. Body mass index and serum leptin concentration independently estimate percentage body fat in older adults. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2007;85(4):1121-6.
44. Galdas PM, Cheater F, Marshall P. Men and health help-seeking behaviour: literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2005;49(6):616-23.