In the era of omi-media, innovative models of popular science in community health science continue to appear: medical science film and television dramas such as "Grey Intern", "White Tower", medical reality shows "Emergency Room Stories" etc. They satisfy the increasing public demand for popular science and the pursuit of innovative models of popular science [10–11], provide new methods and perspectives for exploring innovative popular science models, increase the public health knowledge, and health literacy [12–13].
The results show that with the same knowledge in osteoporosis, compared with that in baseline in each group, the satisfactions in two innovative and one traditional model have been significantly improved after 3 and 6 months of popular science intervention,which shows that both innovative and traditional models in this study have achieved better satisfaction in community health science activities. In the comparison of different models with the popular science intervention for 3 months or 6 months, the satisfaction in C is always the highest than in A, B, which showed the traditional lecture mode has wider adaptability and better science popularization effect for the dissemination of popular science knowledge.
Lectures are an on-site community popular science on method, which has always been familiar and welcomed by community residents. It is also a type in health popular science research (about 31.34 ~ 47.77% in the research), with a high degree of awareness and satisfaction [14–16]. In this study, the satisfaction in A with 3 months intervention (95.5%) was basically equal to or slightly lower than that in C (96.2%), and that in B (91.7%) with 6 months intervention was slightly lower than that in C (94.3%). Prompt the health popular science model, the medical science talk show maximizes the scientific and professional content as well as the artistry and fun of form, which blends solemnity and harmony, and has excellent popular science effects in Shanghai community health popular science activities[7].
Next, the satisfaction in different models varies with the popular science intervention time. Although after 3 months, the satisfactions in A, B, C were significantly improved compared with that in baseline, the satisfaction in A and C both reached the highest after 3 months intervention, while that in B reached the highest after 6 months. The reason may be that because the main features and the serious consequences of OP are relatively abstract and complex concepts, in the next three months of popular science intervention, one of innovative model, Chinese volunteer medical science talk show has made knowledge continue to be effectively repeated and intensified, continued to advance residents’ understanding on knowledge. So at the end of 6 months, the satisfaction in B continued to increase. However, due to some unknown mechanism, in A and C, the popular science intervention in the next three months did not effectively continue repeat and strengthen the understanding of same knowledge, the satisfaction reached the highest at the end of the three months. with a slight decrease in satisfaction at the end of six months. The results also indicated that when applying different popular science models, we should distinguish between the nature of knowledge, choose appropriate popular science models and reasonable intervention time for different knowledge, so as to improve popular science satisfaction.
Female (0.598, 95% CI (0.440-0.813), p = 0.001) and junior college (0.295, 95% CI (0.168-0.519), p < 0.001) have negative effects on the satisfaction, which is consistent with many studies [19–20]. It is speculated that because female generally have better various types of knowledge than male have, and are meticulous and sensitive to knowledge, they have higher requirements for popular science activities leading to lower satisfaction. Education has also become a major factor affecting satisfaction. Residents with better education, for example with college education have higher requirements for popular science activities, which results in lower satisfaction [17]. Based on the different satisfaction in different groups, and our findings about many residents have gradually realized the importance of popular science activities in community, therefore there is a large demand for science popularization and they are willing to participate in popular science activities. In the future, more individual innovative popular science models in Shanghai community will enhance the effectiveness of popular science activities.
Chinese residents generally have insufficient awareness of osteoporosis, and the detection rate of bone mineral density needs to be improved urgently. Popularization of science is particularly important. Previous studies have shown that the awareness rate of osteoporosis-related knowledge among people over 20 years old in China is only 11.7%, of which 10.5% of men, 13.0% of women, 17.8% in urban areas, and 8.1% in rural areas. Therefore, on the one hand, innovative forms of popular science can improve community residents' comprehensive knowledge of various chronic diseases including OP, help residents to achieve early prevention and early improvement of bone density, and the prevalence of OP will be greatly reduced[19–21]. On the other hand, innovative forms of science popularization with better science popularization effects can meet the increasing needs of community residents for popular science.
The limitations of this study are that the surveyed residents are relatively high in age (only 17.7% of residents are under 60) and low education level (only 54.2% of residents are high school/technical school and above). Although the scope of the survey cannot represent the whole, it is representative in the sample of this age group (60 years old and above). We have reason to believe that because of the easy-to-understand characteristics of medical science cross talk, it is speculated that good science popularization effects will also be achieved in other age groups (younger) and other educational backgrounds (higher education). In addition, the overall sample size is not high, and the sample size difference between some groups is slightly larger. Although this study cannot be representative of Chinese community residents, it is representative in the sample of Shanghai community residents. In the future, we can consider designing a large sample study to further control the influence of factors such as gender, age, education, occupation, marriage, and economic income on the effect of popular science. In the future, it is necessary to continue to expand the scope of popular science in the form of innovative science. In addition to osteoporosis, it should also be extended to other common physical and mental diseases of community residents, such as Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
In 2020, the proportion of Chinese citizens with scientific literacy will reach 10.56%, and the improvement of Chinese citizens’ scientific literacy has entered a stage of rapid growth [22]. Community residents are the main force receiving health science training, and they also assume the responsibility of publicizing and disseminating health science knowledge and skills, and driving the public to comprehensively improve the national scientific literacy level. Both the innovative forms of popular science and the traditional forms of popular science in this study can effectively improve the knowledge level of community residents, and both have a high degree of satisfaction. Not only will it meet the needs of community residents for popular science, but it will also promote the demonstration effect of community health popular science activities.