Peripheral blood CD4+CCR6+ compartment differentiates HIV-1 infected or seropositive elite controllers from long-term successfully treated individuals

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-956654/v1

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Peripheral blood CD4⁺CCR6⁺ compartment differentiates HIV-1 infected or seropositive elite controllers from long-term successfully treated individuals

https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-956654/v1

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published 13 Apr, 2022

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HIV-1 infection induces a chronic inflammatory environment not restored by suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). As of today, the effect of viral suppression and immune reconstitution in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) on long-term suppressive ART (PLWH_ART) is not well-described. Herein, we show how PLWH who naturally control the virus (PLWH_EC) have a reduced proportion of CD4⁺CCR6⁺ cells compared to PLWH_ART and HIV-1 negative controls. Specifically, the CD4⁺CCR6⁺/CCR6^- cells exhibited a uniqe proteomic profile with a modulated energy metabolism in PLWH_EC compared to PLWH_ART independent of CCR6 status. Furthermore, the CD4⁺CCR6⁺ cells were enriched in proteins involved in apoptosis and p53 signalling in PLWH_EC compared to PLWH_ART, indicative of increased sensitivity towards cell death mechanisms. Collectively, this data shows how PLWH_EC have a unique chemokine receptor profile that may aid in facilitating natural control of HIV-1 infection.