[1] Fiorillo A, Gorwood P. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 63 (1), e32.
[2] Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: a cross-sectional study. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87, 11-17.
[3] Talevi D, Socci V, Carai M, et al. Mental health outcomes of the CoViD-19 pandemic. Riv Psichiatr 2020; 55 (3), 137-144.
[4] Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet 2020; 395 (10227), 912-920.
[5] Rubin JG. The psychological effects of quarantining a city. BMJ 2020; 368, m313.
[6] Duan L, Zhu G. Psychological interventions for people affected by the CoViD-19 epidemic. Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7, 300-302.
[7] Ayittey FK, Ayittey MK, Chiwero NB, et al. Economic impacts of Wuhan 2019-nCoV on China and the world. J Med Virol 2020; 92, 473-475.
[8] Chenneville T, Gabbidon K, Hanson P, et al. The Impact of COVID-19 on HIV Treatment and Research: A Call to Action. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17 (12), 45-48.
[9] Li S, Wang Y, Xue J, et al. The Impact of CoViD-19 epidemic declaration on psychological consequences: a study on active weibo users. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17 (6), 2032.
[10] Liu N, Zhang F, Wei C, et al. Prevalence and predictors of PTSS during COVID- 19 outbreak in China hardest-hit areas: gender differences matter. Psychiatry Res 2020; 16 (287), 112921.
[11] Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17, 1729.
[12] Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, et al. The psychological impact of the CoViD-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res 2020; 287, 112934.
[13] Qiu J, Shen B, Zhao M, et al. A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: Implication and policy recommendations. Gen Psychiatr 2020; 33, e100213.
[14] Wang Y, Di Y, Ye J, et al. Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (CoViD-19) in some regions of China. Psychol Health Med 2020; 1-10.
[15] Zhang Y, Ma ZF. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Quality of Life among Local Residents in Liaoning Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17 (7), 2381.
[16] Moccia L, Janiri D, Pepe M, et al. Affective temperament, attachment style, and the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak: an early report on the Italian general population. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87, 75-79.
[17] Jacobi F, Höfler M, Siegert J, et al. Twelve-month prevalence, comorbidity and correlates of mental disorders in Germany: The Mental Health Module of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1-MH). Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2014; 23, 304-319.
[18] Mazza C, Ricci E, Biondi S, et al. A Nationwide Survey of Psychological Distress among Italian People during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17 (9), 3165.
[19] Wittchen HU, Jacobi F, Rehm J, et al. The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2010; 21, 655-679.
[20] Rossi R, Socci V, Talevi D, et al. COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown Measures Impact on Mental Health Among the General Population in Italy. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11, 790.
[21] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in People with HIV. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/specific-group s/hiv.html. [accessed 23 March 2020].
[22] BHIVA- British HIV Association. News & Media: EACS & BHIVA Statement on risk of COVID-19 for people living with HIV. 2020. Available at: https://www.bhiva.org/EACS-BHIVA-Statement-on-risk-of-COVID-19-for-people-living-with-HIV.
[23] Kowalska JD, Skrzat-Klapaczynska A, Bursa D, et al. HIV care in times of the COVID19 crisis - where are we now in Central and Eastern Europe? Int J Infect Dis 2020; 96, 311-314.
[24] Ponticiello M, Mwanga-Amumpaire J, Tushemereirwe P, et al. “Everything is a mess”: how COVID-19 is impacting engagement with HIV testing Services in rural southwestern Uganda. AIDS Behav 2020; 1-4.
[25] Ballester-Arnal R, Gil-Llario MD. The virus that changed Spain: impact of COVID-19 on people with HIV. AIDS Behav 2020; 1-5.
[26] Lodge 2nd W, Kuchukhidze S. COVID-19, HIV, and migrant workers: the double burden of the two viruses. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2020; 34, 249-250.
[27] Prabhu S, Poongulali S, Kumarasamy N. Impact of COVID-19 on people living with HIV: A review. J Virus Erad 2020; 6 (4), 100019.
[28] World Health Organization. 2019 Novel Coronavirus Global Research and Innovation Forum: Towards a Research Roadmap. 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/who-documents-detail/2019-novelcoronavirus-overview-of-the-state-of-the-art-and-outline-of-key-knowledge-gaps-slides [accessed 27 April 2020].
[29] Nanni MG, Caruso R, Mitchell AJ, et al. Depression in HIV infected patients: A review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2015; 17, 530.
[30] Bing EG, Burnam MA, Longshore D, et al. Psychiatric disorders and drug use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in the United States. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58, 721-728.
[31] Ciesla JA, Roberts JE. Meta-Analysis of the relationship between HIV infection and risk for depressive disorders. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158, 725-730.
[32] Nacher M, Adriouch L, Godard Sebillotte C, et al. Predictive factors and incidence of anxiety and depression in a cohort of HIV-positive patients in French Guiana. Aids Care 2010; 22, 1086-1092.
[33] Gonzalez JS, Batchelder AW, Psaros C, et al. Depression and HIV/AIDS treatment nonadherence: A review and meta-analysis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2011; 58, 181-187.
[34] Orban L, Stein R, Koenig L, et al. Coping strategies of adolescents living with HIV: Disease-specific stressors and responses. Aids Care 2010; 22, 420-430.
[35] Blashill AJ, Perry N, Safren SA. Mental health: A focus on stress, coping, and mental illness as it relates to treatment retention, adherence, and other health outcomes. Curr Hiv Aids Rep 2011; 8, 215-222.
[36] Singer M. Pathogen-pathogen interaction: a syndemic model of complex biosocial processes in disease. Virulence 2010; 1 (1), 10-8.
[37] Halkitis PN, Moeller RW, Siconolfi DE, et al. Measurement model exploring a syndemic in emerging adult gay and bisexual men. AIDS Behav 2013; 17 (2), 662-673.
[38] Shiau S, Krause KD, Valera P, et al. The Burden of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Syndemic Perspective. AIDS Behav 2020; 24 (8), 2244-2249.
[39] Brandt C, Zvolensky MJ, Woods SP, et al. Anxiety symptoms and disorders among adults living with HIV and AIDS: A critical review and integrative synthesis of the empirical literature. Clin Psychol Rev 2016; 51, 164-184.
[40] Lynn C, Bradley-Klug K, Dedrick R, et al. Mental health screening in integrated care settings: Identifying rates of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress among youth with HIV. AIDS Care 2018; 17 (3), 1-7.
[41] Gebo KA. Epidemiology of HIV and response to antiretroviral therapy in the middle aged and elderly. J Aging Health 2008; 4, 615-627.
[42] Nachega JB, Hsu AJ, Uthman OA, et al. Antiretroviral therapy adherence and drug-drug interactions in the aging HIV population. AIDS 2012; 26, S39-S53.
[43] Kuman TunÇel Ö, PullukÇu H, Erdem HA, et al. COVID-19 related anxiety in people living with HIV: An online cross-sectional study. Turk J Med Sci 2020. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32777899.
[44] Siewe Fodjo JN, Faria de Moura Villela E, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the medical follow-up and psychosocial well-being of people living with HIV: A cross-sectional survey. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020; 85 (3), 257-262.
[45] Christianson S, Marren J. The Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R). Medsurg Nurs 2012; 21 (5), 321-322.
[46] Gayle Beck J, Grant DM, Read JP, et al. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised: Psychometric properties in a sample of motor vehicle accident survivors. J Anxiety Disord 2008; 22 (2), 187-198.
[47] Reynolds DL, Garay JR, Deamond SL, et al. Understanding, compliance and psychological impact of the SARS quarantine experience. Epidemiol Infect 2008; 136, 997-1007.
[48] Creamer M, Bell R, Failla S. Psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised. Behav Res Ther 2003; 41, 1489-1496.
[49] Weiss DS, Marmar CR. The impact of event scale – revised. In: Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD (Wilson JP, Keane TM, Eds). Guilford Press, New York; 1997: 399-411.
[50] Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. Br J Clin Psychol 2005; 44, 227-239.
[51] Norton PJ. Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21): psychometric analysis across four racial groups. Anxiety Stress Coping 2007; 20, 253-265.
[52] Oei T, Sawang S, Wah Goh Y, et al. Using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) across cultures. Int J Psycho 2013; 6, 1018-1029.
[53] Ho CSH, Tan E, Ho R, et al. Relationship of anxiety and depression with respiratory symptoms: Comparison between depressed and non-depressed smokers in Singapore. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16 (1), 163.
[54] Sareen D, O'Rourke JG, Meera P, et al. Targeting RNA foci in iPSC-derived motor neurons from ALS patients with a C9ORF72 repeat expansion. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5 (208), 208ra149.
[55] Armitage R, Nellums LB. COVID-19 and the consequences of isolating the elderly. Lancet Public Health 2020; 5 (5), e256.
[56] Brooke J, Jackson D. Older people and COVID-19: Isolation, risk and ageism. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29 (13-14), 2044-2046.
[57] Hatch R, Young D, Barber V, et al. Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder after critical illness: AUK-wide prospective cohort study. Crit Care 2018; 22, 310.
[58] American Psychological Association’s Joint Task Force for the Development of Telepsychology Guidelines for Psychologists. Guidelines for the Practice of Telepsychology. 2013. Available online: https://www.apa. org/practice/guidelines/telepsychology (accessed on 2 May 2020).